scholarly journals Sweat and saliva cortisol response to stress and nutrition factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Pearlmutter ◽  
Gia DeRose ◽  
Cheyenne Samson ◽  
Nicholas Linehan ◽  
Yuqiao Cen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Stress Monitoring ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Cortisol Release ◽  
Distress Scale

Abstract Cortisol is a biomarker for stress monitoring; however, the biomedical and clinical relevance is still controversial due to the complexity of cortisol secretion mechanisms and their circadian cycles as well as environmental factors that affect physiological cortisol level, which include individual mood and dietary intake. To further investigate this multifaceted relationship, a human pilot study examined cortisol concentration in sweat and saliva samples collected from 48 college-aged participants during aerobic exercise sessions along with mental distress and nutrition surveys. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays determined highly significant differences between apocrine-dominant sweat (AP), saliva before exercise (SBE), and saliva after exercise (SAE) cortisol concentration (AP-SBE: p = 0.0017, AP-SAE: p = 0.0102). A significantly greater AP cortisol concentration was detected in males compared to females (p = 0.0559), and significant SAE cortisol concentration differences were also recorded between recreational athletes and non-athletes (p = 0.044). However, Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10) scores, an examination administered to deduce overall wellness, provided no significant differences between males and females or athletes and non-athletes in distress levels, which statistically signifies a direct relationship to cortisol was not present. For further analysis, dietary intake from all participants was considered to investigate whether a multiplexed association was prevalent between nutrition, mood, and cortisol release. Significant positive correlations between AP cortisol, SAE cortisol, K10 scores, and fat intake among female participants and athletes were discovered. The various machine learning algorithms utilized the extensive connections between dietary intake, overall well-being, sex factors, athletic activity, and cortisol concentrations in various biofluids to predict K10 scores. Indeed, the understanding of physiochemical stress response and the associations between studied factors can advance algorithm developments for cortisol biosensing systems to mitigate stress-based illnesses and improve an individual’s quality of life.

scholarly journals Relationship between Maternal Mood Disorders and Dietary Intake of 3-Year-Olds

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Minatsu Kobayashi ◽  
Kohei Ogawa ◽  
Naho Morisaki ◽  
Hisako Tanaka ◽  
Reiko Horikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Maternal Mood ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Distress Scale

Maternal depression affects parenting and children’s early development, but its effect on dietary intake is unknown. While husbands’ involvement in parenting and having friends to talk to may reduce childcare stress, this has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, mothers were stratified by the presence or absence of mood disorders, and the effects of support from their husbands and friends on the dietary intake of their 3-year-old children were examined. This cross-sectional analysis included 920 mother-child pairs examined at the National Center for Child Health and Development in Japan. Dietary intake was assessed using a brief dietary history questionnaire, and physical measurements were taken when the children were 3 years old. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale was used to screen for maternal mood disorders, 3 years after delivery. The presence or absence of the husband’s assistance with housework and childcare, mental support, and friends was obtained from a self-administered questionnaire when the child was 3 years old. Differences in the children’s physical measurements, energy, and food intake with the presence or absence of support for subjects with or without mood disorders were compared. Mothers with support from husbands or friends had significantly fewer mood disorders. Support from friends and family did not affect the children’s physical development and whether or not mothers had mood disorder symptoms. However, children’s vegetable intake was higher if mothers were supported. Children of mothers with mood disorders had a significantly higher vegetable intake and fruit intake, depending on the support from friends ( P = 0.046 ,   P = 0.037 ); thus, such support may increase children’s vegetable and fruit intake. The results of this study revealed the importance of supportive friends and family regarding childcare.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Factors associated with psychological distress, fear, and coping strategies among community members across 17 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aziz Rahman ◽  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Patraporn Tungpunkom ◽  
Farhana Sultana ◽  
Sheikh M. Alif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Distress Scale

Abstract Background The current pandemic of COVID-19 impacted the psychological wellbeing of populations globally. Objectives We aimed to examine the extent and identify factors associated with psychological distress, fear of COVID-19 and coping. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study across 17 countries during Jun-2020 to Jan-2021. Levels of psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), fear of COVID-19 (Fear of COVID-19 Scale), and coping (Brief Resilient Coping Scale) were assessed. Results A total of 8,559 people participated; mean age (±SD) was 33(±13) years, 64% were females and 40% self-identified as frontline workers. More than two-thirds (69%) experienced moderate-to-very high levels of psychological distress, which was 46% in Thailand and 91% in Egypt. A quarter (24%) had high levels of fear of COVID-19, which was as low as 9% in Libya and as high as 38% in Bangladesh. More than half (57%) exhibited medium to high resilient coping; the lowest prevalence (3%) was reported in Australia and the highest (72%) in Syria. Being female (AOR 1.31 [95% CIs 1.09-1.57]), perceived distress due to change of employment status (1.56 [1.29-1.90]), comorbidity with mental health conditions (3.02 [1.20-7.60]) were associated with higher levels of psychological distress and fear. Doctors had higher psychological distress (1.43 [1.04-1.97]), but low levels of fear of COVID-19 (0.55 [0.41-0.76]); nurses had medium to high resilient coping (1.30 [1.03-1.65]). Conclusions The extent of psychological distress, fear of COVID-19 and coping varied by country; however, we identified few higher risk groups who were more vulnerable than others. There is an urgent need to prioritise health and well-being of those people through well-designed intervention that may need to be tailored to meet country specific requirements.

scholarly journals The Brief Emotional Experience Scale (BEES): Reliability and validity as a measure of positive and negative emotion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane L. Rogers ◽  
Travis Cruickshank ◽  
Ken Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Mood Variability ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Distress Scale

The Brief Emotional Experience Scale (BEES) has been used in several studies, however its reliability and validity are yet to be investigated. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the BEES across three independent studies. In studies 1 and 2, convergent validity was established between the BEES with existing emotional well-being instruments - The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE), the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21), and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10/K6). Confirmatory factor analysis of the BEES reveals it confirms to the same two-factor structure as the SPANE that includes positive and negative emotion. Study 3 provides an example of the utility of the BEES for monitoring temporal changes in mood. BEES scores fluctuated depending on self-reported positive and negative events during the week. Additionally, mood variability as determined by the standard deviation of BEES scores, was negatively associated with mean levels of emotion.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Factors Associated with Psychol­­­ogical Distress, Fear, and Coping Strategies among Community Members Across 17 Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aziz Rahman ◽  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Patraporn Tungpunkom ◽  
Farhana Sultana ◽  
Sheikh M Alif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Coping Scale ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Distress Scale

Abstract Background: The current pandemic of COVID-19 impacted the psychological wellbeing of populations globally. Objectives: We aimed to examine the extent and identify associated factors of psychological distress, fear of COVID-19, and coping.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study across 17 countries during Jun-2020 to Jan-2021. Levels of psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), fear of COVID-19 (Fear of COVID-19 Scale), and coping (Brief Resilient Coping Scale) were assessed. Results: A total of 8,559 people participated; mean age (±SD) was 33(±13) years, 64% were females and 40% self-identified as frontline workers. More than two-thirds (69%) experienced moderate-to-very high levels of psychological distress, which was 46% in Thailand and 91% in Egypt. A quarter (24%) had high levels of fear of COVID-19, which was as low as 9% in Libya and as high as 38% in Bangladesh. More than half (57%) exhibited medium to high resilient coping; the lowest prevalence (3%) was reported in Australia and the highest (72%) in Syria. Being female (AOR 1.31 [95% CIs 1.09-1.57]), perceived distress due to change of employment status (1.56 [1.29-1.90]), comorbidity with mental health conditions (3.02 [1.20-7.60]) were associated with higher levels of psychological distress and fear. Doctors had higher psychological distress (1.43 [1.04-1.97]), but low levels of fear of COVID-19 (0.55 [0.41-0.76]); nurses had medium to high resilient coping (1.30 [1.03-1.65]). Conclusions: The extent of psychological distress, fear of COVID and coping varied by country; however, some groups were more vulnerable than others. There is an urgent need to prioritise health and well-being of these people through well-designed intervention that may need to be tailored to meet country specific requirements.

Psychometric Properties of Farsi Version of the Wish to be Dead Scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboubeh Dadfar ◽  
David Lester ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Atef Vahid ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Farsi Version

The Wish to be Dead Scale (WDS) is a new scale to measure precursors to suicidal ideation, and the aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric characteristics of a Farsi version of the WDS. The sample was a convenience sample of 145 Iranian female undergraduates and postgraduates selected from different faculties at Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Using a principal component analysis and a varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization, three factors were identified and labeled: (a) lack of purpose and usefulness in life, (b) lack of interest in living, and (c) fantasizing about being dead. The WDS had good inter-item and test–retest reliability and significant positive correlations with scores on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and negative correlations with scores on the Adult Hope Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Love of Life Scale, the Life Orientation Test, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. We conclude that the WDS may prove to be useful in clinical practice and research into suicide.

scholarly journals Risk Perception and Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Healthcare Workers in Primary and Secondary Healthcare Settings in Qatar: A National Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110397
Author(s):  
Nisha Kader ◽  
Bushra Elhusein ◽  
Samya Al Abdulla ◽  
Abdul Hakeem Hamza ◽  
Muna Al Maslamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Mental Well Being

Introduction: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, primary and secondary healthcare workers (HCWs) have faced unprecedented stress, jeopardizing their mental well-being. Aims: To compare risk perception and psychological distress between primary and secondary HCWs. Method: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted with HCWs in Qatar from April 5 to July 5, 2020. Psychological distress and risk perception were assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, a perceived COVID-19 risk questionnaire, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Of the 4417 participating HCWs, 3421 (90.3%) felt that their job increased their risk of COVID-19 exposure, 3759 (90.9%) accepted this as part of their job, and 3440 worried that this also increased the risk of exposure to their families. Moreover, 2911 (84.8%) believed that their employer would look after their needs if they contracted COVID-19. Moderate to severe psychological distress was present in 1346 (30.5%) HCWs. Primary HCWs were less likely to experience moderate to severe psychological distress than secondary HCWs (adjusted OR, 0.48; 95% CI 0.29-0.77, P = .003). Secondary HCWs who worked in COVID-19 designated areas had greater psychological distress. Conclusions: HCWs’ exposure to outbreaks has various psychological effects, which may have long-term consequences and affect their decision-making capacity. Strategies to enhance the mental well-being of HCWs exposed to COVID-19 should be introduced immediately.

Kessler Psychological Distress Scale

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Kessler ◽  
G. Andrews ◽  
L. J. Colpe ◽  
E. Hiripi ◽  
D. K. Mroczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Kessler Psychological Distress Scale

The mental health of Australian medical practitioners during Covid-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 103985622110108
Author(s):  
Michelle Anne Adams ◽  
Matthew Brazel ◽  
Richard Thomson ◽  
Hannah Lake
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Junior Doctor ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Mental Health Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Health Diagnosis

Objectives: To ascertain whether doctors were experiencing higher rates of distress during Covid-19 and whether this was impacted by demographic factors. Our hypotheses were that being a junior doctor, having a previous mental health diagnosis and treating Covid-19 positive patients would predict higher rates of distress. Methods: Cross-sectional survey conducted via Survey Monkey. Voluntary participants were recruited from the mailing list of a national-based referral service for doctors to psychiatrists. Distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Demographic factors were analysed for predictive value of a higher rating on the K10. Areas of concern in relation to Covid-19 and preference for support services were measured on a Likert scale and compared to levels of distress. Results: The rate of very high distress was 15%. Being a junior doctor and having a previous mental health diagnosis were predictive factors of a higher K10 score. K10 was not affected by likelihood of contact with Covid-19-positive patients. Social isolation had a larger impact on mental health in the context of a previous psychiatric diagnosis. Face-to-face assessments were preferred. Conclusions: Rates of distress in doctors have been higher than baseline during Covid-19. Some groups have been particularly vulnerable.

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