The Influence of the Weather on Affective Experience

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisi Kööts ◽  
Anu Realo ◽  
Jüri Allik
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Multilevel Random Coefficient Modeling ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between affective experiences and weather variables using an experience-sampling method. The moderating effects of personality and age on the relationship were also investigated. Two age groups of participants (students and elderly people) recorded their moods when signalled during 14 consecutive days on 7 randomly determined occasions per day. Hourly weather data (temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, and luminance) for the same period were obtained from the local weather station. Previously participants had completed the Estonian versions of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory ( Kallasmaa, Allik, Realo, & McCrae, 2000 ) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule ( Allik & Realo, 1997 ). Multilevel random coefficient modeling analyses showed that momentary ratings of positive and negative affect were weakly related to temperature, positive affect was also related to sunlight. However, momentary ratings of fatigue showed a distinct tendency for greater incidence of sleepiness in the cold and dark. Age group was one of the most important moderators of the weather-emotion models. The influence of weather on emotions interacted with being outdoors. Personality traits also explained a small portion of variance in the influence of weather on affective states.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Negative Affect and Reported Cognitive Failures

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabitha W. Payne ◽  
Michael A. Schnapp
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Cognitive Failures Questionnaire ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to expand our understanding of the range of negative affect associated with reported problems with everyday functions and activities, measured by the cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ). Evidence from previous research indicates that individuals meeting criteria for mood disorders, such as major depression or seasonal affective disorder, experience cognitive deficits in memory and attention that can lead to problems with everyday activities reported in the CFQ. The Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) was used to assess potential correlations with a wider range of negative emotions. Findings for a sample of 129 college students revealed that negative affective experiences were significantly correlated with failures of memory and attention on the CFQ (fear= .41,hostility= .38,sadness= .28, andguilt= .43). Conversely, positive affect was negatively correlated with distractibility (r=−.21). Additional affective scales on the PANAS (e.g.,shyness and fatigue) were also associated with higher reports of cognitive failures. The results provide converging evidence of a relationship between negative affective experiences and reported frequency of problems on the cognitive failures questionnaire.

The Retrospective Evaluation of Positive and Negative Affect

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Ganzach ◽  
Einat Yaor
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Positive Information ◽  
Memory Experience ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Net Affect

A vast amount of literature examined the relationship between retrospective affective evaluations and evaluations of affective experiences. This literature has focused on simple momentary experiences, and was based on a unidimensional concept of affect. The current article examines the relationships between evaluations of complex experiences, experiences involving both positive and negative feelings, and the retrospective evaluation of these experiences. Based on the idea that negative information is better remembered than positive information, we predict that in comparison with negative retrospective evaluations, positive evaluations have a stronger correlation with end affect and a weaker correlation with peak affect. These predictions are tested in two studies. We explore boundary conditions for these effects and demonstrate the implications of the asymmetry between positive and negative affect to various topics that are at the center of affect research: the dimensionality of affective experiences, the memory-experience gap, and the analysis of net affect.

The Layers of The Onion: The Impact of Satirical News on Affect and Online Sharing Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
Elise M. Stevens ◽  
Karen McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
News Story ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Affective States ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Social Sharing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The Onion is a satirical news site that has been growing in popularity over the last two decades. Based on theories in affect and social sharing, the current studies examined the impact of this online satirical news to understand its impact on affective states and online sharing. In Study 1, participants ( N = 147) either viewed a satirical or serious (frame) news story and then were asked about affective states and sharing behaviors. In Study 2, participants ( N = 143) viewed one of the two frames but on Instagram. In Study 1, results showed that serious news stories increased both positive and negative affect. Only positive affect mediated the relationship between frame and sharing. In Study 2, results showed that satirical Instagram posts were positively associated with negative affect, which mediated the relationship between frame and sharing. This study shows the important implications of online satirical news and illuminates how different platforms can affect audiences.

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic Restrictions in Italy. The Mediating Role of the Fear of COVID-19 in the Relationship between Positive and Negative Affect with Positive and Negative Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-710
Author(s):  
Andrea Zammitti ◽  
Chiara Imbrogliera ◽  
Angela Russo ◽  
Rita Zarbo ◽  
Paola Magnano
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Italy was quickly hit hard by the coronavirus. ‘Lockdown’ has significantly impacted the psychological health, personal wellbeing and quality of life of the people. The study aims to explore the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as positive (spiritual well-being and flourishing) and negative outcomes (psychological distress caused by a traumatic life event in terms of perception of PTSD symptoms) on Italian adults during the lockdown period. Data was collected between April and May 2020. The participants were 281 Italian adults aged between 18 and 73 years. The survey was composed of the following measures: Flourishing Scale, Jarel Spiritual Well-Being scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Impact of Event Scale—Revised, Fear of COVID-19. The mediational analysis shows that fear of COVID-19 fully mediates the relationship between negative affect and spiritual well-being and flourishing; fear of COVID-19 partially mediates the relationship between negative affect and PTSD symptoms; the positive affect shows only direct effects on positive outcomes. Therefore, fear of COVID-19 does not play any mediation role. Implications for psychological interventions and future research will be discussed.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT EQUIVALENCE OF THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE AFFECT SCHEDULE BETWEEN YOUNG-MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S705-S705
Author(s):  
Jeongwoo Lee ◽  
En-Jung Shon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Middle Aged

Abstract A Short form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS-SF) has been widely used to measure of affect in diverse cultural groups. Limited studies have been evaluated the measurement equivalence test of PANAS-SF in diverse age groups. This study examined whether parameters in the measurement model (two-factor model: positive and negative affect) is equivalent across the two age generations (young-middle aged: <65 years [n=1,122]; older adults : ≥65 years [n=1,817]). The sample was obtained from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study and Multiple Group Analysis was performed. The five items of determined, enthusiastic, inspired, alert, and excited reflected positive affect; and the five items of afraid, upset, scared, nervous, and distressed reflected negative affect. The configural model reported acceptable fit (X2= 904.98 [df = 64, p < .001], X 2/df =14.14, CFI =.93, GFI=.94, RMSEA=.06 [90% CI=.06 - .07]). When all factor loadings were constrained, it indicated measurement non-invariance status between young-middle aged and older adults (ΔX 2 = 56.03, Δdf = 8, p< .001, CFI=.93, ΔCFI=.004). Given findings of non-invariance on the full constrained model, the invariance test of each factor loading was performed additionally. Majority of negative items (Afraid, upset, scared, and nervous) and several positive items (determined and excited) were nonequivalent between the two groups. Variances in the measure between two age groups raise a number of issues for future research on affect assessment, suggesting cautious using of PANAS-SF in older adults.

scholarly journals Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes Disrupt the Feedback Loop of Affective States and Smoking Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1294-1300
Author(s):  
Jason D Robinson ◽  
George Kypriotakis ◽  
Mustafa Al’absi ◽  
Rachel L Denlinger-Apte ◽  
David J Drobes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Reduction Group ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nicotine Reduction

Abstract Introduction Smoking to reduce negative affect has been identified as a key motivational feature of tobacco use. Our recent work suggests that smoking very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes reduces the relationship between negative affect and smoking behavior over a 6-week period. Here, we sought to extend our findings by evaluating whether a gradual or immediate approach to switching to VLNC cigarettes led to a differential reduction in the relationship between affect and smoking behavior over a longer (20-week) period. Aims and Methods Participants (n = 1250) were adult smokers from 10 US sites randomized to one of three groups: gradual nicotine reduction (15.5, 11.7, 5.2, 2.4, and 0.4 mg of nicotine per gram of tobacco [mg/g]), immediate nicotine reduction (0.4 mg/g), or standard nicotine content cigarettes (15.5 mg/g; control), for 20 weeks. We examined whether the relationship between affect—both negative and positive—and cigarettes per day differed as a function of reduction group. Results We found that both negative and positive affect were associated with cigarette consumption in the control group, but not in the gradual or immediate reduction groups across the 20 weeks of exposure. Conclusions Our results extend previous findings that switching to VLNC cigarettes disrupts the relationship between affect and cigarette consumption by showing that either gradually or immediately reducing cigarette nicotine content achieves this disruption. These findings provide further evidence that switching to VLNC cigarettes reduces nicotine-related reinforcement of cigarette smoking. Implications These findings support the notion that switching to very low nicotine content cigarettes reduces the association between affect and smoking behavior, and that either a gradual or immediate nicotine reduction approach achieves this reduction. This provides further evidence that switching to very low nicotine content cigarettes weakens reinforcement mechanisms associated with nicotine dependence.

The Retrospective Independence of Positive and Negative Affect

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-488
Author(s):  
Yoav Ganzach ◽  
Einat Yaor ◽  
Talya Miron Shatz ◽  
Ben Bulmash ◽  
Doron Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Daily Affect ◽  
The Relationship

We examine independence in retrospective evaluations of positive and negative affect (PA and NA, respectively). Study 1 shows that the estimation of weekly PA and NA frequencies depends on the congruent daily affects but not on the incongruent daily affects (i.e., weekly PA [NA] depends on the daily PAs [NAs], but not on the daily NAs [PAs]). Study 2 replicates and extends the results of Study 1 by using a within- and between-subjects design as well as both frequency and intensity measures of affect, and by also examining the relationship between momentary and daily affect. Study 3 shows that daily PA and NA are affected by the existence of subjectively defined congruent peak affect and less by subjectively defined incongruent peak affect. We suggest a focusing bias account, according to which asking about positive [negative] affect focuses attention on positive [negative] experiences.

scholarly journals On the relationship between positive and negative affect: Their correlation and their co-occurrence.

Emotion ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff T. Larsen ◽  
Hal. E. Hershfield ◽  
Bradley J. Stastny ◽  
Neil Hester
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Attentive and emotional listening to music: The role of positive and negative affect

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Leipold ◽  
Tim Loepthien
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Cross Sectional

In a cross-sectional study, associations of global affect with two ways of listening to music – attentive-analytical listening (AL) and emotional listening (EL) – were examined. Based on a two-dimensional model of general affect, we focused on the degrees to which AL and EL are differentially correlated with positive and negative affect. In addition to bivariate relationships, the interactions between different states of general affect were tested. In Study 1, a sample of 1,291 individuals responded to questionnaires on listening to music, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA). We used the PANAS, which measures PA and NA as high arousal dimensions. AL was positively correlated with PA, EL with NA. Moderation analyses showed stronger associations between PA and AL when NA was low. Study 2 (N = 499 participants) differentiated between three facets of affect and focused, in addition to PA and NA, on the role of relaxation. Similar to the findings of Study 1, AL was correlated with PA, EL with NA and PA. Moderation analyses indicated that the degree to which PA was associated with an individual´s tendency to listen to music attentively depended on their degree of relaxation. In addition, the correlation between PA and EL was stronger for individuals who were more relaxed; for individuals who were less relaxed, the correlation between NA and EL was stronger. In sum, the results demonstrate not only simple bivariate correlations, but also that the expected associations vary, depending on the different affective states. We argue that the results reflect a dual function of listening to music, which includes emotional regulation and information processing.

scholarly journals Socially prescribed perfectionism and affectivity in Spanish child population

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
María Vicent ◽  
Cándido Inglés ◽  
Ricardo Sanmartín ◽  
Carolina Gonzálvez ◽  
Lucía Granados Alós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Affective Dimensions ◽  
Effect Magnitude

This study aims to analyze the relationship between Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP) and affect during childhood. A sample of 804 students aged between 8 and 11 years old (M=9.57; SD=1.12), as well as the SPP subscale of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale and the 10-Item Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children, which assess the Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA), were employed. The mean scores in PA and NA between students with high and low levels of SPP were compared. Students with high SPP significantly scored higher than their peers with low SPP, both in PA and NA. The effect magnitude of the found differences was small. Accordingly, the results of the logistic regression analysis revealed that both affective dimensions predicted positively and significantly high scores in SPP with Odd Ratio values of 1.08 and 1.05, respectively, for PA and NA. The results do not match the previous empirical evidence in adult and adolescent population. This implies that the consequences of considering the environment as demanding of perfectionism does not have the same consequences in childhood than in later ages.

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