scholarly journals Trophoblast glycoprotein is a marker for efficient sorting of ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic precursors derived from human pluripotent stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Eun Yoo ◽  
Dongjin R. Lee ◽  
Sanghyun Park ◽  
Hye-Rim Shin ◽  
Kun Gu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Behavioral Recovery ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Ventral Mesencephalic

AbstractSuccessful cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) requires large numbers of homogeneous ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic (vmDA) precursors. Enrichment of vmDA precursors via cell sorting is required to ensure high safety and efficacy of the cell therapy. Here, using LMX1A-eGFP knock-in reporter human embryonic stem cells, we discovered a novel surface antigen, trophoblast glycoprotein (TPBG), which was preferentially expressed in vmDA precursors. TPBG-targeted cell sorting enriched FOXA2+LMX1A+ vmDA precursors and helped attain efficient behavioral recovery of rodent PD models with increased numbers of TH+, NURR1+, and PITX3+ vmDA neurons in the grafts. Additionally, fewer proliferating cells were detected in TPBG+ cell-derived grafts than in TPBG− cell-derived grafts. Our approach is an efficient way to obtain enriched bona fide vmDA precursors, which could open a new avenue for effective PD treatment.

Stem Cells in Neurodegenerative Disorders - A broad Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariha Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Stem cell therapy is an approach to use cells that have the ability of self-renewal and to differentiate into different types of functional cells that are obtained from embryo and other postnatal sources to treat multiple disorders. These cells can be differentiated into different types of stem cells based on their specific characteristics to be totipotent, unipotent, multipotent or pluripotent. As potential therapy, pluripotent stem cells are considered to be the most interesting as they can be differentiated into different type of cells with similar characteristics as embryonic stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are adult cells that are reprogrammed genetically into stem cells from human fibroblasts through expressing genes and transcription factors at different time intervals. In this review, we will discuss the applications of stem cell therapy using iPSCs technology in treating neurodegenerative disorder such that Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). We have also broadly highlighted the significance of pluripotent stem cells in stem cell therapy.

Abstract 154: Generation of Purified Cardiomyocytes from Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Molecular Beacons

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwon Ban ◽  
Brian Wile ◽  
Sangsung Kim ◽  
Jaemin Byun ◽  
Talib Saafir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Molecular Beacons ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Fluorescence Signal

Background: While various methods for generating cardiomyocytes (CMs) from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) including both embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been reported, all available methods are only allowed to produce heterogeneous population of CM mixed with non-CM cells. Therefore, strategies to enrich pure CMs for scientific and clinical applications have been highly required. Hence, we developed a novel system in which CMs can be purified by cardiac specific molecular beacons (MBs). MBs are dual-labeled antisense nano-scale probes that emit a fluorescence signal when hybridized to target mRNAs. We hypothesized that MBs targeted to CM specific mRNAs can identify CMs and allow isolation of purified CMs by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Methods and results: Five MBs targeting distinct sites on either cardiac troponin T (cTNT) or α/β myosin heavy chain (α/βMHC) were designed and characterized in various cell types. To find the optimal MB that can selectively identifying CMs, each MB was delivered into HL-1 CMs, an immortalized mouse CM cell line, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, mouse ESCs and fibroblasts and its specificity was determined by flow cytometry. As a result, two MBs identified MB+ cells up to 98% from HL-1 CMs but lower than 10% of the non-CM cells suggesting these MBs are CM specific. Subsequently, the selected MBs were delivered into both mouse and human PSCs derived CMs and 41 to 49% of the cells were identified as an MB+ population. Interestingly, the rate of MB+ cells was similar to CM quantification determined by cTNT intracellular flow cytometry. Finally, we determined whether cell sorting with cardiac-specific MBs can enrich CMs from the heterogeneous mouse and human PSC cultures and found that ∼97% of MB-based sorted CMs expressed cTNT. These enriched cells were further cultured and their CM identity was verified by immunocytochemistry and qRT-PCR analysis. Ca2+ transient analysis further confirmed that these purified CMs displayed functional CM characteristics Conclusion: Using cardiac specific MBs, we were able to obtain highly purified CMs. These purified CMs and the system can be highly useful for clinical applications as well as drug discovery.

scholarly journals When CAR Meets Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Lymphoid Cells

The generation of immune cells from human pluripotent stem cells (embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells) has been of keen interest to regenerative medicine. Pluripotent stem cell-derived immune cells such as natural killer cells, macrophages, and lymphoid cells, especially T cells, can be used in immune cell therapy to treat incurable cancers. Moreover, since the advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology, the success of CAR-T cells in the clinic has galvanized new efforts to harness the power of CAR technology to generate CAR-engineered immune cells from pluripotent stem cells. This review provides a summary of pluripotent stem cell-derived immune cells and CAR technology, together with perspectives on combining pluripotent stem-cell derived immune cells and CAR engineering to pave a new way for developing next generation immune cell therapy.

scholarly journals Study And Analysis Of Stem Cell Therapy And Its Ethical Consideration

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
M Ullah ◽  
Vidyanath Chaudhary ◽  
Nurul Absar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Research ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Stem Cell Treatment

The controversy surrounding stem cell research led to an intense debate about ethics. Up until the recent years, the research method mainly focused on Embryonic Stem Cells, which involves taking tissue from an aborted embryo to get proper material to study. This is typically done just days after conception or between the 5th and 9th week. Since then, researchers have moved on to more ethical study methods, such as Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS). iPS is artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell, such as adult somatic cells. This is probably an important advancement in stem cell research, since it allows researchers to obtain pluripotent stem cells, which are important in research, without the controversial use of embryos. Nowadays stem cell treatment has been spreaded throughout the world. It has also been grown commercially in developed countries. This paper assesses the stem cell treatment as well as its impact in human life. It also examines specific stem cell therapy market that proves far reaching effect in world economy. Though various organizations have made it as a controversial issue the analysis shows that stem cell treatment has brought positive dimension in human society. A discussion has been made about the ethical issues of stem cell research and therapy; which focus how recent biotechnology and biological understandings of development narrow the debate. It is thought that one day it may be the major key to treat various diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v1i3.9631 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2010; 1(3): 22-34

scholarly journals Stem Cells - biological update and cell therapy progress

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Girlovanu ◽  
Sergiu Susman ◽  
Olga Soritau ◽  
Dan Rus-Ciuca ◽  
Carmen Melincovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Type I ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

In recent years, the advances in stem cell research have suggested that the human body may have a higher plasticity than it was originally expected.Until now, four categories of stem cells were isolated and cultured in vivo: embryonic stem cells, fetal stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).Although multiple studies were published, several issues concerning the stem cells are still debated, such as: the molecular mechanisms of differentiation, the methods to prevent teratoma formation or the ethical and religious issues regarding especially the embryonic stem cell research.The direct differentiation of stem cells into specialized cells: cardiac myocytes, neural cells, pancreatic islets cells, may represent an option in treating incurable diseases such as: neurodegenerative diseases, type I diabetes, hematologic or cardiac diseases.Nevertheless, stem cell-based therapies, based on stem cell transplantation, remain mainly at the experimental stages and their major limitation is the development of teratoma and cancer after transplantation. The induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent a prime candidate for future cell therapy research because of their significant self-renewal and differentiation potential and the lack of ethical issues.This article presents an overview of the biological advances in the study of stem cells and the current progress made in the field of regenerative medicine.

Mini Review; Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Oocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaifang Wang ◽  
Maryam Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Human Oocyte ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is one of the main diseases causing female infertility that occurs in about 1% of women between 30-40 years of age. There are few effective methods for the treatment of women with POI. In the past few years, stem cell-based therapy as one of the most highly investigated new therapies has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of POI. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can self-renew indefinitely and differentiate into any type of cell. Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) as a type of pluripotent stem cells are the most powerful candidate for the treatment of POI. Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) are derived from adult somatic cells by the treatment with exogenous defined factors to create an embryonic-like pluripotent state. Both hiPSCs and hESCs can proliferate and give rise to ectodermal, mesodermal, endodermal, and germ cell lineages. After ovarian stimulation, the number of available oocytes is limited and the yield of total oocytes with high quality is low. Therefore, a robust and reproducible in-vitro culture system that supports the differentiation of human oocytes from PSCs is necessary. Very few studies have focused on the derivation of oocyte-like cells from hiPSCs and the details of hPSCs differentiation into oocytes have not been fully investigated. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the differentiation potential of hPSCs into human oocyte-like cells.

A New Feeder-Free Technique to Expand Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Denham ◽  
Jessie Leung ◽  
Cheryl Tay ◽  
Raymond C.B. Wong ◽  
Peter Donovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Formative pluripotent stem cells show features of epiblast cells poised for gastrulation

Cell Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Wang ◽  
Yunlong Xiang ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Mouse Escs ◽  
Epiblast Stem Cells ◽  
Early Gastrula

AbstractThe pluripotency of mammalian early and late epiblast could be recapitulated by naïve embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primed epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), respectively. However, these two states of pluripotency may not be sufficient to reflect the full complexity and developmental potency of the epiblast during mammalian early development. Here we report the establishment of self-renewing formative pluripotent stem cells (fPSCs) which manifest features of epiblast cells poised for gastrulation. fPSCs can be established from different mouse ESCs, pre-/early-gastrula epiblasts and induced PSCs. Similar to pre-/early-gastrula epiblasts, fPSCs show the transcriptomic features of formative pluripotency, which are distinct from naïve ESCs and primed EpiSCs. fPSCs show the unique epigenetic states of E6.5 epiblast, including the super-bivalency of a large set of developmental genes. Just like epiblast cells immediately before gastrulation, fPSCs can efficiently differentiate into three germ layers and primordial germ cells (PGCs) in vitro. Thus, fPSCs highlight the feasibility of using PSCs to explore the development of mammalian epiblast.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document