Caffeine attenuates vasovagal reactions in female first-time blood donors.

Introduction: A crucial component of the effort to meet the growing demand for blood is the recruitment and retention of young novice blood donors. Reducing postdonation syncopal reactions could have a beneficial impact on donor convenience, safety, and desire to donate again. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of predonation hydration over standard blood donation in the prevention or decrease in severity of postdonation Vasovagal Reactions (VVR) in hydrated blood donors in comparison with the non hydrated group. Materials and Methods: The randomised controlled trial was conducted on 953 first time voluntary blood donors. Donors in the intervention arm drank 250 mL water 30 minutes before blood donation, while those in the control group did not receive any intervention. Blood was collected by standard protocol. Outcome, VVR, if present was graded as mild, moderate, and severe. Analysis of results were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. A sensitivity analysis was also done to consider the dropouts from the study. Results: A total of 900 participants were included in the study, of which 443 were controls and 457 were cases. An effect size of 6.1%, a Relative Risk (RR) of 0.54 {95% Confidence Interval (CI)=0.36-0.81} and a risk reduction of 45% was arrived at, pointing to a protective role for predonation hydration in preventing VVR. There was a significant reduction in the severity of VVR in the predonation hydration group compared to the standard blood donation group (p-value=0.002). The protective effect of hydration on decreasing the occurrence and severity of VVR had statistical support in males in the moderate and severe grades (p-value=0.017). A similar statistical significance was not established in females (p-value=0.173). Sensitivity analysis did not reveal a difference in the statistical significance of variables between compared groups. Conclusion: Predonation hydration was found to be effective in preventing and decreasing the severity of VVR in novice blood donors.

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SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i8.495 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Anusha P ◽

Bankar Nandkishor J ◽

Karan Jain ◽

Ramdas Brahmane ◽

Dhrubha Hari Chandi

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Blood Bank ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

The World ◽

First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

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Sero-epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, and syphilis infections among first-time blood donors in Edéa, Cameroon

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2012.12.007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. e832-e837 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Jean Jacques N. Noubiap ◽

Walburga Yvonne A. Joko ◽

Jobert Richie N. Nansseu ◽

Ulrich Gaël Tene ◽

Christian Siaka

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Virus Hepatitis ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

First Time

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Fear is associated with attrition of first‐time whole blood donors: A longitudinal examination of donor confidence and attitude as potential mediators

Transfusion ◽

10.1111/trf.16671 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher R. France ◽

Janis L. France ◽

Lina K. Himawan ◽

Louisa Duffy ◽

Debra A. Kessler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Blood Donors ◽

First Time ◽

Longitudinal Examination

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Sex- and Age-Specific Carriers of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Japan Estimated by the Prevalence in the 3,485,648 First-Time Blood Donors during 1995–2000

Intervirology ◽

10.1159/000076640 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 32-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 128

Author(s):

Junko Tanaka ◽

Junko Kumagai ◽

Keiko Katayama ◽

Yutaka Komiya ◽

Masaaki Mizui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

First Time

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Prevalence of transfusion-transmissible viral infections in first-time US blood donors by donation site

Transfusion ◽

10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00399.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 705-712 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

B. Wang ◽

G.B. Schreiber ◽

S.A. Glynn ◽

C.C. Nass ◽

J.W. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Donors ◽

Viral Infections ◽

First Time

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Blood Transfusion Service and Hospital Blood Rotation: The Implications on Transfusion Safety in Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.107 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

O D Damulak ◽

E D Jatau ◽

E Ekam ◽

E Rumji ◽

R Yakubu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Diagnostic Test ◽

Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

High Rate ◽

Blood Transfusion Service ◽

First Time

Blood donation is not readily an altruistic sacrifice in sub-Saharan Africa where microbial infections, maternal haemorrhages, malaria and other tropical diseases that frequently require blood transfusion are daily diagnoses. Blood transfusion safety is hindered by the combined prevailing high rate of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) and poor screening techniques. This study determined the rate of Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) positive reactions to transfusion-transmissible infections in rapid diagnostic test negative family replacement blood units, compared to the first time voluntarily donated blood. We studied records of blood units collected in a tertiary hospital from donors who scaled pre-donation Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) screening for the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and syphilis and rescreened by ELISA techniques at the National Blood Transfusion Service Centre in Jos, along with units from first-time voluntary blood donors. A total of 19562 blood units; 5945 (30.39%) rapid diagnostic tests negative from a linkage hospital and 13617 (69.61%) from first time voluntary donors were screened by ELISA methods for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis. The overall TTIs detected by ELISA was 16.08%, significantly lower among pre-donation rapid screened family replacement blood donors [495(8.32%)] compared to 2651 (19.47%) among first-time voluntary donors; P=0.0001. Fifty-seven (0.96%) HIV, 166 (2.79%) HBV, 137 (2.31%) HCV and 137 (2.31%) syphilis were still detected respectively by ELISA in the pre-screened negative family replacement blood units. The outcome of ELISA screenings of blood collected from first-time volunteer donors were; 143 (1.05%) HIV, 1,486 (10.91%) HBV, 683 (5.02%) HCV, and 339 (2.49%) syphilis. Blood for transfusion should be screened negative at least with ELISA.

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Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in first-time blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás, central Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia ◽

10.5581/1516-8484.20110013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 38-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giulena Rosa Leite Cardoso dos Anjos ◽

Regina Maria Bringel Martins ◽

Megmar Aparecida dos Santos Carneiro ◽

Sandra Maria Brunini ◽

Sheila Araujo Teles

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽

Central Brazil ◽

B Virus ◽

First Time

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Human pegivirus (HPgV, GBV-C) RNA in volunteer blood donors from a public hemotherapy service in Northern Brazil

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-020-01427-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aniel de Sarom Negrão Silva ◽

Clayton Pereira Silva ◽

Rafael Ribeiro Barata ◽

Pedro Victor Reis da Silva ◽

Patrícia Danin Jordão Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Color ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Genome Characterization ◽

Pathogenic Virus ◽

Genotype 2 ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

Contaminated Blood ◽

First Time

Abstract Background Human pegivirus (HPgV)—formerly known as GBV-C—is a member of the Flaviviridae family and belongs to the species Pegivirus C. It is a non-pathogenic virus and is transmitted among humans mainly through the exposure to contaminated blood and is often associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, among other viruses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HPgV viremia, its association with HIV and clinical epidemiological factors, as well as the full-length sequencing and genome characterization of HPgV recovered from blood donors of the HEMOPA Foundation in Belém-PA-Brazil. Methods Plasma samples were obtained from 459 donors, tested for the presence of HPgV RNA by the RT-qPCR. From these, a total of 26 RT-qPCR positive samples were submitted to the NGS sequencing approach in order to obtain the full genome. Genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis were conducted. Results The prevalence of HPgV was 12.42%. We observed the highest prevalences among donors aged between 18 and 30 years old (16.5%), with brown skin color (13.2%) and men (15.8%). The newly diagnosed HIV-1 prevalence was 26.67%. The HPgV genotype 2 (2a and 2b) was identified. No data on viral load value was found to corroborate the protective effect of HPgV on HIV evolution. Conclusions This study provided information regarding the HPgV infection among blood donors from HEMOPA Foundation. Furthermore, we genetically characterized the HPgV circulating strains and described by the first time nearly complete genomes of genotype 2 in Brazilian Amazon.

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