scholarly journals CLE peptide-encoding gene families in Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus, compared with those of soybean, common bean and Arabidopsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
April H. Hastwell ◽  
Thomas C. de Bang ◽  
Peter M. Gresshoff ◽  
Brett J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
Encoding Gene

scholarly journals Nitrate-Induced CLE Peptide Systemically Inhibits Nodulation in Medicago truncatula

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Maria Lebedeva ◽  
Mahboobeh Azarakhsh ◽  
Yaroslavna Yashenkova ◽  
Lyudmila Lutova
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Nitrate Treatment ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
Plant Level

Legume plants form nitrogen-fixing nodules in symbiosis with soil bacteria rhizobia. The number of symbiotic nodules is controlled at the whole-plant level with autoregulation of nodulation (AON), which includes a shoot-acting CLV1-like receptor kinase and mobile CLE (CLAVATA3/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION-related) peptides that are produced in the root in response to rhizobia inoculation. In addition to rhizobia-induced CLE peptides, nitrate-induced CLE genes have been identified in Lotus japonicus and Glycine max, which inhibited nodulation when overexpressed. However, nitrate-induced CLE genes that systemically suppress nodulation in AON-dependent manner have not been identified in Medicago truncatula. Here, we found that MtCLE35 expression is activated by both rhizobia inoculation and nitrate treatment in M. truncatula, similarly to L. japonicus CLE genes. Moreover, we found that MtCLE35 systemically suppresses nodulation in AON-dependent manner, suggesting that MtCLE35 may mediate nitrate-induced inhibition of nodulation in M. truncatula.

scholarly journals Genomic Organization and Evolutionary Insights on GRP and NCR Genes, Two Large Nodule-Specific Gene Families in Medicago truncatula

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1138-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Alunni ◽  
Zoltan Kevei ◽  
Miguel Redondo-Nieto ◽  
Adam Kondorosi ◽  
Peter Mergaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Genomic Organization ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
Protein Alignments

Deciphering the mechanisms leading to symbiotic nitrogen-fixing root nodule organogenesis in legumes resulted in the identification of numerous nodule-specific genes and gene families. Among them, NCR and GRP genes encode short secreted peptides with potential antimicrobial activity. These genes appear to form large multigenic families in Medicago truncatula and other closely related legume species, whereas no similar genes were found in databases of Lotus japonicus and Glycine max. We analyzed the genomic organization of these genes as well as their evolutionary dynamics in the M. truncatula genome. A total of 108 NCR and 23 GRP genes have been mapped that were often clustered in the genome. These included 29 new NCR and 17 new GRP genes. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses of the novel genes confirmed their exclusive nodule-specific expression similar to the previously identified members. Protein alignments and phylogenetic analyses revealed traces of several duplication events in the history of GRP and NCR genes. Moreover, microsyntenic evidences between M. truncatula and L. japonicus validated the hypothesis that these genes are specific for the inverted repeat–lacking clade of hologalegoid legumes, which allowed dating the appearance of these two gene families during the evolution of legume plants.

scholarly journals Identification and Expression Analysis of the Genes Involved in the Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides Pathway of Phaseolus vulgaris and Glycine max

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1465
Author(s):  
Ramon de Koning ◽  
Raphaël Kiekens ◽  
Mary Esther Muyoka Toili ◽  
Geert Angenon
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Raffinose Synthase

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) play an important role in plants but are also considered to be antinutritional factors. A profound understanding of the galactinol and RFO biosynthetic gene families and the expression patterns of the individual genes is a prerequisite for the sustainable reduction of the RFO content in the seeds, without compromising normal plant development and functioning. In this paper, an overview of the annotation and genetic structure of all galactinol- and RFO biosynthesis genes is given for soybean and common bean. In common bean, three galactinol synthase genes, two raffinose synthase genes and one stachyose synthase gene were identified for the first time. To discover the expression patterns of these genes in different tissues, two expression atlases have been created through re-analysis of publicly available RNA-seq data. De novo expression analysis through an RNA-seq study during seed development of three varieties of common bean gave more insight into the expression patterns of these genes during the seed development. The results of the expression analysis suggest that different classes of galactinol- and RFO synthase genes have tissue-specific expression patterns in soybean and common bean. With the obtained knowledge, important galactinol- and RFO synthase genes that specifically play a key role in the accumulation of RFOs in the seeds are identified. These candidate genes may play a pivotal role in reducing the RFO content in the seeds of important legumes which could improve the nutritional quality of these beans and would solve the discomforts associated with their consumption.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Medicago truncatula CLE34 and CLE35 in nodulation control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine Mens ◽  
April H. Hastwell ◽  
Huanan Su ◽  
Peter M. Gresshoff ◽  
Ulrike Mathesius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Sequence Homology ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Mature Peptide ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Autoregulation Of Nodulation ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
Distinct Role

AbstractLegume plants form a symbiosis with N2-fixing soil rhizobia, resulting in new root organs called nodules that enable N2-fixation. Nodulation is a costly process that is tightly regulated by the host through Autoregulation of Nodulation (AON) and nitrate-dependent regulation of nodulation. Both pathways require legume-specific CLAVATA/ESR-related (CLE) peptides. Nitrogen-induced nodulation-suppressing CLE peptides have not previously been characterised in Medicago truncatula, with only rhizobia-induced MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 identified. Here, we report on novel peptides MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 in nodulation control pathways. The nodulation-suppressing CLE peptides of five legume species were classified into three clades based on sequence homology and phylogeny. This approached identified MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 and four new CLE peptide orthologues of Pisum sativum. Whereas MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 are induced by rhizobia, MtCLE34 and MtCLE35 respond to both rhizobia and nitrate. MtCLE34 was identified as a pseudogene lacking a functional CLE-domain. Overexpression of MtCLE12, MtCLE13 and MtCLE35 inhibits nodulation. Together, our findings indicate that MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 have a distinct role in AON, while MtCLE35 regulates nodule numbers in a rhizobia- and nitrate-dependent manner. MtCLE34 likely had a similar role to MtCLE35 but its function was lost due to a nonsense mutation resulting in the loss of the mature peptide.

scholarly journals Annotation, phylogeny and expression analysis of the nuclear factor Y gene families in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Rípodas ◽  
Mélisse Castaingts ◽  
Joaquín Clúa ◽  
Flavio Blanco ◽  
María Eugenia Zanetti
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor Y

Seed Shape Diversity in families of the Order Ranunculales

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 425 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÈ JAVIER MARTÍN-GÓMEZ ◽  
AGNIESZKA REWICZ ◽  
EMILIO CERVANTES
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
The Third ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Seed shape in the order Ranunculales is described with the objective of characterizing the morphological seed types in the families of this order and to establish a correlation between seed shape, plant structure and life style.         Based on previous work in model plants (Arabidopsis thaliana, Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula), we have used the J index to estimate the percentage of similarity of the image of a seed with a geometric shape. The images of seeds of model plants resemble cardioid or cardioid-derived models, while seeds from other species with rapid life cycles resemble other, also simple geometrical figures. In general, seed shape may help establishing the relationships between taxonomic groups.         Three types of seed morphology are distinguished in the Ranunculales based on values of J index. In the first type, seeds in the Berberidaceae, Euptelaceae and Lardizabalaceae, adjust well to an oval. The second type, seeds in the Papaveraceae, adjust well to the cardioid model, and the third type, seeds in the Ranunculaceae, adjust well to diverse geometric shapes, including the oval, truncated cardioid, Fibonacci spiral and ellipse. In the Ranunculales, seed shape is varied and often related to geometrical figures.                The presence of cardioid derived models in the Papaveraceae supports our hypothesis that seeds resembling the cardioid are frequent in plants with rapid life cycles.Ranunculales

Variability among members of the Hor-2 multigene family

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kanazin ◽  
Evgeny Ananiev ◽  
Tom Blake
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Reaction Sequence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Barley Genotypes

The hordeins comprise the major prolamin storage proteins of barley. Two major and one minor gene families encode these alcohol-soluble proteins. The Hor-2 gene family encoding the B-hordeins has been estimated to contain 15–30 copies. Although several genes encoding B-hordeins have been cloned and sequenced, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the generation of the enormous genetic variability at this locus. Polymerase chain reaction sequence amplification provided a simple technique that permitted the amplification of the Hor-2 gene family members from the genomes of several barley genotypes. Sequence analysis of clones permitted the identification of a region within the Hor-2 structural gene that appears to undergo recombinational and slippage-like gene conversion events. In this report we describe variability of the B-hordein genes, possible mechanisms responsible for it, and implications this may have on the evolution of prolamin-encoding gene families.Key words: barley, hordeins, polymerase chain reaction, polymorphism.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Medicago truncatula Genomics

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Ané ◽  
Hongyan Zhu ◽  
Julia Frugoli
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Legume Nodulation ◽  
Symbiotic Interactions ◽  
Genomic Tools ◽  
Consistent Increase

Legume rotation has allowed a consistent increase in crop yield and consequently in human population since the antiquity. Legumes will also be instrumental in our ability to maintain the sustainability of our agriculture while facing the challenges of increasing food and biofuel demand. Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus have emerged during the last decade as two major model systems for legume biology. Initially developed to dissect plant-microbe symbiotic interactions and especially legume nodulation, these two models are now widely used in a variety of biological fields from plant physiology and development to population genetics and structural genomics. This review highlights the genetic and genomic tools available to the M. truncatula community. Comparative genomic approaches to transfer biological information between model systems and legume crops are also discussed.

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