Egalitarian mixed-species bird groups enhance winter survival of subordinate group members but only in high-quality forests

AbstractUsing the concept of racial microaggressions as an analytical tool, this study reports on white monolingual pre-service teachers’ self-identified linguistic microaggressions by exploring their attitudinal and affective responses to those who speak languages other than English. The assumption is that teachers’ pedagogical practices and their relationship with students are not contained within classrooms but are rather intertwined with their lives outside the classroom and their thinking in everyday context. The themes identified by analyzing the self-identified linguistic microaggressions of the participating pre-service teachers are (1) Self-consciousness/discomfort, worry, fear, anxiety, and frustration; (2) Judgments: (un)intelligence, (dis)likability, and (un)trustworthiness; (3) (In)appropriateness and English dominance; and (4) Stereotypes. This study also reports the findings pertaining to the participants’ reflections on the factors that contribute to difficulties they face when attempting to engage in self-identifying linguistic microaggressions. The common challenges among these monolingual pre-service teachers are: (1) Identification and commitment are not enough; (2) Am I a bad person? and (3) Unconscious dispositions. The significance of this study stems from its exploration of the white pre-service teachers’ self-identification of microaggressions as opposed to those identified by the victims of microaggressions. By using the concept of microaggressions as the main analytical tool, the study reveals that the dominant members who are microaggressive toward language subordinate group members must understand, recognize, and acknowledge their microaggressions if they are to more productively support English language learners (ELLs) succeed socially and academically. The study offers implications for educators working with ELLs as well as for the field of teacher education.

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Beyond prejudice: Relational inequality, collective action, and social change revisited

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x12001550 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 451-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

John Dixon ◽

Mark Levine ◽

Steve Reicher ◽

Kevin Durrheim

Keyword(s):

Social Change ◽

Collective Action ◽

Intergroup Relations ◽

Prejudice Reduction ◽

Dominant Group ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Main Target ◽

Subordinate Group ◽

Group Members ◽

Intergroup Inequality

AbstractThis response clarifies, qualifies, and develops our critique of the limits of intergroup liking as a means of challenging intergroup inequality. It does not dispute that dominant groups may espouse negative attitudes towards subordinate groups. Nor does it dispute that prejudice reduction can be an effective way of tackling resulting forms of intergroup hostility. What it does dispute is the assumption that getting dominant group members and subordinate group members to like each other more is the best way of improving intergroup relations that are characterized by relatively stable, institutionally embedded, relations of inequality. In other words, the main target of our critique is the model of change that underlies prejudice reduction interventions and the mainstream concept of “prejudice” on which they are based.

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Geliat Usha Mikro Ibu-bu Rumah Tangga dari Keluarga Miskin, Pembuatan Abon Bandeng dan Kecap di Gunung Anyar Kota Surabaya

AKSIOLOGIYA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.30651/aks.v1i2.901 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

Mukayat Al-Amin ◽

Siti Maro’ah

Keyword(s):

Human Resources ◽

Research Method ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Business Group ◽

Sustainable Production ◽

High Quality ◽

Group Members ◽

Small Capacity

The problems and obstacles faced by Abon Bandeng business group "Barokah" and Kecap "Kurma" are: 1. The making process is still using traditional tools and in very little capacity, so that the products are produced less than the maximum and in small capacity. So when there is a rather large order they can not afford to fill the order in due to lack of equipment that is not adequate for more production capacity. 2. Marketing management that still rely on orders and exhibitions of food products, this results in less sustainable production, rather than resulting in profits that can not be maximal / uncertain. Therefore, based on the need for solutive and strategic steps to overcome the problem of business groups to be more productive and highly competitive, these steps antaralain: 1. The need to modernize the equipment so as to produce products that berkuwalitas and competitive can do more production. 2. The need to improve the quality of group resources in terms of marketing of production, this quality improvement can be done by doing marketing training / marketing of production. So that the already sustainable production can be marketed optimally. This devotion aims to 1) This Business Group can produce maximally both in terms of production capacity and in terms of high quality of competitive production. 2) Increasing the quality of human resources of the group members in terms of marketing of the products so that the production can be sold / marketed maximally. The method used in this service is the approach done by using FGD (Focus Group Discussion) method combined with participatory research method that is by studying, finding and rediscovering business problem that happened in the Development of Mother House Business Group Date.

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Interaction between decomposing litter and soil fauna of the Betula ermanii forest floor of the Changbai Mountains, China

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2014-0248 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (12) ◽

pp. 1507-1514 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xiaoqiang Li ◽

Xiuqin Yin ◽

Zhenhai Wang ◽

Weihong Fan

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Forest Floor ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Soil Fauna ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Changbai Mountains ◽

Mixed Species ◽

High Quality ◽

Litter Mass ◽

Litter Mass Loss

Soil fauna play a key role in litter decomposition as they influence the litter mass loss rate in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the interaction between decomposing litter and soil fauna has not been adequately addressed. We examine the interaction between different types of decomposing litter and soil fauna on the Betula ermanii Cham. (BE) forest floor of the Changbai Mountains, China, by measuring the mass loss of six litter species groups using litterbags with two sizes of mesh (4 mm and 0.01 mm) during a yearlong experiment. Soil fauna were identified at the order level. We found that soil fauna have a limited effect on litter mass loss at the initial stage of the experiment. Its positive effect became apparent at month 12 of the experiment. After 1 year, soil fauna increased the litter mass loss rate of the high-quality litter of Parasenecio komarovianus (Pojark.) Y.L. Chen (PK) by 7.02% and of the low-quality litter of Rhododendron aureum Georgi (RA) by 25.26%. BE + PK litter was associated with a significantly higher abundance of soil fauna at months 8 and 10 of the experiment and also with a significantly higher richness of soil fauna at month 10 of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, however, the Shannon–Wiener diversity index of soil fauna was not necessarily higher in mixed-species litter. Litter mixing did promote the abundance, richness, and diversity of soil fauna during the warm season in the high-quality litter substrate of BE + PK. Our results illustrate that the impact of soil fauna on the litter mass loss of both single- and mixed-species litterbags ranges from a limited impact to a positive impact as litter mass loss advances. The soil fauna contribute more to the litter mass loss of the low-quality litter with higher C to N ratios than to those with a low C to N ratio. The promoting effect of litter mixing on the soil faunal community composition is only short term and is dependent on substrate quality.

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One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: The Unintended Consequences of Subordinate Group Members’ Success

Academy of Management Proceedings ◽

10.5465/ambpp.2021.14442symposium ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (1) ◽

pp. 14442

Author(s):

Jun Lin ◽

Nurit Shnabel ◽

Amelia Stillwell

Keyword(s):

Unintended Consequences ◽

Subordinate Group ◽

One Step ◽

Group Members

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High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas wadenswilerensis CCOS 864T

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.01059-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (16) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dominik Rutz ◽

David Frasson ◽

Martin Sievers ◽

Jochen Blom ◽

Fabio Rezzonico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

Forest Soil ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Draft Genome Sequence ◽

Biotechnological Applications ◽

High Quality ◽

Content Type ◽

Group Members

Pseudomonas wadenswilerensis CCOS 864T was isolated in 2014 from forest soil. The organism belongs taxonomically to the Pseudomonas putida group, members of which have been well studied for their potential in biotechnological applications.

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Group living facilitates the evolution of duets in barbets

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2020.0399 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 20200399

Author(s):

Masayo Soma ◽

Henrik Brumm

Keyword(s):

Habitat Type ◽

Group Living ◽

Mate Guarding ◽

Breeding Period ◽

Pair Bonding ◽

Territory Defence ◽

The Social ◽

Subordinate Group ◽

Long Time ◽

Group Members

The duets of birds have intrigued biologists for a long time, yet much remains unknown about the evolution of these striking collective displays. This is partly because previous studies on duet evolution have been biased to songbirds and neglected other bird groups. In songbirds, the absence of migration has been found to predict the occurrence of duetting, indirectlysupporting the idea that duet communication is linked with pair bonding. Here, we used phylogenetic comparative analyses in a sedentary clade of non-songbirds, the barbets (Capitonidae), to reveal new correlates of duet evolution. We found (i) that duets evolved several times independently in different barbet lineages and (ii) that duetting evolved in association with group living (i.e. the presence of helpers or non-breeding adults during the breeding period), but not with sexual monochromatism or habitat type. Our findings are consistent with a duet function in mate guarding and dominance against subordinate group members as well as joint territory defence. Altogether, the results highlight the importance of the social environment for the evolution of collective signalling.

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Post-allogrooming reductions in self-directed behaviour are affected by role and status in the green woodhoopoe

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2011.0559 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 24-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Andrew N. Radford

Keyword(s):

Recent Work ◽

Costs And Benefits ◽

Dominance Status ◽

Social Functions ◽

Evolution Of Sociality ◽

Wide Range ◽

Cooperatively Breeding ◽

Subordinate Group ◽

Group Members ◽

First Time

Allogrooming occurs in a wide range of species and can serve both hygienic and social functions. While the latter have long been thought to be underpinned by reductions in tension for recipients, recent work has suggested that donors may also benefit in this way. Here, I show that, in cooperatively breeding green woodhoopoes Phoeniculus purpureus , involvement in allogrooming is followed by a reduction in self-grooming by both recipients and donors, but that the former exhibit a greater decrease. Moreover, I demonstrate for the first time that the dominance status of the allogrooming participant is important, with subordinate group members reducing subsequent self-grooming to a greater extent than the dominant pair. If avian self-directed behaviour reflects current distress levels in the same way as found in various primates, my results would indicate that allogrooming benefits are not confined to mammals, and would have important implications both for accurate assessments of the true costs and benefits of affiliative behaviour and for our understanding of the evolution of sociality.

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