scholarly journals 51. Occipital Alpha Power During Resting-State EEG in Clinical Risk for Psychosis and Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S27-S27
Author(s):  
Petra Rupert ◽  
Anna Watters
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Clinical Risk

scholarly journals Resting-State Electroencephalography for Prognosis in Disorders of Consciousness Following Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Pauli ◽  
Alice O'Donnell ◽  
Damian Cruse
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Disorder Of Consciousness ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Prognostic Utility ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Although the majority of patients recover consciousness after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), a minority develop a prolonged disorder of consciousness, which may never fully resolve. For these patients, accurate prognostication is essential to treatment decisions and long-term care planning. In this review, we evaluate the use of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) as a prognostic measure in disorders of consciousness following TBI. We highlight that routine clinical EEG recordings have prognostic utility in the short to medium term. In particular, measures of alpha power and variability are indicative of relatively better functional outcomes within the first year post-TBI. This is hypothesized to reflect intact thalamocortical loops, and thus the potential for recovery of consciousness even in the apparent absence of current consciousness. However, there is a lack of research into the use of resting-state EEG for predicting longer-term recovery following TBI. We conclude that, given the potential for patients to demonstrate improvements in consciousness and functional capacity even years after TBI, a research focus on EEG-augmented prognostication in very long-term disorders of consciousness is now required.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological Characteristics of Burnout Syndrome: Resting-State EEG Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Golonka ◽  
Magda Gawlowska ◽  
Justyna Mojsa-Kaja ◽  
Tadeusz Marek
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eyes Open

Introduction. The consequences of chronic work-related stress are related to various emotional, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms. Occupational burnout as a complex syndrome is characterized by exhaustion, cynicism, and lower professional efficacy. Moreover, the growing amount of research on the neural correlates of burnout broadens the existing knowledge on the mechanisms underlying this syndrome. Aim of the Study. The aim of the study is to explore possible differences in brain activity between burnout and nonburnout employees. Frequency-specific EEG power analyses in a resting-state condition in burnout subjects and controls are presented. Materials and Methods. Burnout employees (N=46; 19 men) were matched with the control group (N=49; 19 men; mean age: 36.14 years, SD=7.89). The Maslach Burnout Inventory–General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS) scale were used to measure burnout symptoms and work conditions, respectively. A 256-channel EEG (EGI System 300) was used to collect psychophysiological data. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed with condition (eyes-open vs. eyes-closed) and region (6 levels: extracted scalp regions) factors; burnout (2 levels: burnout vs. no burnout) was the grouping factor. Results. A significant difference was observed only in the alpha frequency band: the burnout group revealed significantly lower alpha power in the eyes-open condition compared to the controls (p<0.05). The correlation analysis revealed that gender may significantly change the pattern of relations between EEG spectral characteristics and burnout symptoms. Conclusions. Reduced alpha power in burnout individuals suggests cortical hyperactivity and may be related to greater mental effort and the possible development of compensatory mechanisms by burnout subjects.

scholarly journals Reduced parietal alpha power and psychotic symptoms: Test-retest reliability of resting-state magnetoencephalography in schizophrenia and healthy controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicha T. Candelaria-Cook ◽  
Megan E. Schendel ◽  
Cesar J. Ojeda ◽  
Juan R. Bustillo ◽  
Julia M. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

scholarly journals Resting-state posterior alpha power changes with prolonged exposure in a natural environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Hopman ◽  
Sara B. LoTemplio ◽  
Emily E. Scott ◽  
Ty L. McKinney ◽  
David L. Strayer
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Voluntary Attention ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Exposure to environments that contain natural features can benefit mood, cognition, and physiological responses. Previous research proposed exposure to nature restores voluntary attention – attention that is directed towards a task through top down control. Voluntary attention is limited in capacity and depletes with use. Nature provides unique stimuli that do not require voluntary attention; therefore, the neural resources needed for attention to operate efficiently are theorized to restore when spending time in nature. Electroencephalography reflects changes in attention through fluctuations in power within specific frequencies. The current study (N = 29) measured changes in averaged resting state posterior alpha power before, during, and after a multiday nature exposure. Linear mixed-effects models revealed posterior alpha power was significantly lower during the nature exposure compared to pre-trip and post-trip testing, suggesting posterior alpha power may be a potential biomarker for differences related to exposure to natural and urban environments.

scholarly journals High-Density EEG in a Charles Bonnet Syndrome Patient during and without Visual Hallucinations: A Case-Report Study

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1991
Author(s):  
Andrea Piarulli ◽  
Jitka Annen ◽  
Ron Kupers ◽  
Steven Laureys ◽  
Charlotte Martial
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Resting State ◽  
High Density ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Signal Diversity ◽  
Signal Complexity ◽  
Cortical Regions

Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is a rare clinical condition characterized by complex visual hallucinations in people with loss of vision. So far, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the hallucinations remain elusive. This case-report study aims at investigating electrical activity changes in a CBS patient during visual hallucinations, as compared to a resting-state period (without hallucinations). Prior to the EEG, the patient underwent neuropsychological, ophthalmologic, and neurological examinations. Spectral and connectivity, graph analyses and signal diversity were applied to high-density EEG data. Visual hallucinations (as compared to resting-state) were characterized by a significant reduction of power in the frontal areas, paralleled by an increase in the midline posterior regions in delta and theta bands and by an increase of alpha power in the occipital and midline posterior regions. We next observed a reduction of theta connectivity in the frontal and right posterior areas, which at a network level was complemented by a disruption of small-worldness (lower local and global efficiency) and by an increase of network modularity. Finally, we found a higher signal complexity especially when considering the frontal areas in the alpha band. The emergence of hallucinations may stem from these changes in the visual cortex and in core cortical regions encompassing both the default mode and the fronto-parietal attentional networks.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with alpha dysrhythmia across the visual cortex and the default mode network

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Clancy ◽  
Jeremy A. Andrzejewski ◽  
Mingzhou Ding ◽  
Norman B. Schmidt ◽  
Wen Li
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cortical Inhibition ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Default Mode

ABSTRACTBackgroundAnomalies in default mode network (DMN) activity and alpha (8-12 Hz) oscillations have been independently observed in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent spatiotemporal analyses suggest that alpha oscillations support DMN functioning via inter-regional synchronization and sensory cortical inhibition. Therefore, we examined a unifying pathology of alpha deficits in the visual-cortex-DMN system in PTSD.MethodsPatients with PTSD (N = 25) and two control groups—patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (N = 24) and healthy controls (N = 20)—underwent a standard eyes-open resting state (S-RS) and a modified resting state (M-RS) of passively viewing salient images (known to deactivate the DMN). High-density electroencephalogram (hdEEG) were recorded, from which intracortical alpha activity (power and connectivity/Granger causality) was extracted using the exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA).ResultsPatients with PTSD (vs. controls) demonstrated attenuated alpha power in the visual cortex and key hubs of the DMN (posterior cingulate cortex/PCC and medial prefrontal cortex/mPFC) at both states, the severity of which further correlated with hypervigilance symptoms. With increased visual input (at M-RS vs. S-RS), patients with PTSD further demonstrated reduced alpha-frequency directed connectivity within the DMN (PCC→mPFC) and, importantly, from the visual cortex (VC) to both DMN hubs (VC→PCC and VC→mPFC), linking alpha deficits in the two systems.ConclusionsThese interrelated alpha deficits align with DMN hypoactivity/hypoconnectivity, sensory disinhibition, and hypervigilance in PTSD, representing a unifying neural underpinning of these anomalies. The identification of visual-cortex-DMN alpha dysrhythmia in PTSD further presents a novel therapeutic target, promoting network-based intervention of neural oscillations.

scholarly journals Linking alpha oscillations, attention and inhibitory control in adult ADHD with EEG neurofeedback

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre Deiber ◽  
Roland Hasler ◽  
Julien Colin ◽  
Alexandre Dayer ◽  
Jean-Michel Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Alpha Oscillations

AbstractAbnormal patterns of electrical oscillatory activity have been repeatedly described in adult ADHD. In particular, the alpha rhythm (8-12 Hz), known to be modulated during attention, has previously been considered as candidate biomarker for ADHD. In the present study, we asked adult ADHD patients to self-regulate their own alpha rhythm using neurofeedback (NFB), in order to examine the modulation of alpha oscillations on attentional performance and brain plasticity. Twenty-five adult ADHD patients and 22 healthy controls underwent a 64-channel EEG-recording at resting-state and during a Go/NoGo task, before and after a 30 min-NFB session designed to reduce (desynchronize) the power of the alpha rhythm. Alpha power was compared across conditions and groups, and the effects of NFB were statistically assessed by comparing behavioral and EEG measures pre-to-post NFB. Firstly, we found that relative alpha power was attenuated in our ADHD cohort compared to control subjects at baseline and across experimental conditions, suggesting a signature of cortical hyper-activation. Both groups demonstrated a significant and targeted reduction of alpha power during NFB. Interestingly, we observed a post-NFB increase in resting-state alpha (i.e. rebound) in the ADHD group, which restored alpha power towards levels of the normal population. Importantly, the degree of post-NFB alpha normalisation during the Go/NoGo task correlated with individual improvements in motor inhibition (i.e. reduced commission errors and slower reaction times in NoGo trials) only in the ADHD group. Overall, our findings offer novel supporting evidence implicating alpha oscillations in inhibitory control, as well as their potential role in the homeostatic regulation of cortical excitatory/inhibitory balance.HighlightsResting alpha power is reduced in adult ADHD suggesting cortical hyper-activationAdult ADHD patients successfully reduce alpha power during neurofeedbackA post-neurofeedback rebound normalizes alpha power in adult ADHDAlpha power rebound correlates with improvement of inhibitory control in adult ADHD

scholarly journals Frontal and parietal EEG alpha asymmetry: a large-scale investigation of short-term reliability on distinct EEG systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothea Metzen ◽  
Erhan Genç ◽  
Stephan Getzmann ◽  
Mauro F. Larra ◽  
Edmund Wascher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Pair ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eeg Alpha

AbstractEEG resting-state alpha asymmetry is one of the most widely investigated forms of functional hemispheric asymmetries in both basic and clinical neuroscience. However, studies yield inconsistent results. One crucial prerequisite to obtain reproducible results is the reliability of the index of interest. There is a body of research suggesting a moderate-to-good reliability of EEG resting-state alpha asymmetry, but unfortunately sample sizes in these studies are typically small. This study presents the first large-scale short-term reliability study of frontal and parietal EEG resting-state alpha asymmetry. We used the Dortmund Vital Study data set containing 370 participants. In each participant, EEG resting state was recorded eight times, twice with their eyes opened, twice with their eyes-closed, each on two different EEG systems. We found good reliability of EEG alpha power and alpha asymmetry on both systems for electrode pairs. We also found that alpha power asymmetry reliability is higher in the eyes-closed condition than in the eyes-open condition. The frontomedial electrode pair showed weaker reliability than the frontolateral and parietal electrode pairs. Interestingly, we found no population-level alpha asymmetry in frontal electrodes, one of the most investigated electrode sites in alpha asymmetry research. In conclusion, our results suggest that while EEG alpha asymmetry is an overall reliable measure, frontal alpha asymmetry should be assessed using multiple electrode pairs.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Alpha and Theta Oscillations Are Related to Complementary Aspects of Cognitive Control in Younger and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace M. Clements ◽  
Daniel C. Bowie ◽  
Mate Gyurkovics ◽  
Kathy A. Low ◽  
Monica Fabiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Proactive Control ◽  
Reactive Control ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Task Sets ◽  
Task Representations

The resting-state human electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum is dominated by alpha (8–12 Hz) and theta (4–8 Hz) oscillations, and also includes non-oscillatory broadband activity inversely related to frequency (1/f activity). Gratton proposed that alpha and theta oscillations are both related to cognitive control function, though in a complementary manner. Alpha activity is hypothesized to facilitate the maintenance of representations, such as task sets in preparation for expected task conditions. In contrast, theta activity would facilitate changes in representations, such as the updating of task sets in response to unpredicted task demands. Therefore, theta should be related to reactive control (which may prompt changes in task representations), while alpha may be more relevant to proactive control (which implies the maintenance of current task representations). Less is known about the possible relationship between 1/f activity and cognitive control, which was analyzed here in an exploratory fashion. To investigate these hypothesized relationships, we recorded eyes-open and eyes-closed resting-state EEG from younger and older adults and subsequently tested their performance on a cued flanker task, expected to elicit both proactive and reactive control processes. Results showed that alpha power and 1/f offset were smaller in older than younger adults, whereas theta power did not show age-related reductions. Resting alpha power and 1/f offset were associated with proactive control processes, whereas theta power was related to reactive control as measured by the cued flanker task. All associations were present over and above the effect of age, suggesting that these resting-state EEG correlates could be indicative of trait-like individual differences in cognitive control performance, which may be already evident in younger adults, and are still similarly present in healthy older adults.

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