Psychiatric Disorders and Personality Styles in Mothers of Female Adolescent Patients with Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Rost ◽  
Viola Kappel ◽  
Harriet Salbach ◽  
Nora Schneider ◽  
Ernst Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Personality Styles ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Axis I

Abstract. Objective: To provide further insight into the presently poorly understood role of familial psychopathology in the development of eating disorders (ED). Method: The present study assesses psychiatric and personality disorders listed on Axis I and II of the DSM-IV in 27 mothers of adolescent patients with anorexia (AN mothers) and 14 bulimia nervosa (BN mothers) as well as 22 mentally healthy girls (CG mothers) on a categorical level. Furthermore, we conducted a dimensional diagnostic regarding personality styles and personality traits. Results: AN and BN mothers showed increased rates of Axis I disorders, especially affective, substance use, and anxiety disorders. Differences on Axis II did not reach statistical significance. However, BN mothers showed higher occurrences of paranoid, negativistic, and schizotypal personality styles compared to the other groups. BN mothers further showed higher occurrences than CG mothers of the personality traits excitability, aggressiveness, physical complaints, openness, and emotionality. AN mothers differed significantly from CG mothers on the scale demands. Conclusions: Increased occurrence of psychopathology on both categorical and dimensional levels in mothers of patients with AN and BN supports the assumption of a familial accumulation of psychopathology in ED. Longitudinal studies and genetic analyses should clarify a possible cause-effect relationship and interactions between familial dynamics and adolescent ED. Keywords: eating disorders, adolescent patients, mothers, psychiatric disorders, personality styles.

Axis I and Axis II comorbidity in a group of eating disorders outpatients

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 261S
Author(s):  
A.P. Verri ◽  
S. Bellone ◽  
C. Galli ◽  
E. Vallero ◽  
R.E. Nappi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Axis I

Psychologists' and Social Workers' Self-Descriptions Using DSM—IV Psychopathology

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-188
Author(s):  
Tali Nachshoni ◽  
Yehuda Abramovitch ◽  
Vladimir Lerner ◽  
Miriam Assael-Amir ◽  
Moshe Kotler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Eating Problems ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

There is limited information on mental health of psychologists and social workers despite their rendering mental health services, so their subjective perception of mental disorder was explored via a self-evaluation survey in which they self-diagnosed the presence of DSM-IV disorders within themselves. The sample of 128 professionals included 63 psychologists and 65 social workers. The presence of Axis I traits was reported by 81.2%, the three most frequent traits being mood, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and eating disorder. Axis II traits were reported by 73.4% of subjects, the three most frequent conditions being narcissistic, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality traits. While a high percentage of subjects reported the presence of either an Axis I or Axis II disorder, the average severity reported was low. More psychologists reported on mood, social phobia, and eating problems than social workers, while the latter reported more on psychotic problems. Psychologists reported more Axis II traits, especially paranoid, narcissistic, and avoidant subtypes. More women than men reported eating problems, while more men reported schizoid and avoidant personality traits. In conclusion, manifestations of subthreshold psychiatric conditions were prominently reported. These findings suggest encouraging mental health care professionals to explore treatment for problems if present.

Relationships between eating disorders and personality disorders in adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 722-722
Author(s):  
S. Gaudio ◽  
C. Bufacchi ◽  
M. Andreotti ◽  
N. Gregorini ◽  
F. Montecchi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv

IntroductionSeveral research studies have investigated Personality Disorder (PD) comorbidity in adult with Eating Disorders (ED), which showed an association between the two types of disorder.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to examine the relationships between ED and PD in a sample of adolescents between 14 to 18 years of age.MethodSixty-seven adolescents with ED treated in an outpatients setting [23 Anorexia Nervosa (AN), 17 Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and 27 Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS)] were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT).ResultsOverall, 13 (19.4%) of ED patients had one or more PD. Cluster C PDs were the most common specific PDs. No significant difference was found between AN and BN based on the general presence of PDs. EDNOS patients had a lower prevalence of PDs compared to AN and BN patients. ED patients with a PD had an higher BDI rates compared to ED patients without PDs. No significant difference was observed in EAT rates between ED patients with and without PDs.ConclusionsCluster C PDs were the most frequent PDs found in ED adolescent patients. The prevalence of PDs is similar in AN and BN patients, whilst EDNOS patients have a lower prevalence of PDs compared to AN and BN patients. ED adolescent patients with current PD comorbidity show higher depression scores.

scholarly journals Comparative study of adolescents with and without ADHD

Salud Mental ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
Macarena Pi Davanzo ◽  
◽  
Marcela Larraguibel Quiroz ◽  
Rodrigo Rojas-Andrade ◽  
Consuelo Aldunate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Grade Retention ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Adolescent Patients

Introduction. Although an association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and personality disorders has been observed in adult population, no descriptions in Chilean adolescents have been reported. Objective. To explore personality profiles in Chilean adolescent patients diagnosed with ADHD. Method. Non-experimental, comparative design, convenience sample with 61 adolescent patients (13-19 years old) diagnosed with ADHD who completed the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI) questionnaire. Results compared parameters for the Chilean adolescent population and patients in the study. Attending psychiatrists completed a medical history file (comorbidities, pharmacological treatment and factors associated with mental health). Multivariate statistics, cluster analyses, and means comparison analyses were performed. This project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Chile. Results. The personality profile of female adolescent patients with ADHD resembles that of the general female population, while the profile of the male patients is similar to that of the patient’s parameter group. Cluster analysis identified two personality sub-profiles: 25% of the subjects belonged to cluster 1, which was characterized by higher scores for different personality traits, expressed concerns, and clinical syndromes, compared with subjects from cluster 2. There were no differences regarding gender, ADHD clinical presentation, use of medication, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), type of school, grade retention, or, applicable only to the female group, comorbidities in belonging to cluster 1. Only the presence of comorbidity in male subjects was associated with cluster 1 membership. Discussion and conclusion. Adolescent patients diagnosed with ADHD differed significantly in some personality traits when compared to Chilean parameters for the MACI. Of the adolescents studied, 25% have maladaptive personality characteristics.

Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders in patients with fibromyalgia

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk Uguz ◽  
Erdinç Çiçek ◽  
Ali Salli ◽  
Ali Yavuz Karahan ◽  
İlknur Albayrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Axis I

Biological Markers in Borderline Personality Disorders: An Overview

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meir Steiner ◽  
Paul S. Links ◽  
Marilyn Korzekwa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorders ◽  
Axis I

The state of knowledge in the area of suggested biological markers that may delineate subpopulations of patients with borderline personality disorders (BPD) is reviewed. There is widespread disagreement as to the specificity of these markers. The clinical implications of Axis I — Axis II, state vs. trait, acute vs. chronic, and definite vs. probable diagnoses, all seem to contribute to the confusion in this area. Some patients with BPD and with schizotypal personality disorders (SPD) share neuroendocrine abnormalities with affective disorders (AD) and schizophrenic (SCH)patients respectively. This interface and/or potential overlap between personality disorders (PD) and the major mental disorders is discussed with special reference to the DST, TRH/TSH test, and REM latency which have already been established as valuable biological markers for certain subtypes of depression. In contrast, biologic abnormalities observed in chronic schizophrenia are also present in some SPD patients. Current data are supportive of the hypothesis that some PD patients are independent whereas others are genetically related to the major mental disorders.

Psychiatric disorders, suicidality, and personality among young men by sexual orientation

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wang ◽  
M. Dey ◽  
L. Soldati ◽  
M.G. Weiss ◽  
G. Gmel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
The Past

AbstractPersonality and its potential role in mediating risk of psychiatric disorders and suicidality are assessed by sexual orientation, using data collected among young Swiss men (n = 5875) recruited while presenting for mandatory military conscription. Mental health outcomes were analyzed by sexual attraction using logistic regression, controlling for five-factor model personality traits and socio-demographics. Homo/bisexual men demonstrated the highest scores for neuroticism-anxiety but the lowest for sociability and sensation seeking, with no differences for aggression-hostility. Among homo/bisexual men, 10.2% fulfilled diagnostic criteria for major depression in the past 2 weeks, 10.8% for ADHD in the past 12 months, 13.8% for lifetime anti-social personality disorder (ASPD), and 6.0% attempted suicide in the past 12 months. Upon adjusting (AOR) for personality traits, their odds ratios (OR) for major depression (OR = 4.78, 95% CI 2.81–8.14; AOR = 1.46, 95% CI 0.80–2.65) and ADHD (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.31–3.58; AOR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.58–1.75) lost statistical significance, and the odds ratio for suicide attempt was halved (OR = 5.10, 95% CI 2.57–10.1; AOR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.16–5.02). There are noteworthy differences in personality traits by sexual orientation, and much of the increased mental morbidity appears to be accounted for by such underlying differences, with important implications for etiology and treatment.

An Examination of the Associations between Life Problems and Psychiatric Disorders in a Rural Patient Population

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Yellowlees ◽  
Anil V. Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Rural Patient ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Pathology Data

The objective of this clinical study was to examine the differential effects of adversity on pathology. Data obtained from a previously described consecutive series of 707 patients was re-analysed to this effect. A series of specific life events, as well as behaviours that were likely to be secondary to psychiatric disorder, were examined. High rates of life problems such as incest, sexual assault, domestic violence, suicide attempts, and alcohol, tranquilliser and substance abuse were found in the group of patients in general. There were no major differences in the prevalence of these problems in patients with major functional disorders, anxiety disorders, short-lived minor psychiatric disorders, or in “control” patients with no primary Axis I or Axis II diagnosis. Patients with personality disorders as their major psychiatric diagnosis did, however, experience higher levels of the majority of these problems. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed. It is concluded that patients who develop chronic psychiatric illnesses are probably more psychologically or biologically vulnerable than those patients who develop short-lived disorders and who do not achieve a major psychiatric diagnosis from the practising clinician.

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