scholarly journals Emotion Regulation and Defense Mechanisms

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nives Sala ◽  
Silvia Testa ◽  
Francisco Pons ◽  
Paola Molina
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Latent Dimension ◽  
The University

This study examined the relations between emotion regulation and defense mechanisms as assessed through self-report questionnaires. Participants were 314 undergraduate students at the University of Turin (Faculty of Agricultural Studies, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences and Faculty of Psychology). Correlational analysis identified several associations between emotion regulation strategies and defense mechanisms. A second-order factor model was tested in which each of the dimensions assessed by the defense mechanisms and emotion regulation instruments was assigned to either an adaptive or maladaptive latent dimension. The results suggested that the dimensions of adaptiveness and maladaptiveness may represent a key link between emotion regulation and defense mechanisms.

scholarly journals Examining the role of cognitive bias in emotion regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Usyatynsky
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Interpretation Bias ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Individuals experiencing depressive symptoms interpret ambiguous situations negatively and use helpful emotion regulation strategies less often than those without symptoms. Theory suggests these strategies are used less due to interference from negatively biased interpretations. This study examined whether interpretation bias interferes with emotion regulation by experimentally manipulating interpretations in a positive or negative direction. Method: Undergraduate students were randomly assigned to positive and negative bias training groups. Interpretation bias and emotion regulation questionnaires were completed before and after training. Results: The training succeeded in inducing bias change only for the positive group, and emotion regulation strategy use did not change in either group. Discussion: Interpretation bias was not found to affect emotion regulation. Possible explanations include: bias change in the positive group was not large enough to alter emotion regulation; the task eliciting emotion regulation was ill-suited for this study; and interpretation bias and emotion regulation are unrelated.

Emotion dysregulation, temperamental vulnerability, and parental depression in adolescents: Correspondence between physiological and informant-report measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Lotte Van Beveren ◽  
Sven C. Mueller ◽  
Caroline Braet
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Parental Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Responding ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Regulation Strategies

AbstractAlthough numerous studies reveal altered respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) among children, adolescents, and adults who exhibit emotion dysregulation, effects of temperamental vulnerability and parental mental health on RSA remain unclear. We evaluated the relationship among emotion regulation, RSA, and RSA reactivity in a pooled sample of 24 vulnerable and 31 resilient adolescents (mean age = 13.69 years; 60% girls), including associations with temperamental vulnerability and parental depressive symptoms. Participants watched a neutral film clip while their resting RSA was recorded, and then completed a reward and frustration task, using an affective Posner paradigm. Temperament and emotion regulation were assessed via self-report and parent report, and parents reported on their own depressive symptoms. Low resting RSA was associated with temperamental negative emotionality, whereas greater RSA reactivity to frustration was associated with maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. No significant relations were found between RSA and parental depressive symptoms. This study elucidates the role of RSA as a biomarker of individual differences in emotion dysregulation and temperamental vulnerability and stresses the importance of considering multiple units of analyses, as well as functional domains, when studying emotional responding and regulation in adolescents.

Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ)

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Jermann ◽  
Martial Van der Linden ◽  
Mathieu d'Acremont ◽  
Ariane Zermatten
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
French Version ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Cognitive Regulation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Regulation Strategies

The main purpose of this study was to validate a French version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). A sample of 224 young adults completed the French translation of the CERQ and the Beck Depression Inventory II. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that a nine-factor model also explained the data collected with the French version. Internal reliability scores for each strategy ranged from .68 to .87. As in the original version, we found that the emotion regulation strategies could be grouped into adaptive and less adaptive cognitive regulation strategies. In addition, we observed that Self-blame and Rumination are key cognitive regulation strategies predicting whether high or low depressive symptoms are reported.

Examining burnout in employed university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Schramer ◽  
Carolyn M. Rauti ◽  
Arief B. Kartolo ◽  
Catherine T. Kwantes
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Student Burnout ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The University

Purpose Burnout has been studied by organizational researchers for nearly 50 years (Maslach and Schaufeli, 2017; Schaufeli et al., 2009); however, little attention is given to burnout experienced by employed students who may be prone to the symptoms of burnout as they juggle multiple demanding roles. Burnout in employed students has previously been conceptualized as a bi-factor model consisting of three dimensions: general burnout, apathy and exhaustion (see Rauti et al., 2019 for further information). The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a novel and theoretically driven tool to assess burnout in employed students. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 239 employed undergraduate students from a university in southwestern Ontario completed an online survey which included the University of Windsor Employed Student Burnout Survey. Participants also completed six additional measures for scale validation purposes. Findings Confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-factor model of the employed student burnout scale: apathy toward employment, exhaustion toward employment, apathy toward academics and exhaustion toward academics. The findings also supported a bi-factor version of the four-factor model. Correlation analyses provided evidence for convergent and divergent validity. Originality/value The experience of burnout for employed students is unique as employed students balance the demands of work and school simultaneously. This research suggests that experiences of burnout from work and burnout from school may be distinct from one another and that burnout is context specific.

scholarly journals Emotion regulation difficulties in anorexia nervosa: associations with improvements in eating psychopathology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha Rowsell ◽  
Danielle E. MacDonald ◽  
Jacqueline C. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Intensive Treatment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Eating Psychopathology ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Core Deficit ◽  
Eating Disorder Psychopathology ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Background Difficulties with emotion regulation have been established as a core deficit in anorexia nervosa (AN). However, limited research has evaluated whether weight gain is associated with improvements in emotion regulation difficulties in AN and whether improvements in emotion regulation are associated with reductions in eating disorder psychopathology. The aims of this study were threefold: 1) to examine the nature and extent of emotion regulation difficulties in AN; 2) to determine whether these difficulties improved during intensive treatment for the eating disorder; and 3) to study whether improvements in emotion regulation were associated with improvements in eating disorder psychopathology. Method The participants were 108 patients who met DSM-IV-TR criteria for AN and were admitted to a specialized intensive treatment program. Self-report measures of eating disorder symptoms and difficulties with emotion regulation were administered at admission to and discharge from the program. Results Patients with the binge-purge subtype of AN reported greater difficulties with impulse control when upset and more limited access to emotion regulation strategies when experiencing negative emotions than those with the restricting subtype. Among those who completed treatment and became weight restored, improvements in emotion regulation difficulties were observed. Greater pre-to-post treatment improvements in emotional clarity and engagement in goal directed behaviours when upset were associated with greater reductions in eating disorder psychopathology during treatment. Conclusions These findings add to growing evidence suggesting that eating disorder symptoms may be related to emotion regulation difficulties in AN and that integrating strategies to address emotion regulation deficits may be important to improving treatment outcome in AN.

scholarly journals The cognitive emotion regulation strategies and defense mechanisms in the elite athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
Afrooz Mousavi ◽  
Mohammad VaezMousavi ◽  
Hamid Yaghubi ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Regulation Strategies

The costs and benefits of dampening of positive affect in youth

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Estee M. Hausman
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Mental Health Clinics ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Regulation Strategies

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The main goals of the current study were to a) extend the literature on dampening, or positive emotion regulation strategies, affective, cognitive, and behavioral, used to decrease the frequency, intensity, or duration of PA, in youth by examining correlates of dampening and b) investigate the conditions under which youths' dampening may be adaptive and maladaptive personally and socially for youth. In order to accomplish this goal, it was first necessary to develop a measure of dampening situationally; thus, development and validation of a new self-report measure of dampening (i.e., the Children's Responses to Everyday Positive Events; CREPE) was a preliminary goal of this study as well. The CREPE was investigated in a sample of typically developing youth, ages 12-15 (N=137). Participants were recruited through paper flyers posted at public libraries, cafes, and mental health clinics in the Central Missouri community and electronic flyers posted on Craigslist and sent through school and university newsletters. Youth completed measures of positive emotion regulation strategies, affect, anxiety, depression, externalizing symptoms, social competence, and life satisfaction in an online survey. Results indicated that youth dampen both cognitively and behaviorally consistently across situations, both of which are maladaptive, not adaptive. However, cognitive, not behavioral, dampening added to the prediction of higher depression. Sex differences in dampening and in its relationships to depression were also explored. Implications for future research and for intervention targeting dampening are discussed.

scholarly journals Association between Emotion Dysregulation and Distinct Groups of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Taiwanese Female Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3361
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Chun
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Background: Previous studies revealed that female adolescents are more likely than males to engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) to regulate negative emotions; however, the dimensions of emotion regulation that are associated with NSSI behavior in adolescents require further examination. The present study aimed to identify Taiwanese female adolescent clusters with NSSI engagement frequency and to evaluate the association of specific forms of emotion dysregulation with NSSI. Methods: The participants were 438 female adolescents (mean age = 15.23 years, SD = 1.24, range between 13 and 18) recruited from 11 high schools. Self-report questionnaires assessing NSSI, difficulties in emotion regulation, and positive and negative affect were administered, and 37% of respondents reported a history of NSSI. Results: The analysis of NSSI frequency yielded three groups: severe, moderate, and non-NSSI. High negative affect, low positive affect, and difficulties in all aspects of emotion regulation differentiated female adolescents in the severe NSSI group from their counterparts in the non-NSSI group. The moderate and severe NSSI groups were further distinguished by age of onset, negative affect, emotion regulation strategies, and impulse control. Adolescents classified in the severe group reported earlier onset of NSSI, higher negative affect, less emotion regulation strategies, and more difficulty with impulse control. Conclusions: The results indicate that assessments of NSSI and emotion regulation should be incorporated in youth mental health screening. The clinical implications of NSSI behavior intervention require further discussion.

scholarly journals Believing emotions are uncontrollable is linked to eating disorder psychopathology via suppression and reappraisal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vuillier ◽  
Jemma Joseph ◽  
Matthew P. Somerville ◽  
Amy Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Eating Psychopathology ◽  
Eating Disorder Psychopathology ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective Research suggests that beliefs about emotional controllability influence the use of emotion regulation strategies, which in turn impact psychological health and illness. However, no research has yet investigated whether emotional controllability is linked to eating psychopathology. The current study investigates whether these concepts are related, as individuals with eating disorders have problems with emotion regulation. Method We collected self-report data from 718 participants from a community sample using validated questionnaires, and ran mediational analyses to assess the relationship between emotional controllability and eating psychopathology, via reappraisal and suppression, two emotion regulation strategies. Results Our mediational analyses suggest that believing emotions to be uncontrollable relates to high levels of suppression (β = −.08), low levels of reappraisal (β = .19) and poorer eating disorder psychopathology (β = −.11). Reappraisal and suppression were found to partially mediate the relationship between emotional controllability and eating psychopathology. Discussion The current study has demonstrated relationships that support investigations relating emotional controllability, emotion regulation and psychological health. This research has potential implications for developing interventions to target beliefs about emotions in order to help improve emotion regulation skills and eating psychopathology.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNED HELPLESSNESS AND ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION AMONG UNDERGRADUATES OF UNIVERSTY OF LAGOS

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
Sylvester Ororume ATIRI ◽  
◽  
Titilayo ONOFUYE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Academic Procrastination ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Instruments ◽  
The University

The study examined learnt helplessness on academic procrastination among undergraduate students in the University of Lagos, with the aim of determining the influence of learned helplessness on academic procrastination. It also examined sex differences in academic procrastination. The study involved a cross sectional survey of 250 undergraduates, 125 females and 125 males. A paper and pencil self-report research protocol that, included questions that requested the bio-data of those involved in the study and two standardized Psychological instruments namely; The Learned helplessness scale (LHS), and the General Procrastination Scale (GPS) was used to gather data. The finding of the study shows that, a significant positive relationship exists between academic procrastination and learned helplessness (r= 0.295, p= 0.000, p< 0.01, 2 tailed). The finding also, shows, no significant sex difference on the level of academic procrastination among female and male students (t= -2.022, p= 0.044, p> 0.05). This implies that neither the male or female respondents reported a higher level of academic procrastination. The study concluded that, learned helplessness influences academic procrastination among undergraduate students.

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