scholarly journals Abundance and nuclear antigen reactivity of intestinal and fecal Immunoglobulin A in lupus-prone mice at younger ages correlate with the onset of eventual systemic autoimmunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Radhika R. Gudi ◽  
Benjamin M. Johnson ◽  
Chenthamarakshan Vasu
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Systemic Autoimmunity ◽  
Antigen Reactivity

scholarly journals Abundance and nuclear antigen reactivity of intestinal and fecal Immunoglobulin A in lupus-prone mice at younger ages correlate with the onset of eventual systemic autoimmunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Radhika Gudi ◽  
Benjamin M. Johnson ◽  
Chenthamarakshan Vasu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Systemic Autoimmunity ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Gut Mucosa ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
Antigen Reactivity

AbstractOur recent studies, using (SWRxNZB)F1 (SNF1) mice, showed a potential contribution of the gut microbiota and pro-inflammatory immune responses of the gut mucosa to systemic autoimmunity in lupus. Here, using this mouse model, we determined the abundance and the nAg reactivity of IgA antibody produced in the intestine under lupus susceptibility. Intestinal lymphoid tissues from SNF1 mice, females particularly, showed significantly higher frequencies of nAg (dsDNA and nucleohistone) reactive IgA producing B cells compared to B6 females. Most importantly, younger age fecal IgA -abundance and - nAg reactivity of lupus-prone mice showed a positive correlation with eventual systemic autoimmunity and proteinuria onset. Depletion of gut microbiota in SNF1 mice resulted in the diminished production of IgA in the intestine and the nAg reactivity of these antibodies. Overall, these observations show that fecal IgA features, nuclear antigen reactivity particularly, at preclinical stages/in at-risk subjects could be predictive of autoimmune progression.

scholarly journals Intestinal microbiota sustains inflammation and autoimmunity induced by hypomorphic RAG defects

2016 ◽  
Vol 213 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosita Rigoni ◽  
Elena Fontana ◽  
Simone Guglielmetti ◽  
Bruno Fosso ◽  
Anna Maria D’Erchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Iga Deficiency ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
Enhanced Absorption ◽  
Systemic Autoimmunity ◽  
Disease Induction ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts

Omenn syndrome (OS) is caused by hypomorphic Rag mutations and characterized by a profound immunodeficiency associated with autoimmune-like manifestations. Both in humans and mice, OS is mediated by oligoclonal activated T and B cells. The role of microbial signals in disease pathogenesis is debated. Here, we show that Rag2R229Q knock-in mice developed an inflammatory bowel disease affecting both the small bowel and colon. Lymphocytes were sufficient for disease induction, as intestinal CD4 T cells with a Th1/Th17 phenotype reproduced the pathological picture when transplanted into immunocompromised hosts. Moreover, oral tolerance was impaired in Rag2R229Q mice, and transfer of wild-type (WT) regulatory T cells ameliorated bowel inflammation. Mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency in the gut resulted in enhanced absorption of microbial products and altered composition of commensal communities. The Rag2R229Q microbiota further contributed to the immunopathology because its transplant into WT recipients promoted Th1/Th17 immune response. Consistently, long-term dosing of broad-spectrum antibiotics (ABXs) in Rag2R229Q mice ameliorated intestinal and systemic autoimmunity by diminishing the frequency of mucosal and circulating gut-tropic CCR9+ Th1 and Th17 T cells. Remarkably, serum hyper-IgE, a hallmark of the disease, was also normalized by ABX treatment. These results indicate that intestinal microbes may play a critical role in the distinctive immune dysregulation of OS.

Development of a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1-immunoglobulin A in human serum

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1940-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-Juan Chen ◽  
Tian-Cai Liu ◽  
Qian-Ni Liang ◽  
Zhi-Ning Dong ◽  
Ying-Song Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Fluorescence Immunoassay ◽  
Time Resolved Fluorescence ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

Dendritic cells of the human epidermis: immuno-electron microscopic studies of la antigen reactivity

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 644-645
Author(s):  
G. Rowden ◽  
M. G. Lewis ◽  
T. M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
La Antigen ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
A Cell ◽  
C3 Receptors ◽  
Antigen Reactivity

Langerhans cells of mammalian stratified squamous epithelial have proven to be an enigma since their discovery in 1868. These dendritic suprabasal cells have been considered as related to melanocytes either as effete cells, or as post divisional products. Although grafting experiments seemed to demonstrate the independence of the cell types, much confusion still exists. The presence in the epidermis of a cell type with morphological features seemingly shared by melanocytes and Langerhans cells has been especially troublesome. This so called "indeterminate", or " -dendritic cell" lacks both Langerhans cells granules and melanosomes, yet it is clearly not a keratinocyte. Suggestions have been made that it is related to either Langerhans cells or melanocyte. Recent studies have unequivocally demonstrated that Langerhans cells are independent cells with immune function. They display Fc and C3 receptors on their surface as well as la (immune region associated) antigens.

Studies of Epstein-Barr Virus Antigens Using Immunoperoxidase and Immunofluorescence Techniques

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
R. Stephens ◽  
K. Traul ◽  
D. Woolf ◽  
P. Gaudreau
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
If Technique ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Virus Antigens ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Virus Capsid Antigen ◽  
Antigen Reactivity

A number of antigens have been found associated with persistent EBV infections of lymphoblastoid cells. Identification and localization of these antigens were principally by immunofluorescence (IF) techniques using sera from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), and infectious mononucleosis (IM). Our study was mainly with three of the EBV related antigens, a) virus capsid antigen (VCA), b) membrane antigen (MA), and c) early antigens (EA) using immunoperoxidase (IP) techniques with electron microscopy (EM) to elucidate the sites of reactivity with EBV and EBV infected cells.Prior to labeling with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), sera from NPC, IM, and BL cases were characterized for various reactivities by the indirect IF technique. Modifications of the direct IP procedure described by Shabo and the indirect IP procedure of Leduc were made to enhance penetration of the cells and preservation of antigen reactivity.

NeuN As a Neuronal Nuclear Antigen and Neuron Differentiation Marker

Acta Naturae ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Gusel’nikova ◽  
D. E. Korzhevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Immunocytochemical Detection ◽  
Perinuclear Cytoplasm ◽  
Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽  
Morphological Diagnosis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Differentiation Marker

The NeuN protein is localized in nuclei and perinuclear cytoplasm of most of the neurons in the central nervous system of mammals. Monoclonal antibodies to the NeuN protein have been actively used in the immunohistochemical research of neuronal differentiation to assess the functional state of neurons in norm and pathology for more than 20 years. Recently, NeuN antibodies have begun to be applied in the differential morphological diagnosis of cancer. However, the structure of the protein, which can be revealed by antibodies to NeuN, remained unknown until recently, and the functions of the protein are still not fully clear. In the present mini-review, data on NeuN accumulated so far are summarized and analyzed. Data on the structure and properties of the protein, its isoforms, intracellular localization, and hypothesized functions are reported. The application field of immunocytochemical detection of NeuN in scientific and clinical studies, as well as the difficulties in the interpretation of the obtained experimental data and their possible causes, is described in details.

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