Neonatal intermittent hypoxia, fish oil, and/or antioxidant supplementation on gut microbiota in neonatal rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Bodkin ◽  
Charles L. Cai ◽  
Alex Manlapaz-Mann ◽  
Ghassan Mustafa ◽  
Jacob V. Aranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation

scholarly journals Intermittent hypoxia inhibits mandibular cartilage growth with reduced TGF-β and SOX9 expressions in neonatal rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kochakorn Lekvijittada ◽  
Jun Hosomichi ◽  
Hideyuki Maeda ◽  
Haixin Hong ◽  
Chidsanu Changsiripun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

AbstractIntermittent hypoxia (IH) has been associated with skeletal growth. However, the influence of IH on cartilage growth and metabolism is unknown. We compared the effects of IH on chondrocyte proliferation and maturation in the mandibular condyle fibrocartilage and tibial hyaline cartilage of 1-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were exposed to normoxic air (n = 9) or IH at 20 cycles/h (nadir, 4% O2; peak, 21% O2; 0% CO2) (n = 9) for 8 h each day. IH impeded body weight gain, but not tibial elongation. IH also increased cancellous bone mineral and volumetric bone mineral densities in the mandibular condylar head. The mandibular condylar became thinner, but the tibial cartilage did not. IH reduced maturative and increased hypertrophic chondrocytic layers of the middle and posterior mandibular cartilage. PCR showed that IH shifted proliferation and maturation in mandibular condyle fibrocartilage toward hypertrophic differentiation and ossification by downregulating TGF-β and SOX9, and upregulating collagen X. These effects were absent in the tibial growth plate hyaline cartilage. Our results showed that neonatal rats exposed to IH displayed underdeveloped mandibular ramus/condyles, while suppression of chondrogenesis marker expression was detected in the growth-restricted condylar cartilage.

scholarly journals Comparison of coenzyme Q10 or fish oil for prevention of intermittent hypoxia-induced oxidative injury in neonatal rat lungs

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D’Agrosa ◽  
Charles L. Cai ◽  
Faisal Siddiqui ◽  
Karen Deslouches ◽  
Stephen Wadowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Oxidative Injury ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Antioxidant Systems

Abstract Background Neonatal intermittent hypoxia (IH) results in oxidative distress in preterm infants with immature antioxidant systems, contributing to lung injury. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and fish oil protect against oxidative injury. We tested the hypothesis that CoQ10 is more effective than fish oil for prevention of IH-induced lung injury in neonatal rats. Methods Newborn rats were exposed to two clinically relevant IH paradigms at birth (P0): (1) 50% O2 with brief hypoxia (12% O2); or (2) room air (RA) with brief hypoxia (12% O2), until P14 during which they were supplemented with daily oral CoQ10, fish oil, or olive oil from P0 to P14. Pups were studied at P14 or placed in RA until P21 with no further treatment. Lungs were assessed for histopathology and morphometry; biomarkers of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation; and antioxidants. Results Of the two neonatal IH paradigms 21%/12% O2 IH resulted in the most severe outcomes, evidenced by histopathology and morphometry. CoQ10 was effective for preserving lung architecture and reduction of IH-induced oxidative stress biomarkers. In contrast, fish oil resulted in significant adverse outcomes including oversimplified alveoli, hemorrhage, reduced secondary crest formation and thickened septae. This was associated with elevated oxidants and antioxidants activities. Conclusions Data suggest that higher FiO2 may be needed between IH episodes to curtail the damaging effects of IH, and to provide the lungs with necessary respite. The negative outcomes with fish oil supplementation suggest oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation.

Effects of Fish Oil with a High Content of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Mouse Gut Microbiota

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Ning Yu ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Wen-sheng Pan ◽  
Sheng-Rong Shen ◽  
Wei-Guang Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Mouse Gut Microbiota

Dietary Fish Oil Alters Rat Milk Composition and Liver and Brain Fatty Acid Composition of Fetal and Neonatal Rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 123 (10) ◽  
pp. 1703-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akie Yonekubo ◽  
Shyuji Honda ◽  
Mariko Okano ◽  
Kayoko Takahashi ◽  
Yoshiro Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Dietary Fish

scholarly journals Intrauterine Hypoxia Changed the Colonization of the Gut Microbiota in Newborn Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Sun ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Jiayu Song ◽  
Wei Mao ◽  
Kaihao Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intrauterine Hypoxia ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests a connection between the gut microbiota and neonatal diseases. Hypoxia may play an important role in the intestinal lesions in neonates.Objective: This study aims to determine whether the gut microbiota differs between intrauterine hypoxic rats and healthy controls and to identify the factors that influence the changes in the gut microbiota.Methods: We constructed an intrauterine hypoxia model in rats and collected the intestinal contents of intrauterine hypoxic newborn rats and normal newborn rats within 4 h and on the seventh day after birth. They were divided them into the intrauterine hypoxia first-day group (INH1), intrauterine hypoxia seventh-day group (INH7), normal first-day group (NOR1), and normal seventh-day group (NOR7). The contents of the intestines were sequenced with 16S rRNA sequencing, the sequencing results were analyzed for biological information, and the differences in the diversity, richness, and individual taxa among the groups were analyzed.Results: The abundance of the gut microbiota of neonatal rats with intrauterine hypoxia was higher than that of the control group rats. Intrauterine hypoxia altered the structural composition of the gut microbiota in neonatal rats. The INH1 group showed increased species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and β-diversity, and altered relative abundance in several taxa compared to those in the control group. The differences in the microbiota among the four groups were significantly higher than those within the group, and the differences in the abundance and diversity of the INH7 and NOR7 groups decreased after 7 days of suckling. Functional analysis based on the Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG) suggested that 23 functional COG categories. There was no significant difference in the functional categories between the hypoxia group and the normal group.Conclusion: Intrauterine hypoxia changed the initial colonization of the gut microbiota in neonatal rats. It could increase the species richness and β-diversity of the gut microbiota, and altered relative abundances of several taxa.

scholarly journals Modulation of the gut microbiota by the mixture of fish oil and krill oil in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0186216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Cui ◽  
Yanyan Li ◽  
Hang Gao ◽  
Hongyan Zhang ◽  
Jiaojiao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Krill Oil ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

scholarly journals Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy from Recurrent Intermittent Hypoxia Is Not Dependent on Resolution with Room Air or Oxygen, in Neonatal Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Beharry ◽  
Charles Cai ◽  
Jacqueline Skelton ◽  
Faisal Siddiqui ◽  
Christina D’Agrosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Oxygen Induced Retinopathy

scholarly journals Fish Oil Can Significantly Reshape Diet-Based Gut Microbiota in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Sun ◽  
Dan Chen ◽  
Yingyue Yang ◽  
Bei Tan ◽  
Changzhi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Proinflammatory Effect ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Abstract Background Studies have demonstrated the influence of diet on the gut microbiota, and recent evidence has revealed the beneficial effects of fish oil supplements on the gut microbiota. The goal of the present study was to investigate the influence of fish oil on diet-based gut microbiota changes in mice. Results AIN-93M significantly decreased the gut microbial diversity of mice, increasing the abundances of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides and decreasing the abundance of Odoribacter. In contrast, gut microbial diversity was maintained in mice fed a fish oil-intensive diet, where the Firmicutes: Bacteroidetes ratio was increased, the abundance of Parabacteroides was increased and that of Odoribacter was decreased. In contrast, the VSL#3 intervention had little influence on gut microbiota diversity, decreasing the abundance of Firmicutes. Conclusions AIN-93M can decrease gut microbiota diversity, which may be associated with a potential proinflammatory effect. Fish oil may have anti-inflammatory effects by restoring and maintaining microbial diversity.

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