Stimulus-Person Questionnaire

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica A. Landolt ◽  
Martin L. Lalumière ◽  
Vernon L. Quinsey
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Person Questionnaire

Inferential Sets and Person Perception: A Partial Replication and Extension

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mc Call ◽  
Gordon Rae
Keyword(s):  
Person Perception ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Partial Replication ◽  
Female Stimulus ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Male Stimulus ◽  
Adjective Pair ◽  
Two Independent Variables

203 female Ss read a short case-study and a group of related questions. They were then required to complete a 12 adjective-pair semantic differential indicating their dispositional judgments of the stimulus person in the narrative. Two independent variables were manipulated, the sex of the stimulus person and the group of questions asked. One group of questions was intended to induce a situation-matching set and the other a causal-genetic set. Ss in the situation-matching group rated the male stimulus person more hard ( p < .05), more bold ( p < .01), and less emotional ( p < .05) than Ss in the causal-genetic group. In the case of the female stimulus person Ss in the situation-matching group perceived her as more bold ( p < .05). Differences due to sex alone were found only for the situation-matching groups who perceived the female stimulus person as less hard ( p < .05) and less rugged ( p < .01) than the male.

Prototypical Person Questionnaire

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira K. Moss ◽  
Irene Hanson Frieze
Keyword(s):  
Person Questionnaire

scholarly journals Breastfeeding, ovulatory years, and risk of multiple sclerosis

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Langer-Gould ◽  
Jessica B. Smith ◽  
Kerstin Hellwig ◽  
Edlin Gonzales ◽  
Samantha Haraszti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Cumulative Duration ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Person Questionnaire

Objective:To determine whether women who breastfeed their infants longer or have fewer ovulatory years are at lower risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS).Methods:We recruited women with newly diagnosed MS or its precursor, clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) (n = 397), and matched controls (n = 433) into the MS Sunshine Study from the membership of Kaiser Permanente Southern California. A structured in-person questionnaire was administered to collect the behavioral (pregnancies, breastfeeding, hormonal contraceptive use) and biological (age at menarche and menopause, amenorrhea) factors to make up ovulatory years.Results:Among women who had live births, a cumulative duration of breastfeeding for ≥15 months was associated with a reduced risk of MS/CIS (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28–0.77; p = 0.003 compared to 0–4 months of breastfeeding). Being ≥15 years of age at menarche was also associated with a lower risk of MS/CIS (adjusted OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.33–0.96; p = 0.035). Total ovulatory years and the remaining factors that determine it, including gravidity, parity, episodes of amenorrhea, and hormonal contraceptive use, as well as age at first birth, showed no significant association with the risk of MS/CIS.Conclusions:Mothers who breastfeed longer may be at lower subsequent risk of developing multiple sclerosis. This is consistent with the other known maternal health benefits of breastfeeding and with our previous observation that women with MS who breastfeed exclusively are at lower risk of postpartum relapses.

scholarly journals The Attitudes of Internal Auditors to Internal Audit Practice in Post-communist Countries - Case of Albania

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Mustafa Uc ◽  
Dritan Shehu
Keyword(s):  
Internal Audit ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Quality Work ◽  
Internal Auditors ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
Person Questionnaire

This paper aims to reveal the attitudes of internal auditors, towards overall internal audit practices in the post-communist country of Albania. The study presents the current state of internal audit practices in Albania from eyes of the internal auditors themselves. The study will explore the independence of the internal auditors, the level of professionalism they exhibit, the use of international standards, and whether current regulations are resulting in higher quality work in the profession. In order to study these objectives, a 169-person questionnaire was conducted, all participants where internal auditors from public and private sectors in Albania. The research findings of the study reveal that internal auditors can be assessed as independent in Albania, and that the private sector is the most independent. Regarding professionalism, internal auditors are able to detect and prevent fraud in companies. In this paper, we examine the international standards of auditing that are used by Albanian auditors; the international standards are really useful for internal auditors in Albania, even though there is much room for improvement. The number of participants was limited of 169 and analyzed one country. For the future researches questionnaire can be conducted more than one country to have comparative analysis. One improvement needed is the adaptation of the international standards in national regulations. This will make the international standards easier to apply and understand the standards in Albania.

The Princess and the Nice Frog: Study in Person Perception

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hartnett ◽  
Donna Elder
Keyword(s):  
Person Perception ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Attractive Female ◽  
Favorable Light ◽  
Attractive Male

The present study investigated how individuals are perceived as a function of their association with others. An unattractive male was perceived in a more favorable light when he was paired with an attractive female than with an unattractive female. An attractive female was liked more when she was associated with an unattractive male than when she was paired with an attractive male. Results are interpreted in terms of the sex of the stimulus person and the sex of the perceiver.

RACE AND PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS AS CRITERIA FOR WHITE SUBJECTS' DATING CHOICES

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bem. P. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
White Male ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Female Subjects

Research involving race as a criterion for various social choices indicates that race may rival attractiveness for the determination of dating choices. This possibility was explored in two experiments involving “desirability for a date” ratings of black and white stimulus persons who varied in attractiveness. Experiment 1 results indicated that white male and female subjects gave appreciable weight to race and attractiveness, but females gave race more weight than attractiveness, while attractiveness was given more weight than race by males. The interaction between race and attractiveness had approximately the same form for males and females: attractive black stimulus persons were lumped together with unattractive stimulus persons.Female subjects in Experiment 2, who were informed about an opportunity to date a stimulus person of their choice before seeing slides of stimulus persons, tended to discount attractiveness as a criterion for choices. None of these subjects were willing to accept an actual date. It was noted that race may be a stronger rival to attractiveness relative to the more abstract factors with which attractiveness has been compared, because race, like attractiveness, is highly concrete and visible.

Adjustment Differences Related to Pattern of Rating of the other

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Bach
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Direction ◽  
Personality Adjustment ◽  
Support Factor ◽  
Different Levels

58 Ss divided into 29 pairs, 15 of whom were comprised of Ss of different levels of adjustment (Cattell's IPAT Anxiety Scale) and 14 of Ss of similar levels, rated the person with whom S interacted in terms of what he “appeared to be” and what he “really was.” The hypothesis that the perceived difference between “real” and apparent levels of personality contributes to differences between adjusted and maladjusted behavior received support. Factor analysis of rs of S‘s ratings indicated a tendency for maladjusted Ss to exhibit extremes in ratings on all factors and in a negative direction when the stimulus person was adjusted. Results indicated support for the notion that personality adjustment affects the perception of personality characteristics of the other person, suggesting a need for caution in the interpretation of ratings in experiments involving interpersonal perception.

PSYCHOLOGICAL MOTIVES AND DEFENSIVE PERSON PERCEPTION: A BRIEF HISTORICAL ACCOUNT AND A REVISED MODEL

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi Assor
Keyword(s):  
Person Perception ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Defensive Processing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Interactive Model ◽  
Hedonic Value ◽  
Future Outcomes

Three stages in the development of the theoretical framework which has guided research on motives and defensive person perception are described, beginning with a trait approach and ending in a process oriented interactive model. Then, in order to accommodate findings showing that threatening stimuli are often processed in a realistic rather than a defensive way, a revised interactive model is proposed as a fourth stage of conceptualization. According to the revised model, perceiver's motives lead to defensive person perceptions only if (a) the interaction of perceiver's motives with the attributes of the stimulus person and the situation produces emotional arousal in the perceiver; and (b) the perceiver assumes that defensive processing of information related to the stimulus person has higher hedonic value than realistic processing. The following factors are proposed as determinants of the hedonic value and the relative intensity of realistic versus defensive processing: (a) the degree to which the stimulus is objectively linked with the perceiver's personal future outcomes; (b) the clarity of this hedonic link; (c) perceiver's ability to perceive negative hedonic links; (d) hope that realistic processing will help to obtain desired future outcomes; (e) potency of present negative feelings produced by the stimulus; and (f) personality factors affecting the intensity of emotional arousal or the capacity to tolerate and control emotional arousal. According to the revised model, defensive effects of motives on person perception are likely to occur primarily outside the laboratory, in the context of lasting and meaningful interpersonal relations.

Effect of Sex, Inferred Sex-Role and Occupational Sex-Linkage on Perceptions of Occupational Success

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Person Perception ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Sex Linkage ◽  
Occupational Success ◽  
Female Stimulus ◽  
Sex Role Stereotyping ◽  
First Impression ◽  
Male Subjects

In a 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 (subject's sex, stimulus-person's sex, stimulus-person's sex-role as inferred from sex-related clothing, and stimulus-person's sex-linked occupation) complete factorial between-subjects experiment, 120 female and 120 male subjects viewed a slide of either a male or female stimulus-person wearing either masculine or feminine clothing. Stimulus persons were also said to be employed in either a masculine, feminine, or sex-neutral occupation. Subjects then recorded their first impressions of the stimulus-person on a person-perception questionnaire. Analysis indicated that persons wearing masculine clothing were perceived as more successful in their occupations than persons wearing feminine clothing for both the masculine and feminine (business) occupations. No differences were found for persons in the sex-neutral occupation. Additional analyses are discussed and conclusions drawn regarding the effect of clothing in sex-role stereotyping in first-impression situations.

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