No evidence for increased prevalence of colorectal carcinoma in 399 Dutch patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome

Abstract Background Previously, it has been suggested that colorectal polyps and carcinomas might be associated with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. We aimed to compare the occurrence of colorectal neoplasms between Dutch patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome and their relatives without Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. Methods In all, 399 patients with a pathogenic FLCN mutation and 382 relatives without the familial FLCN mutation were included. Anonymous data on colon and rectum pathology was provided by PALGA: the Dutch Pathology Registry. Results No significant difference in the percentage of individuals with a history of colorectal carcinoma was found between the two groups (3.6% vs 2.6%, p = 0.54). There was also no significant difference between the age at diagnosis, diameter, differentiation and location of the colorectal carcinomas. Significantly more individuals with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome underwent removal of colorectal polyps (12.2% vs 6.3%, p = 0.005). However, there was no significant difference between the number of polyps per person, the histology, grade of dysplasia and location of the polyps. Conclusion Our data do not provide evidence for an increased risk for colorectal carcinoma in Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, arguing against the need for colorectal surveillance. The difference in polyps might be due to a bias caused by a higher number of colonoscopies in patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome.

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Resistin -420C>G Promoter Variant and Colorectal Cancer Risk

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.5301/jbm.5000079 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 233-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Touraj Mahmoudi ◽

Khatoon Karimi ◽

Maral Arkani ◽

Hamid Farahani ◽

Mohsen Vahedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Gene Variants ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Gene Variant ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference

Purposes Obesity is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), and ghrelin (GHRL) and resistin (RETN) are thought to be related to obesity. Our aim was to investigate whether GHRL and RETN gene variants are associated with CRC risk. Materials and Methods All 414 subjects, including 197 cases with CRC and 217 controls, were genotyped for the GHRL (rs26802) and RETN (rs1862513) or -420C>G gene variants using the PCR-RFLP method. Results Our findings indicated that the RETN -420C>G “CC” genotype, compared with the “GG” and “GC” genotypes, was a marker of decreased CRC susceptibility; the difference remained significant after adjustment for age, BMI, gender, smoking status, NSAID use, and family history of CRC (p=0.020; OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.30-0.90). Furthermore, after adjustment for confounding factors, the -420C>G “CC” genotype, compared with the “GG” genotype, was associated with a decreased risk for CRC (p=0.044; OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.29-0.98). In addition, no significant difference was observed for the GHRL (rs26802) gene variant. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study suggesting that the RETN -420C>G “CC” genotype is a marker of decreased CRC susceptibility. This observation is relevant from a scientific perspective and deserves further investigations.

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Device complications with addition of defibrillation to cardiac resynchronisation therapy for primary prevention

Heart ◽

10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312546 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (18) ◽

pp. 1529-1535 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sérgio Barra ◽

Rui Providência ◽

Serge Boveda ◽

Rudolf Duehmke ◽

Kumar Narayanan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Prevention ◽

Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy ◽

Late Complications ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cardiac Resynchronisation ◽

Acute Complications ◽

Resynchronisation Therapy ◽

History Of

ObjectiveIn patients indicated for cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT), the choice between a CRT-pacemaker (CRT-P) versus defibrillator (CRT-D) remains controversial and indications in this setting have not been well delineated. Apart from inappropriate therapies, which are inherent to the presence of a defibrillator, whether adding defibrillator to CRT in the primary prevention setting impacts risk of other acute and late device-related complications has not been well studied and may bear relevance for device selection.MethodsObservational multicentre European cohort study of 3008 consecutive patients with ischaemic or non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy and no history of sustained ventricular arrhythmias, undergoing CRT implantation with (CRT-D, n=1785) or without (CRT-P, n=1223) defibrillator. Using propensity score and competing risk analyses, we assessed the risk of significant device-related complications requiring surgical reintervention. Inappropriate shocks were not considered except those due to lead malfunction requiring lead revision.ResultsAcute complications occurred in 148 patients (4.9%), without significant difference between groups, even after considering potential confounders (OR=1.20, 95% CI 0.72 to 2.00, p=0.47). During a mean follow-up of 41.4±29 months, late complications occurred in 475 patients, giving an annual incidence rate of 26 (95% CI 9 to 43) and 15 (95% CI 6 to 24) per 1000 patient-years in CRT-D and CRT-P patients, respectively. CRT-D was independently associated with increased occurrence of late complications (HR=1.68, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.23, p=0.001). In particular, when compared with CRT-P, CRT-D was associated with an increased risk of device-related infection (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.45, p=0.004). Acute complications did not predict overall late complications, but predicted device-related infection (HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.71 to 4.56, p<0.001).ConclusionsCompared with CRT-P, CRT-D is associated with a similar risk of periprocedural complications but increased risk of long-term complications, mainly infection. This needs to be considered in the decision of implanting CRT with or without a defibrillator.

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Comparison of heart rate recovery between normotensive young adults with and without a parental history of hypertension

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i3.27569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

Satyajit Bagudai ◽

Hari Prasad Upadhyay

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Young Adults ◽

Heart Rate Recovery ◽

Step Test ◽

Exercise Heart Rate ◽

Parental History ◽

Recovery Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference

Introduction: Studies have reported that off springs of hypertensive parents are more likely to develop hypertension. Affection of target organ starts even before the diagnosis of hypertension. Autonomic dysfunction may be the initial cardiac effects in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Till now very few studies have been done to find the early outcomes in the cardiac autonomic functions in the normotensive siblings of hypertensive patients. Heart rate recovery after exercise is a useful marker for cardiac autonomic function. Since the etio-pathogenesis of hypertension is expected to affect the autonomic cardiovascular parameters even before the prehypertensive stage, the following study was carried out to analyze the heart rate recovery, in the descendent non- hypertensive young adults with and without parental history of hypertension. Aim and objective: This research study was aimed to study the quantify and compare the difference (if any) of heart rate recovery in response to 3minute step test between non hypertensive children of non- hypertensive and hypertensive parents within an age group of 18-22 years. Material &Methods: A total of 63 normotensive students were divided into one hypertensive parents(HP) group containing students with parental history of hypertension) and one non hypertensive parents group (NHP) having students without parental history of hypertension). Each student was subjected to 3 minute Master step test. Recordings of heart rate were made before and after exercise. Heart rate recovery index (HRRI) of 1minute (HRRI1), as well as in 2, 3 and 4 minute (HRRI2, HRRI3, HRRI4) were calculated and analyzed. Results: The resting (basal) heart rate as well as 1st minute heart rate recovery index (HRRI1) was not significantly different in the two groups. Likewise, the 2nd minute (HRRI2), 3rd minute (HRRI3), and 4th minute HRRI (HRR4) respectively were also not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is no significant difference in heart rate recovery among non-hypertensive young adults, with and without parental history of hypertension.

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Comparison of Defined Course Doses (DCDvet) for Blanket and Selective Antimicrobial Dry Cow Therapy on Conventional and Organic Farms

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9100707 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 707 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Clair Firth ◽

Annemarie Käsbohrer ◽

Christa Egger-Danner ◽

Klemens Fuchs ◽

Beate Pinior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Health ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Point Of View ◽

Antimicrobial Use ◽

Organic Farms ◽

Controversial Subject ◽

Dry Cow Therapy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference

Antimicrobial use in livestock production is a controversial subject. While antimicrobials should be used as little as possible, it is still necessary, from both an animal health and welfare point of view, to treat infected animals. The study presented here aimed to analyse antimicrobial use on Austrian dairy farms by calculating the number of Defined Course Doses (DCDvet) administered per cow and year for dry cow therapy. Antimicrobial use was analysed by production system and whether farmers stated that they used blanket dry cow therapy (i.e., all cows in the herd were treated) or selective dry cow therapy (i.e., only cows with a positive bacteriological culture or current/recent history of udder disease were treated). A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was determined between antimicrobial use for blanket (median DCDvet/cow/year: 0.88) and selective dry cow therapy (median DCDvet/cow/year: 0.41). The difference between antimicrobial use on conventional and organic farms for dry cow therapy as a whole, however, was not statistically significant (p = 0.22) (median DCDvet/cow/year: 0.68 for conventional; 0.53 for organic farms). This analysis demonstrates that selective dry cow therapy leads to a lower overall use of antimicrobials and can assist in a more prudent use of antimicrobials on dairy farms.

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P747 Adherence to ECCO guidelines for cancer surveillance is associated to the detection of early cancer: A retrospective, single-centre, cohort study

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.875 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S598-S599

Author(s):

T L PARIGI ◽

G Roda PhD ◽

M Allocca ◽

F Furfaro ◽

L Loy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Early Cancer ◽

Cancer Surveillance ◽

Early Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are at increased risk of developing gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of malignancies in IBD patients and the impact of cancer screening according to the ECCO guidelines in a tertiary referral centre. Methods We retrospectively analysed the electronic database of all IBD patients followed by the IBD Centre of Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, from January 2010 to October 2019, and collected all new diagnoses of solid and haematological tumours since 2010. The annual standardised incidence rate (SIR), rate of mortality and early cancer diagnosis were calculated and a descriptive analysis of drug exposure, disease duration, family history of any cancer, smoking habits was made. Results We included 5239 patients, with a total 19820 patient-years follow-up. Eighty-four malignancies in 81 patients were retrieved, 71 were included in the final analysis (38 CD, 32 UC, 31 females). Average age at tumour diagnosis was 52.9 years (range 19–78). 64% of patients were former or active smokers, 31% had a family history of cancer or IBD. Sixty-two per cent of patients were previously exposed or had 5-ASA at the time of cancer, 40% azathioprine, 43% anti-TNF or vedolizumab. The annual SIR for all kinds of malignancy was 0.358%. GI malignancies were the most frequent (n = 17, 23.9%, 47% UC, 53% in CD). Six over 8 GI tract malignancies in UC patients were found in the colon or rectum (mean disease duration 22.5 years), whereas in CD patients 5/9 were in the small-bowel (mean disease duration 7.0 years). Melanoma and breast cancer (n = 8 each) were the most common non-GI cancers, followed by prostate (n = 7) and bladder (n = 6). No significant difference in incidence was found between CD or UC. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and leukaemia (3 and 1, respectively) only occurred in CD patients. Other tumours included thyroid (n = 5), lungs (n = 4), testicle (n = 3), ovary (n = 2), kidney (n = 2), head-nose-throat (n = 2), pancreas (n = 1), brain (n = 1), and non-melanoma skin cancer (n = 1). Death occurred in 11% of patients, 8 of them for late stage cancer. Only 2 were related to the concomitant IBD (1 colo-rectal and 1 anal cancer). In patients regularly screened according to the ECCO Guidelines (GI cancer, haematological and skin cancer), there was a significantly higher number of detection of early cancer (28 vs. 1, p = 0.003), although no differences in mortality rates were reported in the two groups (2 vs. 2, p = 0.10). Conclusion The overall incidence of cancer in our cohort was not different from the current literature available. Adherence to the ECCO Guidelines for cancer surveillance improves the detection of early cancer in IBD patients.

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Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) Pleuropneumoniae: Use of Coagglutination and Complement Fixation to Determine the Relationship between Presence of Organism and Antibody Titer in Slaughterhouse Pigs

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063878900100105 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 12-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lorraine J. Hoffman

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Disease ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Culture Method ◽

Respiratory Problems ◽

Conventional Culture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Positive Threshold ◽

Standard Culture ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference

The conventional culture method was compared to coagglutination for detection of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae in 425 sets of pig lungs. Sera from the same animals were evaluated for antibodies to A. pleuropneumoniae by the complement fixation (CF) test. All samples were collected at 2 packing plants in Iowa. In 2 nonvaccinated herds with no history of respiratory disease, the difference between standard culture results and coagglutination was highly significant ( P < 0.001). None of the 57 pigs in this group were positive for A. pleuropneumoniae by conventional culture, but 7 were positive by the coagglutination test. There were 15 animals with CF titers between 1:8 and 1:32. Animals from 6 herds vaccinated for A. pleuropneumoniae and without recent respiratory problems were evaluated. One out of 118 animals tested was positive for A. pleuropneumoniae by standard culture as compared to 9 positive by coagglutination. The difference in positive results between culture and coagglutination was highly significant ( P < 0.001). Twenty-eight animals had CF titers to A. pleuropneumoniae (1:4 to ≥ 1: 128). Two hundred fifty lungs and sera samples were collected from 7 herds which had recently experienced varying degrees of respiratory disease. Thirty-nine lungs were positive for A. pleuropneumoniae by culture and 182 were positive by coagglutination. The number of positives detected by coagglutination was significantly different ( P < 0.001) from the number positive by culture. There were 172 animals with antibody titers ranging from suspect to ≥ 1:128. There were significantly fewer positive animals detected by standard culture than with the CF test ( P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between coagglutination results and CF titers when a titer of 1:4 was used as the positive threshold.

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Readmissions for Depression and Suicide Attempt following Stroke and Myocardial Infarction

Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra ◽

10.1159/000509454 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 94-104

Author(s):

Laura K. Stein ◽

Alana Kornspun ◽

John Erdman ◽

Mandip S. Dhamoon

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Vascular Events ◽

Discharge Home ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

History Of Depression

Background and Purpose: Rates of depression after ischemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction (MI) are significantly higher than in the general population and associated with morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of nationally representative data comparing depression and suicide attempt (SA) after these distinct ischemic vascular events. Methods: The 2013 Nationwide Readmissions Database contains >14 million US admissions for all payers and the uninsured. Using International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification Codes, we identified index admission with IS (n = 434,495) or MI (n = 539,550) and readmission for depression or SA. We calculated weighted frequencies of readmission. We performed adjusted Cox regression to calculate hazard ratio (HR) for readmission for depression and SA up to 1 year following IS versus MI. Analyses were stratified by discharge home versus elsewhere. Results: Weighted depression readmission rates were higher at 30, 60, and 90 days in patients with IS versus MI (0.04%, 0.09%, 0.12% vs. 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.07%, respectively). There was no significant difference in SA readmissions between groups. The adjusted HR for readmission due to depression was 1.49 for IS versus MI (95% CI 1.25–1.79, p < 0.0001). History of depression (HR 3.70 [3.07–4.46]), alcoholism (2.04 [1.34–3.09]), and smoking (1.38 [1.15–1.64]) were associated with increased risk of depression readmission. Age >70 years (0.46 [0.37–0.56]) and discharge home (0.69 [0.57–0.83]) were associated with reduced hazards of readmission due to depression. Conclusions: IS was associated with greater hazard of readmission due to depression compared to MI. Patients with a history of depression, smoking, and alcoholism were more likely to be readmitted with depression, while advanced age and discharge home were protective. It is unclear to what extent differences in type of ischemic tissue damage and disability contribute, and further investigation is warranted.

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The comparison of USG measured cervical length in pregnant women with previous induced abortion versus those who have not had an induced abortion

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20194374 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 4024

Author(s):

Harshita Naidu ◽

Nivedita Hegde ◽

Anjali M. ◽

Rohini Kanniga ◽

Akhila Vasudeva

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Preterm Delivery ◽

Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽

Induced Abortion ◽

Cervical Length ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Delivery ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of

Background: The majority of women who undergo induced abortion are young and of low parity. Hence, it is desirable to look for any association effects of induced abortion with future reproductive outcomes. In this study, we aim to compare ultrasound measured cervical length in pregnant women with previous induced abortion versus those who have not had an induced abortion.Methods: This was a prospective observational study performed at tertiary care hospital. Total of 400 patients were recruited, divided into two groups. Patients with an induced abortion in previous pregnancy were included as cases and those with no history were taken as controls. Cervical length was measured by transvaginal ultrasound in all participants at 11-14, 18-22 and 28-32 weeks. Pregnancies were followed up to note incidence of spontaneous preterm delivery, preterm pre labour rupture of membranes (PPROM), threatened preterm, and second trimester miscarriage.Results: Authors have found that there was no significant difference in the cervical length of pregnant patients with or without a history of prior induced abortions. In our study authors found that mean cervical length at 11-14weeks, 18-22 weeks, and 28-32 weeks was 3.47±0.126cm and 3.48±0.195cm; 3.44±0.296cm and 3.49±0.182cm; 3.36±0.477cm and 3.42±0.310cm respectively among cases and controls. However, there was a demonstrably increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery, PPROM and threatened preterm in patients with a history of prior induced abortion.Conclusions: Authors conclude that previous induced abortion increases the risk of threatened preterm, PPROM, spontaneous preterm delivery in the subsequent pregnancy. But, this risk is not predictable by measuring cervical length as the mean cervical length remained the same in both the groups.

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The Difference of Bax Protein Expression between Endometrioma and Ovarian Carcinoma

Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.21705/mcbs.v3i2.50 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Chandran Frinaldo Saragih ◽

Riza Rivany ◽

Mohamad Fauzie Sahil ◽

Fadjrir Fadjrir ◽

Edy Ardiansyah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Ovarian Carcinoma ◽

Ovarian Endometriosis ◽

Bax Protein ◽

Apoptotic Protein ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Loss Control ◽

Expression Score

Background: Endometriosis is a benign disease that has malignant properties such as genetic polymorphism, loss control of cell proliferation, infiltration, and local spread or to distant places. Several endometriosis studies linking endometrioma/ ovarian endometriosis with an increased risk of ovarian malignancy give rise to a transformation phenomenon of endometriotic cysts into malignancy. Bax is a pro apoptotic protein whose expression decreases in a malignancy. This decrease is related to the poor prognosis of endometrioma and ovarian carcinoma. This study was aimed to identify the expression and the difference of Bax expression between endometrioma and ovarian carcinoma.Materials and Methods: Fifty of paraffin blocks of endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma (serous, mucinous, clear cell, and endometrioid type) were examined by immunohistochemical using Bondmax Full Automatic with specific monoclonal antibody to identify Bax expression. The difference of Bax expression score between endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma was tested by Mann-Whitney test with significant value was set at p<0.05.Results: This study found that mean Bax expression score in endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma was 3.88 and 3.72. No difference of Bax expression between endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma (p>0.05). No difference of Bax expression between the clinical stages and histopathological types of ovarian carcinoma (p>0.05).Conclusion: There are no statistically significant difference in Bax protein expression in ovarian cancer and endometrioma.Keywords: Bax expression, endometrioma, ovarian carcinoma, apoptotic resistance

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Study of the Association between Hypothyroidism and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v9i5-s.3604 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5-s) ◽

pp. 4-6

Author(s):

Anoop Uniyal ◽

Prashant Mathur ◽

Yogesh Joshi

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Thyroid Profile ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: In a prospective observational study, the hypothyroidism patients were evaluated for NAFLD using ultrasonography. The participant’s characteristics such as age, gender, thyroid profile, history of diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease (IHD) were recorded using a data gathering form. Results: A total of 51 participants were included in this study. From 51 participants, 47 (92.18%) individuals were females whereas 4 (7.82%) individuals were males. Out of 51 participants 27 individuals had NAFLD. There was statistically significant difference in FT4 levels with the participants with NAFLD. Conclusion: Results from this study suggested that low FT4 concentration is associated with increased risk of NAFLD. Keywords: Hypothyroidism, NAFLD, ultrasonography, FT4.

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