How Clinicians Incorporate Suicide Risk Factors Into Suicide Risk Assessment

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Emilie H. Picard ◽  
Barry Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Level Of Care ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Desire To Die ◽  
Suicide Plan

Abstract. Background: The literature has focused on explicit communications of suicidal ideation, although such communications are infrequent and less overt symptoms are comparable indicators of suicide risk. Aims: Our aim was to understand how clinicians consider inexplicit suicide risk factors in assessments of risk. Method: A national sample of 75 psychiatric crisis clinicians were provided with three vignettes, which varied in nine variables related to suicide risk. Clinicians rated imminent suicide risk and identified an appropriate level of care for each hypothetical patient. Results: Prior suicide attempt, intent to die, presence of a suicide plan, desire to die, hopelessness, burdensomeness, and passive suicidal ideation (defined as a combination of hopelessness, burdensomeness, desire to die, and anhedonia) significantly impacted risk perception while depression and anhedonia did not. Level of care was significantly associated with passive suicidal ideation, suicide plan, desire to die, and hopelessness. Limitations: Limitations of the study include its small sample size, experienced clinicians, and reliance on hypothetical patients. The study design did not allow for all variables to be compared against one another. Conclusion: Clinicians considered less overt risk factors for suicide when assessing risk. Future research should examine whether this knowledge is applied in real-life scenarios and if less experienced clinicians equally consider these risk factors.

Physical Activity, Suicide Risk Factors, and Suicidal Ideation in a Veteran Sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Gutierrez ◽  
Collin L. Davidson ◽  
Ariel H. Friese ◽  
Jeri E. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

Associations Between Suicide Risk Factors and Favorite Songs

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Till ◽  
Michael Fraissler ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Ulrich S. Tran ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Music Preferences ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract. Background: For several decades, the question of whether personal suicidality is reflected in individual music preferences has been the subject of debate in suicide research. Despite many studies investigating the relationship between music use and suicidal behavior, it is still unclear whether suicide risk is reflected in individual music preferences. Aims: The present study aimed to assess whether music preferences are reflected in suicide risk factors. Method: We assessed suicidal ideation, depression, and hopelessness among 943 participants in a cross-sectional online survey. Participants provided up to five examples of their favorite music. We conducted a content analysis and coded all reported songs as suicide-related, coping-related, or unrelated to suicide. Results: Multivariate analyses controlling for gender, age, education level, and amount of daily music use indicated associations of preferences for suicide-related songs with suicidal ideation and depression. Limitations: Limitations of the present study include the use of a convenience sample and a cross-sectional design, the small number of participants with preferences for coping-related songs, and the relatively small effect size of the associations found. Conclusion: Music preferences appear to reflect suicide risk factors, with individuals who prefer suicide-related songs scoring higher in terms of suicidal ideation and depression.

A CBT-Based Psychoeducational Intervention for Suicide Survivors

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciska Wittouck ◽  
Sara Van Autreve ◽  
Gwendolyn Portzky ◽  
Kees van Heeringen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Psychoeducational Intervention ◽  
Suicide Survivors ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Grief Reactions

Background: Bereavement following suicide is associated with an increased vulnerability for depression, complicated grief, suicidal ideation, and suicide. There is, however, a paucity of studies of the effects of interventions in suicide survivors. Aims: This study therefore examined the effects of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based psychoeducational intervention on depression, complicated grief, and suicide risk factors in suicide survivors. Method: In total, 83 suicide survivors were randomized to the intervention or the control condition in a cluster randomized controlled trial. Primary outcome measures included maladaptive grief reactions, depression, suicidal ideation, and hopelessness. Secondary outcome measures included grief-related cognitions and coping styles. Results: There was no significant effect of the intervention on the outcome measures. However, the intensity of symptoms of grief, depressive symptoms, and passive coping styles decreased significantly in the intervention group but not in the control group. Conclusion: The CBT-based psychoeducational intervention has no significant effect on the development of complicated grief reactions, depression, and suicide risk factors among suicide survivors. The intervention may, however, serve as supportive counseling for suicide survivors.

Depression, suicidal ideation and suicide risk in German veterinarians compared with the general German population

2020 ◽  
Vol 186 (15) ◽  
pp. e2-e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Angelika Schwerdtfeger ◽  
Mahtab Bahramsoltani ◽  
Lena Spangenberg ◽  
Nina Hallensleben ◽  
Heide Glaesmer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German Population ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Age Range

BackgroundHigher rates of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide risk have been reported for veterinarians in various studies worldwide. This study investigates whether this is also true for German veterinarians.MethodsA total of 3.118 veterinarians (78.8 per cent female, mean age 41.3 years) between 22 and 69 years were included and compared with two general population samples of the same age range using the Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised and Patient Health Questionnaire.ResultsCurrent suicidal ideation was found in 19.2 per cent of veterinarians, compared with only 5.7 per cent in the general population. 32.11 per cent of veterinarians were classified with increased suicide risk, compared with 6.62 per cent in the general population. 27.78 per cent of veterinarians screened positive for depression, compared with 3.99 per cent of the general population.ConclusionThe study shows that veterinarians have an increased risk of depression and suicidal ideation and suicide risk compared with the general population in Germany. Similar to previous findings, the level of depression was higher among veterinarians than in the general population. However, this study does not explore causes for higher rates in depression, suicide risk and suicidal ideation. Since other studies strongly suggest specific risk factors lead to higher suicide risk and consequently elevated numbers of completed suicides, future research should focus on identifying and preventing causes.

Relationship Satisfaction and Risk Factors for Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Till ◽  
Ulrich S. Tran ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Conflicts ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Abstract. Background: Previous studies suggest that troubled romantic relationships are associated with higher risk factors for mental health. However, studies examining the role of relationship satisfaction in suicide risk factors are scarce. Aims: We investigated differences in risk factors for suicide between individuals with high relationship satisfaction, individuals with low relationship satisfaction, and singles. Furthermore, we explored patterns of experiencing, and dealing with, conflicts in the relationship and examined associations with suicide risk factors. Method: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed relationship status, relationship satisfaction, specific types of relationship conflicts, and suicide risk factors (i.e., suicidal ideation, hopelessness, depression) with questionnaires among 382 individuals in Austria. Results: Risk factors for suicide were higher among singles than among individuals in happy relationships, but lower among those with low relationship satisfaction. Participants reporting a high number of unsolved conflicts in their relationship had higher levels of suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and depression than individuals who tend to solve issues with their partner amicably or report no conflicts. Conclusion: Relationship satisfaction and relationship conflicts reflect risk factors for suicide, with higher levels of suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and depression reported by individuals who mentioned unsolved conflicts with their partner and experienced low satisfaction with their relationship.

scholarly journals Pre-pandemic suicidal ideation and preventive behavior during COVID-19: A prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Sueki ◽  
Michiko Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

Background: Cross-sectional studies have shown associations between suicide risk factors and COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Aims: We investigated the impact of suicidal ideation on COVID-19 preventive behaviors to augment literature focused on suicide risk factors and COVID-19 preventive health measures. Significant findings may reveal factors that explain dangerous behavior and inspire policy to mitigate negative health outcomes. Method: This study used a prospective observational longitudinal design (n = 6683). A baseline survey (January 24, 2020 = before COVID-19 pandemic, T1) and a follow-up survey (between April 27 and April 30, 2020 = during COVID-19 pandemic, T2) were conducted among the general adult population in Japan. Results: Adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors, high suicidal ideation at T1 was associated with significantly low levels of engagement in COVID-19 preventive behaviors at T2. Limitations: As this was an Internet survey and contained selection bias, the sample may not be representative of the general population in Japan. Pandemic severity may impact results in other geographies, reducing the applicability of study findings. Conclusion: Individuals with strong suicidal ideation before the pandemic were less likely to engage in COVID-19 preventive behaviors. These individuals are at risk not only for suicide but also for infectious disease.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

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