scholarly journals The vortex-driven dynamics of droplets within droplets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tiribocchi ◽  
A. Montessori ◽  
M. Lauricella ◽  
F. Bonaccorso ◽  
S. Succi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Area Fraction ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Dipolar Fluid ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Multi Body

AbstractUnderstanding the fluid-structure interaction is crucial for an optimal design and manufacturing of soft mesoscale materials. Multi-core emulsions are a class of soft fluids assembled from cluster configurations of deformable oil-water double droplets (cores), often employed as building-blocks for the realisation of devices of interest in bio-technology, such as drug-delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Here, we study the physics of multi-core emulsions flowing in microfluidic channels and report numerical evidence of a surprisingly rich variety of driven non-equilibrium states (NES), whose formation is caused by a dipolar fluid vortex triggered by the sheared structure of the flow carrier within the microchannel. The observed dynamic regimes range from long-lived NES at low core-area fraction, characterised by a planetary-like motion of the internal drops, to short-lived ones at high core-area fraction, in which a pre-chaotic motion results from multi-body collisions of inner drops, as combined with self-consistent hydrodynamic interactions. The onset of pre-chaotic behavior is marked by transitions of the cores from one vortex to another, a process that we interpret as manifestations of the system to maximize its entropy by filling voids, as they arise dynamically within the capsule.

scholarly journals Preparation of Pickering emulsions through interfacial adsorption by soft cyclodextrin nanogels

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2355-2364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shintaro Kawano ◽  
Toshiyuki Kida ◽  
Mitsuru Akashi ◽  
Hirofumi Sato ◽  
Motohiro Shizuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Pickering Emulsion ◽  
Surface Active Property ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Pickering Emulsions ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Interfacial Adsorption

Background: Emulsions stabilized by colloidal particles are known as Pickering emulsions. To date, soft microgel particles as well as inorganic and organic particles have been utilized as Pickering emulsifiers. Although cyclodextrin (CD) works as an attractive emulsion stabilizer through the formation of a CD–oil complex at the oil–water interface, a high concentration of CD is normally required. Our research focuses on an effective Pickering emulsifier based on a soft colloidal CD polymer (CD nanogel) with a unique surface-active property. Results: CD nanogels were prepared by crosslinking heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin with phenyl diisocyanate and subsequent immersion of the resulting polymer in water. A dynamic light scattering study shows that primary CD nanogels with 30–50 nm diameter assemble into larger CD nanogels with 120 nm diameter by an increase in the concentration of CD nanogel from 0.01 to 0.1 wt %. The CD nanogel has a surface-active property at the air–water interface, which reduces the surface tension of water. The CD nanogel works as an effective Pickering emulsion stabilizer even at a low concentration (0.1 wt %), forming stable oil-in-water emulsions through interfacial adsorption by the CD nanogels. Conclusion: Soft CD nanogel particles adsorb at the oil–water interface with an effective coverage by forming a strong interconnected network and form a stable Pickering emulsion. The adsorption property of CD nanogels on the droplet surface has great potential to become new microcapsule building blocks with porous surfaces. These microcapsules may act as stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and nanocontainers.

SINGLE CFA-BASED NICs WITH IMPEDANCE SCALING PROPERTIES

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALI ÜMIT KESKIN
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Current Feedback ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Feedback Amplifier ◽  
Current Feedback Amplifier ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Impedance Scaling ◽  
Impedance Converter

Negative impedance converter circuits (NICs) are important building blocks in design and manufacturing of analog and mixed mode integrated circuits. In this paper, a catalogue of single-current feedback amplifier-based negative impedance converter circuits having impedance scaling properties is proposed. Various examples are presented to illustrate the versatility of the proposed NIC circuits.

Binuclear complexes as tectons in designing supramolecular solid-state architectures

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1685-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Andruh
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Heterometallic Complexes ◽  
Binuclear Complexes ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
The One

Oligonuclear complexes as well as coordination polymers with various network topologies can be obtained by using homo- or heterobinuclear complexes as starting materials. These building blocks are stable complexes, where the metal ions are held together by compartmental ligands, or alkoxo-bridged Cu(II) species. The binuclear nodes can be connected through appropriate exo-dentate ligands, or through metal-containing anions (e.g., [M(CN)6]3-, M = CrIII, FeIII, CoIII). A rich variety of 3d-3d and 3d-4f heterometallic complexes, with interesting architectures and topologies of the spin carriers, has been obtained. A particular case is the one concerning the 3d-4f binuclear nodes. Following this strategy, we were able to obtain coordination polymers containing three different spin carriers (2p-3d-4f; 3d-3d'-4f).

scholarly journals Generalized Single Stage Class C Amplifier: Analysis from the Viewpoint of Chaotic Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Petrzela
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Cubic Polynomial ◽  
Signal Path ◽  
Class C ◽  
Lc Tank ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Bias Point ◽  
Stage Class ◽  
Simple Network

This paper briefly describes a recent discovery that occurred during the study of the simplest mathematical model of a class C amplifier with a bipolar transistor. It is proved both numerically and experimentally that chaos can be observed in this simple network structure under three conditions: (1) the transistor is considered non-unilateral, (2) bias point provides cubic polynomial feedforward and feedback transconductance, and (3) the LC tank has very high resonant frequency. Moreover, chaos is generated by an autonomous class C amplifier; i.e., an isolated system without a driving force is analyzed. By the connection of a harmonic input signal, much more complex behavior can be observed. Additionally, due to the high degree of generalization of the amplifier cell, similar fundamental circuits can be ordinarily found as subparts of typical building blocks of a radio frequency signal path.

Stable underwater superoleophobic conductive polymer coated meshes for high-efficiency oil–water separation

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (42) ◽  
pp. 33077-33082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingming Liu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Zhiguang Guo
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Conductive Polymers ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

Conductive polymers (such as polyaniline and polypyrrole) as hydrophilic building blocks are used for the construction of underwater superoleophobic films.

scholarly journals Attachment of composite porous supra-particles to air–water and oil–water interfaces: theory and experiment

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (38) ◽  
pp. 26495-26508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesselin N. Paunov ◽  
Hamza Al-Shehri ◽  
Tommy S. Horozov
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Theory And Experiment

We developed and tested a theoretical model connecting the wettabilities of fluid-infused porous supra-particles and their smaller particle building blocks at a fluid–liquid interface.

3-D broad‐band estimates of reflector dip and amplitude

Geophysics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt J. Marfurt ◽  
R. Lynn Kirlin
Keyword(s):  
Broad Band ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Radon Transforms ◽  
Multiple Signal Classification ◽  
Amplitude Data ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Made In

Estimates of seismic coherence of 3-D data sets have provided a radically new way of delineating detailed structural and stratigraphic features. Covariance matrices provide the natural formalism to extend the original three‐trace crosscorrelation algorithm to larger analysis windows containing multiple traces, thus providing greater fidelity in low signal‐to‐noise environments. By use of 3-D phase compensation using Radon transforms, we exploit advances made in the high‐resolution multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithms, originally developed for the defense industry. All three families of multitrace attributes (coherence, amplitude, and phase) are coupled through the underlying geology, such that we obtain three families of complimentary images of geologic features that result in lateral changes in wave form. The phase attributes of dip/azimuth and curvature allow us to image areas that have undergone folding or draping that can not be seen on coherence or amplitude images. The amplitude attributes allow us to image oil/water contacts or other areas of amplitude variation that may not be seen on coherence or dip/azimuth images. Coupled with coherence and the conventional seismic data, these new multitrace dip and amplitude data cubes can greatly accelerate the interpretation of the major features of large 3-D data volumes. At the reservoir scale, they will be of significant help in delineation of subtle internal variations of lithology, porosity, and diagenesis. In computer‐assisted interpretation, we strongly feel these new attributes will become the building blocks for the application of modern texture analysis and segmentation algorithms to the delineation of geologic features.

ON STRONG AND WEAK CHAOTIC PARTIAL SYNCHRONIZATION

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 179-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. MAISTRENKO ◽  
O. POPOVYCH ◽  
M. HASLER
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamical Systems ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Chaotic Synchronization ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Large Parameter ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Parameter Ranges ◽  
One Dimensional Maps

We study coupled nonlinear dynamical systems with chaotic behavior in the case when two or more (but not all) state variables synchronize, i.e. converge to each other asymptotically in time. It is shown that for symmetrical systems, such partial chaotic synchronization is usually only weak, whereas with nonsymmetrical coupling it can be strong in large parameter ranges. These facts are illustrated with systems of three coupled one-dimensional maps, for which a rich variety of different "partial chaotic synchronizing" phenomena takes place.

Cosmic Chemistry

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chambers ◽  
Jacqueline Mitton
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rocky Planets ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
The Universe

This chapter analyzes how humans owe their existence to the rich variety of chemical elements that exist in the universe. The solar system contains hydrogen to power the Sun; iron and silicon to build rocky planets; and carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen to form the building blocks of life. Almost 100 elements occur naturally in the solar system in varying amounts. Some, like hydrogen, oxygen, and iron, are abundant everywhere. Others, like gold, silver, and uranium, are much less common. The mixture of elements has remained almost constant since the solar system formed, apart from changes deep in the Sun's interior. The chapter shows how the composition of the solar system was shaped by events elsewhere in the universe dating back to the Big Bang itself.

Influence of Dissolved CO2 on Bubble Activity in Pulsed Acoustic Fields

2012 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Brems ◽  
Marc Hauptmann ◽  
Elisabeth Camerotto ◽  
Antoine Pacco ◽  
Herbert Struyf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Bubble Nucleation ◽  
Bubble Collapse ◽  
Wafer Surface ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Pressure Amplitude ◽  
Acoustic Fields ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The continuous miniaturization of electronic building blocks in the semiconductor industry imposes more stringent requirements on the different cleaning processes. Purely chemical particle cleaning is based on weak etching of the substrate. This etching reduces the attractive van de Waals interaction between particle and substrate and at the same time, electrostatic repulsion ensures the removal of particles. This technique is not applicable anymore for future technology nodes, since an unacceptable large substrate loss (up to 3 nm) is necessary to obtain high particle removal efficiencies with pure chemical cleaning alone [. As a result, an additional physical force has to be considered to overcome this limitation. Several physical cleaning techniques exist, but all of them suffer from too much damage creation when fragile structures are cleaned. Currently, the industry is more focusing on spray cleaning and state-of-the-art spray tools show a high control over droplet size and droplet velocity [2]. Despite all of the advancements in spray cleaning, damage creation of fragile elements remains an issue, which could partially be attributed to the chaotic behavior of the water layer on the wafer surface [3]. Therefore, megasonic cleaning is still considered as a possible alternative to reduce damage formation during a physical cleaning process. Recently, it has been shown that the acoustic pressure amplitude can be reduced while maintaining the same particle removal efficiency level. This is achieved by (1) using pulsed acoustic fields which makes it possible to control the average bubble size and maximize the number of resonant bubbles, by (2) increasing the dissolved gas concentration which facilitates bubble nucleation and, finally, by (3) introducing traveling waves to transport bubbles to the wafer surface which needs to be cleaned. These conditions are briefly discussed and are applied during the investigation of the influence of dissolved CO2on bubble activity. Dissolved CO2is particularly interesting since it has been reported that sonoluminescence (i.e. strong bubble collapse) as well as damage formation is reduced when CO2is added to the cleaning liquid [4,5]. Here, it is shown that also particle removal efficiencies (PREs) diminish with increasing CO2concentrations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document