scholarly journals Techno-economic evaluation of biogas production from food waste via anaerobic digestion

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Al-Wahaibi ◽  
Ahmed I. Osman ◽  
Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb ◽  
Othman Alqaisi ◽  
Mahad Baawain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Major Constituent

Abstract Food waste is a major constituent in municipal solid wastes and its accumulation or disposal of in landfills is problematic, causing environmental issues. Herein, a techno-economic study is carried out on the potential of biogas production from different types of food waste generated locally. The biogas production tests were at two-time sets; 24-h and 21-day intervals and results showed a good correlation between those two-time sets. Thus, we propose to use the 24-h time set to evaluate feedstock fermentation capacity that is intended for longer periods. Our approach could potentially be applied within industry as the 24-h test can give a good indication of the potential substrate gas production as a quick test that saves time, with minimal effort required. Furthermore, polynomial models were used to predict the production of total gas and methane during the fermentation periods, which showed good matching between the theoretical and practical values with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.99. At day 21, the accumulative gas production value from mixed food waste samples was 1550 mL per 1 g of dry matter. An economic evaluation was conducted and showed that the case study breaks-even at $0.2944 per cubic metre. Any prices above this rate yield a positive net present value (NPV); at $0.39/m3 a discounted payback period of six years and a positive NPV of $3108 were calculated. If waste management fee savings are to be incorporated, the total savings would be higher, increasing annual cash flows and enhancing financial results. This economic evaluation serves as a preliminary guide to assess the economic feasibility based on the fluctuating value of methane when producing biogas from food waste via anaerobic digestion, thus could help biogas project developers investigate similar scale scenarios .

scholarly journals Effect of yeast addition on the biogas production performance of a food waste anaerobic digestion system

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 200443
Author(s):  
Ming Gao ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Xinxin Ma ◽  
Weijie Guan ◽  
Na Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Stability

Food waste contains numerous easily degradable components, and anaerobic digestion is prone to acidification and instability. This work aimed to investigate the effect of adding yeast on biogas production performance, when substrate is added after biogas production is reduced. The results showed that the daily biogas production increased 520 and 550 ml by adding 2.0% (volatile solids; VS) of activated yeast on the 12th and 37th day of anaerobic digestion, respectively, and the gas production was relatively stable. In the control group without yeast, the increase of gas production was significantly reduced. After the second addition of substrate and yeast, biogas production only increased 60 ml compared with that before the addition. After fermentation, the biogas production of yeast group also increased by 33.2% compared with the control group. Results of the analysis of indicators, such as volatile organic acids, alkalinity and propionic acid, showed that the stability of the anaerobic digestion system of the yeast group was higher. Thus, the yeast group is highly likely to recover normal gas production when the biogas production is reduced, and substrate is added. The results provide a reference for experiments on the industrialization of continuous anaerobic digestion to take tolerable measures when the organic load of the feed fluctuates dramatically.

Effect of Oil Content on Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste under Mesophilic Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Lian Hai Ren ◽  
Yan Bing Huang ◽  
Pan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Continuous Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Dry Anaerobic Digestion

The variations of daily biogas yields, cumulative biogas yields, biogas composition analysis, total solids (TS) and volatile solids (VS) were studied in the process of mesophilic and dry anaerobic digestion of food waste under different oil contents (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) at 35 °C. The gas production raised and then went down with the oil content, followed by 243.14, 245.64, 256.09, 269.25, 276.54, 284.22mL /g TS respectively. The research provided a reference for the pretreatment of food waste in follow-up continuous fermentation. Results showed that the period of the process of mesophilic dry anaerobic digestion under oil content of 0% was the shortest, with the total biogas production of 1275.5mL. During the process of the digestion, methane content of the biogas raised and then went down, up to a maximum of 77.62%. The removal rate of TS and VS in food waste with the oil content of 6% was the highest, obtained as 11.2% and 13.2%, respectively.

scholarly journals Biogas potential of organic waste onboard cruise ships — a yet untapped energy source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Schumüller ◽  
Dirk Weichgrebe ◽  
Stephan Köster
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Detailed Presentation

AbstractTo tap the organic waste generated onboard cruise ships is a very promising approach to reduce their adverse impact on the maritime environment. Biogas produced by means of onboard anaerobic digestion offers a complementary energy source for ships’ operation. This report comprises a detailed presentation of the results gained from comprehensive investigations on the gas yield from onboard substrates such as food waste, sewage sludge and screening solids. Each person onboard generates a total average of about 9 kg of organic waste per day. The performed analyses of substrates and anaerobic digestion tests revealed an accumulated methane yield of around 159 L per person per day. The anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste (50:50 VS) emerged as particularly effective and led to an increased biogas yield by 24%, compared to the mono-fermentation. In the best case, onboard biogas production can provide an energetic output of 82 W/P, on average covering 3.3 to 4.1% of the total energy demand of a cruise ship.

Technical and economic feasibility analysis of an anaerobic digestion plant fed with canteen food waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 938-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Huiru ◽  
Yan Yunjun ◽  
Federica Liberti ◽  
Bartocci Pietro ◽  
Francesco Fantozzi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Feasibility Analysis

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Combined Irish Potato and Poultry Wastes: Optimization and Kinetic Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.36) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Umar M. Ibrahim ◽  
Saeed I. Ahmed ◽  
Babagana Gutti ◽  
Idris M. Muhammad ◽  
Usman D. Hamza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Potato Waste ◽  
Initial Ph

The combination of Irish potato waste (IPW) and poultry waste (PW) can form a synergy resulting into an effective substrate for a better biogas production due to some materials they contain. In this work, optimization and kinetic study of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of IPW and PW was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize conditions such as initial pH, solids concentrations and waste ratios. The anaerobic digestion of the two wastes was carried out in the mesophilic condition and Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to develop and analyze a predictive model which describes the biogas yield. The results revealed that there is a good fit between the experimental and the predicted biogas yield as revealed by the coefficient of determination (R2) value of 97.93%. Optimization using quadratic RSM predicts biogas yield of 19.75% at the optimal conditions of initial pH value 7.28, solids concentration (w/v) 9.85% and waste ratio (IPW:PW) 45:55%. The reaction was observed to have followed a first order kinetics having R2 and relative squared error (RSE) values of 90.61 and 9.63% respectively. Kinetic parameters, such as rate constant and half-life of the biogas yield were evaluated at optimum conditions to be 0.0392 day-1 and 17.68 days respectively. The optimum conditions and kinetic parameters generated from this research can be used to design real bio-digesters, monitor substrate concentrations, simulate biochemical processes and predict performance of bio-digesters using IPW and PW as substrate.  

Feasibility Study on the Implementation of CO2-EOR Coupled with Sequestration in Trinidad via Reservoir Simulation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.. Narinesingh ◽  
D. V. Boodlal ◽  
D.. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Co2 Eor

Abstract The paper seeks to assess the technical and economic feasibility of implementing carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery (CO2 EOR) in Trinidad and Tobago from flue gas production whilst mitigating the effect of greenhouse gases via CO2 sequestration. An existing power plant in Trinidad was selected as the CO2 source. As such, actual CO2 volumes and properties were found and used in this analysis. However, a hypothetical field was chosen as the appropriate sink, which can be analogous to a field in onshore Trinidad. A detailed reservoir model was built using the compositional fluid model CMG-GEM. Various scenarios were simulated to determine the optimum number of producers for primary production and the best location of the injectors for CO2 EOR. The optimum number of producers for the reservoir during primary production was found. In addition, the most favorable location of the injector to avoid early breakthrough and increase oil recovery was also determined. Many key parameters were reported from this investigation. These included OIIP, forecasted production and primary recovery. After primary production, CO2 EOR was then implemented with the use of the reservoir and fluid models and the additional recovery is reported. Other Key CO2-EOR parameters such as CO2 utilization rate and total sequestered CO2 were also quantified. Though a hypothetical reservoir was used, all associated data were defined and once an actual reservoir is known, the same technically rigid methodology can be applied. The OIIP was found to be 6.74 MMSTB for the selected reservoir. Based on an economic net present value (NPV) assessment, the optimum number of production wells for field development was found to be 3. At the end of primary production from these three wells (with 2.375 in. tubing), a total of 1.83 MMSTB were produced. This corresponded to a primary recovery factor of 27.2% over 4 years and 2 months. For CO2 EOR coupled with sequestration, these three wells were manipulated and used as 1 injector and 2 producers. CO2 EOR led to another 1.07 MMSTB of recovery for a total of 2.9 MMSTB (43.04% Recovery) for the ten year life of the project. A total of 5427 MMSCF (287 000 tons) of CO2 was sequestered in the reservoir (40.39% Storage) at an injection pressure of 1400 psi.

scholarly journals Adjusting Organic Load as a Strategy to Direct Single-Stage Food Waste Fermentation from Anaerobic Digestion to Chain Elongation

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Vicky De Groof ◽  
Marta Coma ◽  
Tom C. Arnot ◽  
David J. Leak ◽  
Ana B. Lanham
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Operating Strategy

Production of medium chain carboxylic acids (MCCA) as renewable feedstock bio-chemicals, from food waste (FW), requires complicated reactor configurations and supplementation of chemicals to achieve product selectivity. This study evaluated the manipulation of organic loading rate in an un-supplemented, single stage stirred tank reactor to steer an anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiome towards acidogenic fermentation (AF), and thence to chain elongation. Increasing substrate availability by switching to a FW feedstock with a higher COD stimulated chain elongation. The MCCA species n-caproic (10.1 ± 1.7 g L−1) and n-caprylic (2.9 ± 0.8 g L−1) acid were produced at concentrations comparable to more complex reactor set-ups. As a result, of the adjusted operating strategy, a more specialised microbiome developed containing several MCCA-producing bacteria, lactic acid-producing Olsenella spp. and hydrogenotrophic methanogens. By contrast, in an AD reactor that was operated in parallel to produce biogas, the retention times had to be doubled when fed with the high-COD FW to maintain biogas production. The AD microbiome comprised a diverse mixture of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria, and acetoclastic methanogens. The results suggest that manipulation of organic loading rate and food-to-microorganism ratio may be used as an operating strategy to direct an AD microbiome towards AF, and to stimulate chain elongation in FW fermentation, using a simple, un-supplemented stirred tank set-up. This outcome provides the opportunity to repurpose existing AD assets operating on food waste for biogas production, to produce potentially higher value MCCA products, via simple manipulation of the feeding strategy.

scholarly journals Improved Food Waste Stabilization and Valorization by Anaerobic Digestion Through Supplementation of Conductive Materials and Trace Elements

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sinan Akturk ◽  
Goksel N. Demirer
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Electron Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Conductive Material ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Environmentally Safe

The positive effects of conductive material supplementation on anaerobic digestion have been mainly investigated for single synthetic substrates, while its significance for real and complex organic wastes such as food waste has not been sufficiently investigated. This study investigated the effect of conductive material (biochar and magnetite) and trace metal supplementation on the anaerobic digestion of food waste by means of biochemical methane potential assays. The results indicated that the supplementation of biochar and trace metals improved both total biogas production and methane yields. A biochar dose of 2.0 and 5.0 g/L resulted in 11.2 ± 6.5 and 27.3 ± 9.5% increase in biogas and 8.3 ± 6.8 and 33.2 ± 2.8% increase in methane yield, respectively. Moreover, the same reactors demonstrated high food waste stabilization performance of over 80% chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency. These results indicate that biochar supplementation leads to more enhanced anaerobic digestion operation that could be through increased surface area for microbial growth and/or direct interspecies electron transfer mechanism. In turn, food waste will not only be stabilized but also valorized by anaerobic digestion at higher efficiencies that support sustainable waste management through both environmentally safe disposal and value-added generation.

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