Convergence of Agents' and Targets' Reports on Intraorganizational Influence Attempts1

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Blickle
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Rational Persuasion ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Formal Organizations ◽  
Influence Attempts ◽  
Inference Theory

Summary The object of the current study was to determine the convergent and discriminant validity of agents' and targets' reports on intraorganizational influence attempts with a structural equation model using latent state-trait analyses. To explain agent-target convergence, we linked the theory of formal organizations to Correspondent Inference Theory. Managers (agents) were asked to describe how they try to influence their boss, a coworker, and a subordinate. These targets also described how the agent tries to influence them. Both agents and targets rated four types of influence attempts twice within 2½ months, namely, rational persuasion, ingratiation, pressure, and upward appeals. In the multitrait-multimethod design, we analyzed 209 complete sets of questionnaires (one agent questionnaire, three target questionnaires, N = 836). The use of structural equation models in analyzing multitrait-multimethod matrices has often resulted in severe difficulties. In the present research, these problems were not encountered. On the whole, the agent-target convergence was low but significant.

Assessing Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Influence Behavior Questionnaire

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Blickle
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Peer Ratings ◽  
Rational Persuasion ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Influence Behavior

The purpose was to study convergent and discriminant validity of the 1997 Influence Behavior Questionnaire (short version) used to assess lateral attempts at influence. 479 German employees participated in a multitrait-multimethod study with nine trait measures (Rational Persuasion, Inspirational Appeal, Consultation, Ingratiation, Exchange, Personal Appeal, Coalition, Legitimating, Pressure) and two methods (self- and peer-ratings). Data, analyzed with incomplete structural equation models, supported scales' convergent but not discriminant validity of the influence scales.

scholarly journals Gender Roles in the Relationship between Hijrah Intention, Satisfaction, and Islamic-Bank Customer Loyalty

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2615-2634
Author(s):  
Eka Yudiana Fetria ◽  
Hadri Kusuma ◽  
Ibnu Qizam
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to analyze the differences between gender roles and the influence of hijrah intention and satisfaction on customer loyalty in Islamic banks. The data was collected from the Indonesian Islamic bank customers using convenience sampling. A total of 360 out of 927 questionnaires were received and sent back online. The hypothesis was tested using Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Smart-PLS. The variable indicators of interest were reflective and adapted from some previous literature. Furthermore, the data had satisfied convergent and discriminant validity requirements. The results showed that the Islamic bank customer loyalty routes differ between men and women. Satisfaction encourages hijrah intention without directly affecting customer loyalty in males. However, satisfaction strongly determines loyalty rather than hijrah intention for women. In the full model, hijrah intention serves a stronger mediating role on the satisfaction and loyalty relationship than the mediating role of satisfaction on the hijrah intention-loyalty relationship.

scholarly journals A New Approach to the Study of Tolerance: Conceptualizing and Measuring Acceptance, Respect, and Appreciation of Difference

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 897-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Hjerm ◽  
Maureen A. Eger ◽  
Andrea Bohman ◽  
Filip Fors Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Approach ◽  
A Value ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Cross National

Abstract Previous empirical research on tolerance suffers from a number of shortcomings, the most serious being the conceptual and operational conflation of (in)tolerance and prejudice. We design research to remedy this. First, we contribute to the literature by advancing research that distinguishes analytically between the two phenomena. We conceptualize tolerance as a value orientation towards difference. This definition—which is abstract and does not capture attitudes towards specific out-groups, ideas, or behaviors—allows for the analysis of tolerance within and between societies. Second, we improve the measurement of tolerance by developing survey items that are consistent with this conceptualization. We administer two surveys, one national (Sweden) and one cross-national (Australia, Denmark, Great Britain, Sweden, and the United States). Results from structural equation models show that tolerance is best understood as a three-dimensional concept, which includes acceptance of, respect for, and appreciation of difference. Analyses show that measures of tolerance have metric invariance across countries, and additional tests demonstrate convergent and discriminant validity. We also assess tolerance’s relationship to prejudice and find that only an appreciation of difference has the potential to reduce prejudice. We conclude that it is not only possible to measure tolerance in a way that is distinct from prejudice but also necessary if we are to understand the causes and consequences of tolerance.

Construct Validation of Hebrew Versions of Three Physical Self-Concept Measures: An Extended Multitrait-Multimethod Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert W. Marsh ◽  
Michael Bar-Eli ◽  
Sima Zach ◽  
Garry E. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Education Majors ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Physical Education Majors ◽  
Validity Criteria

This study extends support for the construct validity of the three strongest physical self-concept measures for 395 Israeli university students (60% women) aged 18 to 54, demonstrating a new extension of the multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) design that incorporates external validity criteria and a test of jingle-jangle fallacies. Structural equation models of this MTMM data confirmed the a priori 23-factor structure of the three instruments, and the convergent and discriminant validity of factors from each instrument in relation to those from the other instruments. There were few age effects, whereas gender differences were smaller than expected and stable over age. In support of the known-group-difference approach, physical education majors had systematically higher physical self-concepts than management majors. Relations of body image to self-concept factors supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the physical self-concept factors and the separation of body fat from physical appearance self-concepts, but having a more obese body was not significantly related to health self-concept or global self-esteem factors.

scholarly journals The SEMinR Package

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-74
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Hair ◽  
G. Tomas M. Hult ◽  
Christian M. Ringle ◽  
Marko Sarstedt ◽  
Nicholas P. Danks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
User Friendly

AbstractSEMinR is a software package developed for the R statistical environment (R Core Team, 2021). The package includes a user-friendly syntax for creating and estimating structural equation models using estimators such as partial least squares. In this chapter, we introduce the syntax to create, estimate, and report structural equation models using SEMinR. We demonstrate the four steps to specifying and estimating a structural equation model: (1) loading and cleaning the data, (2) specifying the measurement models, (3) specifying the structural model, and (4) estimating, bootstrapping, and summarizing the model. This chapter also describes how to export results and figures from R for professional, publication-quality reporting.

scholarly journals The Sustainable Leadership for Vocational Schools in Thailand: A Structural Equation Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Khukrit Silalaiy ◽  
Thanin Ratanaolarn ◽  
Malai Thaveesuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Leadership Development ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Sustainable Leadership ◽  
Education Administrators

Abstract The purpose of this research was to study the leaders’ characteristics, situation management, behaviors and roles affecting sustainable leadership development and examine the compatibility of the structural equation model regarding sustainable leadership for vocational education administrators, as developed from the empirical evidence and determined influence of each factor. The quantitative research utilized questionnaires, given to a sample of 404 vocational education principals and vice-principals, derived using a multistage sampling method from 413 vocational public schools in Thailand. To test the confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model were conducted. This research findings suggest that the structural equation models for sustainable leadership development of vocational education administrators were in accordance with the empirical data. The leaders' characteristics factors had the weight of the maximum gross effects towards the sustainable leadership development. This study suggest that the sustainable leadership development for vocational education administrators can be carried out by developing leaders’ characteristics.

scholarly journals Local Fit Evaluation of Structural Equation Models Using Graphical Criteria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Thoemmes ◽  
Yves Rosseel ◽  
Johannes Textor
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Single Index ◽  
Model Misfit

Evaluation of model fit is critically important for every structural equation model and sophisticated methods have been developed for this task. Among them are the χ2 goodness-of-fit test, decomposition of the χ2, derived measures like the popular RMSEA or CFI, or inspection of residuals or modification indices. Many of these methods provide a global approach to model fit evaluation: A single index is computed that quantifies the fit of the entire SEM to the data. In contrast, graphical criteria like d-separation or trek-separation allow to derive implications that can be used for local fit evaluation, an approach that is hardly ever applied. We provide an overview of local fit evaluation from the viewpoint of SEM practitioners. In the presence of model misfit, local fit evaluation can potentially help in pinpointing where the problem with the model lies. For models that do fit the data, local tests can identify the parts of the model that are corroborated by the data. Local tests can also be conducted before a model is fitted at all, and they can be used even for models that are globally under-identified. We discuss appropriate statistical local tests, and provide applied examples. We also present novel software in R that automates this type of local fit evaluation.

scholarly journals Validation of the Mental Toughness Measure of Athletes and Non-athletes with the Structural Equation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Issam Eddine Ben Chelbi ◽  
Jaouad Alem ◽  
Driss Boudhiba ◽  
Sabeur Hamrouni ◽  
Riadh Khalifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Arabic Speaking

The use of structural equation models (SEM) in scientific research perform a promising methodological and empirical direction to validate the measurement of psychological constructs. The aim of this paper is to validate the measurement of mental toughness of athletes and non-athletes with SEM. The sample consisted of 853 Tunisian participants (444 males and 409 females; 409 athletes and 444 non-athletes), aged 14 to 27 years (M=20.38 SD=4.12). The sample completed the Arabic translated questionnaire of Clough, Earle [1] which measures six components of their mental toughness. The SEM approved a good model fit (χ²=1146.33; df =1065; CFI=.93; SRMR=.063; RMSEA=.009) which allows for a valid Arabic-speaking measure of the six components of mental toughness.

scholarly journals One Factor SEM and Multilevel SEM Model for Patient Satisfaction Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Rehan Ahmad Khan Sherwani ◽  
Sajjad Ali Gill ◽  
Shaukat Ali Raza ◽  
Shumaila Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation Model

Structural equation models are very common in medical, social, management and behavioral sciences where researchers established some causal relations between observed variables and latent variable. In structured populations the assumption of independence of observations is often violated and had been ignored by the researchers. As a result with the correlated structure of the error terms, biased estimates of the parameters have been produced that leads towards incorrect statistical inference. Multilevel structural equation model under one factor model has been proposed, estimated and compared with the traditional structural equation model on patient satisfaction data. Multilevel structural equation model produced better estimates than the structural equation models.

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