scholarly journals Resting-state alpha power is selectively associated with autistic traits reflecting behavioral rigidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Carter Leno ◽  
Samuel B. Tomlinson ◽  
Shou-An A. Chang ◽  
Adam J. Naples ◽  
James C. McPartland
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Behavioral Rigidity

scholarly journals Intranasal oxytocin enhances intrinsic corticostriatal functional connectivity in women

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. I. Bethlehem ◽  
Michael V. Lombardo ◽  
Meng-Chuan Lai ◽  
Bonnie Auyeung ◽  
Sarah K. Crockford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Cortical Networks ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Independent Analysis ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
Social Communicative ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOxytocin may influence various human behaviors and the connectivity across subcortical and cortical networks. Previous oxytocin studies are male-biased and often constrained by task-based inferences. Here we investigate the impact of oxytocin on resting state connectivity between subcortical and cortical networks in women. We collected resting state fMRI data on 26 typically-developing women 40 minutes following intranasal oxytocin administration using a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design. Independent components analysis (ICA) was applied to examine connectivity between networks. An independent analysis of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene expression in human subcortical and cortical areas was carried out to determine plausibility of direct oxytocin effects on OXTR. In women, OXTR was highly expressed in striatal and other subcortical regions, but showed modest expression in cortical areas. Oxytocin increased connectivity between corticostriatal circuitry typically involved in reward, emotion, social-communication, language, and pain processing. This effect was 1.39 standard deviations above the null effect of no difference between oxytocin and placebo. This oxytocin-related effect on corticostriatal connectivity covaried with autistic traits, such that oxytocin-related increase in connectivity was stronger in individuals with higher autistic traits. In sum, oxytocin strengthened corticostriatal connectivity in women, particularly with cortical networks that are involved in social-communicative, motivational, and affective processes. This effect may be important for future work on neurological and psychiatric conditions (e.g., autism), particularly through highlighting how oxytocin may operate differently for subsets of individuals.

scholarly journals Resting-State Electroencephalography for Prognosis in Disorders of Consciousness Following Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Pauli ◽  
Alice O'Donnell ◽  
Damian Cruse
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Disorder Of Consciousness ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Prognostic Utility ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Although the majority of patients recover consciousness after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), a minority develop a prolonged disorder of consciousness, which may never fully resolve. For these patients, accurate prognostication is essential to treatment decisions and long-term care planning. In this review, we evaluate the use of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) as a prognostic measure in disorders of consciousness following TBI. We highlight that routine clinical EEG recordings have prognostic utility in the short to medium term. In particular, measures of alpha power and variability are indicative of relatively better functional outcomes within the first year post-TBI. This is hypothesized to reflect intact thalamocortical loops, and thus the potential for recovery of consciousness even in the apparent absence of current consciousness. However, there is a lack of research into the use of resting-state EEG for predicting longer-term recovery following TBI. We conclude that, given the potential for patients to demonstrate improvements in consciousness and functional capacity even years after TBI, a research focus on EEG-augmented prognostication in very long-term disorders of consciousness is now required.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological Characteristics of Burnout Syndrome: Resting-State EEG Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Golonka ◽  
Magda Gawlowska ◽  
Justyna Mojsa-Kaja ◽  
Tadeusz Marek
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eyes Open

Introduction. The consequences of chronic work-related stress are related to various emotional, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms. Occupational burnout as a complex syndrome is characterized by exhaustion, cynicism, and lower professional efficacy. Moreover, the growing amount of research on the neural correlates of burnout broadens the existing knowledge on the mechanisms underlying this syndrome. Aim of the Study. The aim of the study is to explore possible differences in brain activity between burnout and nonburnout employees. Frequency-specific EEG power analyses in a resting-state condition in burnout subjects and controls are presented. Materials and Methods. Burnout employees (N=46; 19 men) were matched with the control group (N=49; 19 men; mean age: 36.14 years, SD=7.89). The Maslach Burnout Inventory–General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS) scale were used to measure burnout symptoms and work conditions, respectively. A 256-channel EEG (EGI System 300) was used to collect psychophysiological data. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed with condition (eyes-open vs. eyes-closed) and region (6 levels: extracted scalp regions) factors; burnout (2 levels: burnout vs. no burnout) was the grouping factor. Results. A significant difference was observed only in the alpha frequency band: the burnout group revealed significantly lower alpha power in the eyes-open condition compared to the controls (p<0.05). The correlation analysis revealed that gender may significantly change the pattern of relations between EEG spectral characteristics and burnout symptoms. Conclusions. Reduced alpha power in burnout individuals suggests cortical hyperactivity and may be related to greater mental effort and the possible development of compensatory mechanisms by burnout subjects.

scholarly journals Reduced parietal alpha power and psychotic symptoms: Test-retest reliability of resting-state magnetoencephalography in schizophrenia and healthy controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicha T. Candelaria-Cook ◽  
Megan E. Schendel ◽  
Cesar J. Ojeda ◽  
Juan R. Bustillo ◽  
Julia M. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

scholarly journals Resting-state posterior alpha power changes with prolonged exposure in a natural environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Hopman ◽  
Sara B. LoTemplio ◽  
Emily E. Scott ◽  
Ty L. McKinney ◽  
David L. Strayer
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Voluntary Attention ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Exposure to environments that contain natural features can benefit mood, cognition, and physiological responses. Previous research proposed exposure to nature restores voluntary attention – attention that is directed towards a task through top down control. Voluntary attention is limited in capacity and depletes with use. Nature provides unique stimuli that do not require voluntary attention; therefore, the neural resources needed for attention to operate efficiently are theorized to restore when spending time in nature. Electroencephalography reflects changes in attention through fluctuations in power within specific frequencies. The current study (N = 29) measured changes in averaged resting state posterior alpha power before, during, and after a multiday nature exposure. Linear mixed-effects models revealed posterior alpha power was significantly lower during the nature exposure compared to pre-trip and post-trip testing, suggesting posterior alpha power may be a potential biomarker for differences related to exposure to natural and urban environments.

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