scholarly journals Implementation of a red blood cell-optical (RBO) channel for detection of latent iron deficiency anaemia by automated measurement of autofluorescence-emitting red blood cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Tougan ◽  
Sawako Itagaki ◽  
Yuji Toya ◽  
Kinya Uchihashi ◽  
Toshihiro Horii
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Latent Iron Deficiency

Abstract Iron deficiency is the most common and widespread nutritional disorder worldwide. The automated haematology analyser XN-30 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) was developed to detect malaria-infected red blood cells (RBCs) in human blood samples using flow cytometry. The optical system of the analyser detects autofluorescence (AF)-emitting RBCs containing iron-deficient haem groups and would aid in the diagnosis of anaemia resulting from iron deficiency. Here, an RBC-optical (RBO) channel was devised and implemented on the analyser. In vitro analyses showed that the analyser detected AF-emitting RBCs treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid. Furthermore, the analyser detected AF-emitting RBCs in mice fed a low iron diet and infected with a rodent malaria parasite; it could also be effectively used in humans. This study demonstrates that the analyser can quantitatively and reproducibly detect AF-emitting RBCs and measure other haematological parameters, suggesting its usefulness for the initial evaluation of latent iron deficiency anaemia in conjunction with the diagnosis of malaria.

scholarly journals Iron Intake and Status of Children Aged 6-36 Months in Europe: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 80-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Eussen ◽  
Martine Alles ◽  
Lieke Uijterschout ◽  
Frank Brus ◽  
Judith van der Horst-Graat
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world. Young children are particularly vulnerable to the consequences of iron deficiency because of their rapidly developing brain. This review evaluates the prevalence of inadequate iron intake and iron deficiency (anaemia) in European children aged 6-36 months. Summary: Computerized searches for relevant articles were performed in November 2013. A total of 7,297 citations were screened and 44 studies conducted in 19 European countries were included in this review. In both infants (6-12 months) and young children (12-36 months), the mean value of iron intakes in most countries was close to the RDA. Nevertheless, proportions of inadequate intakes were considerable, ranging from about 10% in the Netherlands up to 50% in Austria, Finland and the United Kingdom. The prevalence of iron deficiency varied between studies and was influenced by children's characteristics. Two to 25% of infants aged 6-12 months were found to be iron deficient, with a higher prevalence in those who were socially vulnerable and those who were drinking cow's milk as a main type of drink in their first year of life. In children aged 12-36 months, prevalence rates of iron deficiency varied between 3 and 48%. Prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in both age groups was high in Eastern Europe, as high as 50%, whereas the prevalence in Western Europe was generally below 5%. Key Messages: In most European countries, mean iron intakes of infants and children aged 6 to 36 months were found to be close to the RDA. Nevertheless, high proportions of inadequate intakes and high prevalence rates of iron deficiency were observed. Health programs should (keep) focus(ing) on iron malnutrition by educating parents on food choices for their children with iron-rich and iron-fortified foods, and encourage iron supplementation programmes where iron intakes are the lowest.

scholarly journals AYUVEDIYA APPROCH TOWARD IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA - A CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 983-986
Author(s):  
Vd. Ruksar Piparvadiya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia

Iron deficiency anaemia is a common type of anaemia – a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Anaemia symptoms like leave tired and shortness of breath. In Ayurveda, this can considered under the heading Pandu roga. A case of Iron deficiency anaemia with Ayurveda treatment was discussed here.

scholarly journals Effect of the addition of Moringa Oleifera to fruit drinks on clinical parameters associated with iron deficiency anaemia in schoolchildren

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Karen Piedad Martínez Marciales ◽  
Javier Andrés Soto ◽  
Jhoalmis Sierra Castrillo ◽  
Jonathan Gonzalo Olivieri Moncada ◽  
Jaizul Carolina Galeano Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia

Worldwide, iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is one the most significant nutritional maladies, especially in low and middle-income countries. This is mainly due to the associated morbidity, economic implications on the health system and the welfare state. One of the most prevalent causes of IDA in children is insufficient food intake, which has an obvious connection with the social environment. The main strategy in the management of this condition is counteracting such deficiency through the improvement of nutrition and family upbringing. Aiming to explore affordable, novel and straightforward approaches to treat this nutritional condition, we developed a descriptive study associated with the incorporation of Moringa Oleifera in homemade fruit beverages delivered to 32 children from low-income families, in order to assess the evolution of IDA, evaluating specific clinical parameters such as red blood cells volume, as well as hemoglobin, ferritin and serum iron levels, within a two months lapse. At the end of this period, we observed a significant statistical rise in the levels of all the assessed parameters, finding about a 1.3-fold increase in hemoglobin and ferritin levels and in red blood cells volume; serum iron was 1.1 times higher. These findings are demonstrative of the wide spectrum of the medicinal features of Moringa and establish a promising and accessible strategy easy to incorporate into the diet of families of children suffering this pathology. La anemia ferropénica (AF) es una de las carencias nutricionales más significativas a nivel mundial, especialmente en los países de bajos y medios ingresos, debido principalmente a la morbilidad asociada, las implicaciones en el sistema de salud y el estado de bienestar. Una de las causas más frecuentes de esta deficiencia en los niños es la ingesta insuficiente, que tiene una evidente conexión con el entorno social. La principal estrategia en el manejo de esta afección es contrarrestar esta deficiencia a través de la mejora de la nutrición y la educación familiar. Con el objetivo de explorar enfoques asequibles, novedosos y directos para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad, se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo asociado a la incorporación de la Moringa Oleifera en bebidas de frutas caseras que se suministraron a 32 niños de familias de bajos ingresos para hacerle seguimiento a la evolución de la anemia por deficiencia de hierro, evaluando parámetros clínicos específicos como el volumen de células rojas y los niveles de hemoglobina, ferritina y hierro sérico en un lapso de dos meses. Se observó un aumento estadísticamente significativo en los niveles de todos los parámetros evaluados una vez finalizado el período de intervención. Al final del ensayo, observamos un aumento estadístico significativo en los niveles de todos los parámetros evaluados, encontrando un aumento de aproximadamente 1.3 veces en los niveles de hemoglobina y ferritina y en el volumen de los glóbulos rojos; el hierro sérico fue 1.1 veces mayor. Estos hallazgos son una demostración del amplio espectro de las características medicinales de la Moringa y establecen una estrategia prometedora y accesible, fácil de incorporar a la dieta de las familias de los niños que sufren esta patología.

463 THE USE OF FERINJECT TO MANAGE IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH NECK OF FEMUR FRACTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii8-ii13
Author(s):  
O Meakin ◽  
S Adejumo
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Eligible Patient ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Iron Deficient

Abstract Introduction Iron-deficiency anaemia is a condition that is regularly seen in patients admitted with neck of femur fractures (NOFF) and is associated with increased morbidity peri-operatively. Intravenous ferinject is a method of iron replacement that leads to a more rapid increase in haemoglobin than oral replacement, therefore is often more favourable in this patient group, leading to better patient outcomes. Method A quality improvement project was undertaken. An initial audit was conducted to analyse the demographic of patients with NOFF and to assess the current practice of the orthogeriatric team when managing iron deficiency anaemia. This reviewed NOFF patients admitted in July 2017. The indications and benefits of ferinject were distributed to the medical team, encouraging use clinically, and a further audit was performed 2 years later to compare outcomes and practice, reviewing patients with NOFF admitted July–September 2019. Results It was found that 87% of patients with NOFF are iron-deficient on admission, and that introducing the use of ferinject meant that 50% fewer blood transfusions were required. Additionally, it highlighted that those who received ferinject during their admission had a smaller range of discharge haemoglobin levels than those who did not. Finally, it was found that the use of ferinject did not affect the rates of readmission in the assessed patient cohort. Conclusions The introduction of the use of ferinject in NOFF patients with iron-deficiency anaemia leads to a reduction in the requirement of blood transfusions required and to a reduction of the range of discharge haemoglobin levels. Ferinject therefore aids in improved recovery of NOFF patients. It does not, however, appear to have any effect on readmission rates in this patient group. Further education is required amongst the orthogeriatric team about the indications and benefits of ferinject to ensure that all eligible patient receive ferinject, improving their recovery.

Audit of the prevalence and investigation of iron deficiency anaemia in patients with heart failure in hospital practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (1134) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Steny Simon ◽  
Adam Ioannou ◽  
Stuart Deoraj ◽  
Sofia Metaxa ◽  
Amit K J Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Iron Replacement

Purpose of the studyIron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in heart failure patients. The aim of our audit was to evaluate the current practice in diagnosis and assessment of IDA in patients admitted with heart failure.Study designWe conducted a retrospective audit of patients admitted to our hospital between January 2017 and June 2017 with a diagnosis of heart failure, and obtained data regarding each patient’s demographics and anaemic status. We also conducted a qualitative survey to assess healthcare professionals’ ability to diagnose IDA, and their knowledge of iron replacement in heart failure patients.ResultsOur audit identified 218 heart failure patients, nearly two-thirds (n=138, 63.3%) of which were anaemic. Of the 138 anaemic patients, only 40 had a full haematinic screen compared with 98 who had incomplete investigations (29% vs 71%, p=0.007). Iron studies were the most commonly performed haematinic investigation (n=87, 63%), and over half of these patients were iron deficient (n=49, 56.3%). Only 12 (24.5%) iron deficient patients were prescribed oral iron therapy, while 37 (75.5%) were left without iron replacement (X2=12.8, p=0.0003). Our survey demonstrated a lack of awareness among healthcare professionals with only 19.7% of participants being able to correctly define anaemia and 9.1% being aware of guidelines regarding treatment of IDA.ConclusionMany patients admitted to hospital with heart failure also have a concomitant diagnosis of anaemia. The aetiology of the underlying anaemia is often poorly investigated, and where IDA is identified it is poorly treated.

scholarly journals Low prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia among Inuit preschool children: Nunavut Inuit Child Health Survey, 2007–2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Pacey ◽  
Hope Weiler ◽  
Grace M Egeland
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Household Crowding ◽  
Low Prevalence

AbstractObjectiveTo report the prevalence rates and correlates for anaemia, iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) among Inuit preschool-aged children.DesignA cross-sectional study assessed iron intake, demographic information, medical history, anthropometrics, Hb, ferritin, C-reactive protein and antibodies toHelicobacter pylori.SettingSixteen selected Inuit communities in Nunavut Territory, Canada.SubjectsInuit (n388) aged 3–5 years randomly recruited from communities.ResultsAnaemia (3–4 years: Hb < 110 g/l; 5 years: Hb < 115 g/l) was prevalent in 16·8 % of children. The prevalence of ID (ferritin < 12 μg/l) was 18·0 % and that of IDA was 5·4 %. When ID was defined as ferritin <10 μg/l, 10·8 % of children were iron deficient and 3·3 % had IDA. In multiple logistic regression, boys were more likely to be iron deficient (OR = 2·28, 95 % CI 1·17, 8·25), but no other risk factor emerged for ID. Three- to 4-year-olds were less likely than 5-year-olds to have anaemia from causes other than ID (OR = 0·11, 95 % CI 0·08, 0·58). Anaemia from other causes was more common among children residing in crowded homes (OR = 2·30, 95 % CI 1·37, 12·31) and those treated for past-year ear infection (OR = 1·35, 95 % CI 1·05, 7·21).ConclusionsThe low prevalence of ID and IDA is encouraging, but efforts are still needed to reduce rates as they continue to be higher than general population rates. Household crowding and infections may contribute to anaemia and warrant further research.

Porphyrin synthesis and metabolism in iron deficiency anaemia: II. in vitro studies

1968 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Prato ◽  
U. Mazza ◽  
A. L. Massaro ◽  
G. Bianco ◽  
V. Battistini
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Porphyrin Synthesis

Some Properties of Human Platelet Monoamine Oxidase in Iron-Deficiency Anaemia

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. H. Youdim ◽  
D. G. Grahame-Smith ◽  
H. F. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

1. Monoamine oxidase activity in platelets prepared from the blood of patients with iron-deficiency anaemia was significantly lowered when compared with that in platelets from normal subjects. 2. The Km values of the platelet enzyme for the substrates dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, phenylethylamine and kynuramine were similar for the platelet enzyme from iron-deficient and normal groups. 3. Heat-inactivation studies showed that the platelet monoamine oxidase from iron-deficient subjects was more labile to this treatment, when compared with the platelet enzyme from normal subjects. 4. The sensitivity of platelet monoamine oxidase to the inhibitors, clorgyline and deprenil, was increased in iron-deficiency anaemia. 5. Binding studies with the 14C-binding irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, deprenil, showed that the amount of enzyme capable of binding this inhibitor was lowered by 48% in platelets from iron-deficient patients when compared with platelets from normal subjects. 6. The results show that there is a lowered amount of active enzyme in platelets from iron-deficient subjects. It is suggested that iron is necessary either for the synthesis of monoamine oxidase apoenzyme or is a cofactor for an enzyme which attaches flavin—adenine dinucleotide covalently to the monoamine oxidase apoenzyme.

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