scholarly journals A novel 3D technique to assess symmetry of hemi pelvises

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Bakhshayesh ◽  
Ahmed Zaghloul ◽  
Benjamin Michael Sephton ◽  
Anders Enocson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Reconstruction ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Anterior Aspect ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Hemi

Abstract Anatomical reconstruction of pelvic fractures has been shown to affect functional outcome. Using the contra lateral side of the extremities to create a template for an ipsilateral reconstruction is common practice in orthopedic surgery. We aimed to assess whether hemi pelvises are symmetrical in terms of translation and rotation using 3D reconstruction, point to point mirroring and merging of the 3D created volumes, a method with previous proven high precision and accuracy. CT images of ten randomly selected patients were used. The DICOM images were converted to STL files. Three dimensional images of left hemi pelvis were reversed and merged with the right side. The posterior aspect of the pelvises was considered static and the anterior aspect as moving. Differences in translation and rotation were measured. There were no statistically significant differences between right and left hemi pelvis. The 95% confidence interval (CI) for all mean angular differences between right hemi pelvis and mirrored left hemi pelvis were − 2° to 1.5°. The 95% CI for all mean translational differences between these two objects were − 2.3 to 2.9 mm. Differences between the right hemi pelvis and the mirrored images of the left hemi pelvis for any patient greater than 3 mm or 2 degrees could be excluded with a 95% confidence. The left and right hemi pelvis of healthy adults are symmetrical enough. The pre-operative planning based on a healthy contra lateral side seems reasonable.

scholarly journals Boundary conditions of patient-specific fluid dynamics modelling of cavopulmonary connections: possible adaptation of pulmonary resistances results in a critical issue for a virtual surgical planning

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Pennati ◽  
Chiara Corsini ◽  
Daria Cosentino ◽  
Tain-Yen Hsia ◽  
Vincenzo S. Luisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
Cavopulmonary Anastomosis ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
The Right

Cavopulmonary connections are surgical procedures used to treat a variety of complex congenital cardiac defects. Virtual pre-operative planning based on in silico patient-specific modelling might become a powerful tool in the surgical decision-making process. For this purpose, three-dimensional models can be easily developed from medical imaging data to investigate individual haemodynamics. However, the definition of patient-specific boundary conditions is still a crucial issue. The present study describes an approach to evaluate the vascular impedance of the right and left lungs on the basis of pre-operative clinical data and numerical simulations. Computational fluid dynamics techniques are applied to a patient with a bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis, who later underwent a total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). Multi-scale models describing the surgical region and the lungs are adopted, while the flow rates measured in the venae cavae are used at the model inlets. Pre-operative and post-operative conditions are investigated; namely, TCPC haemodynamics, which are predicted using patient-specific pre-operative boundary conditions, indicates that the pre-operative balanced lung resistances are not compatible with the TCPC measured flows, suggesting that the pulmonary vascular impedances changed individually after the surgery. These modifications might be the consequence of adaptation to the altered pulmonary blood flows.

scholarly journals Usefulness of three-dimensional echocardiography for assessment of left and right ventricular volumes in children, verified by cardiac magnetic resonance. Can we overcome the discrepancy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Halszka Kamińska ◽  
Łukasz A. Małek ◽  
Marzena Barczuk-Falęcka ◽  
Bożena Werner
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Volumes ◽  
3D Echo ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Dimensional Echocardiography ◽  
Three Dimensional Echocardiography ◽  
The Right

IntroductionThe role of three-dimensional echocardiography (3D-ECHO) chamber quantification in children is still underestimated.Material and methodsIn 43 children 3D-ECHO measurements of end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic ventricular volumes (ESV) were compared to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) using Bland-Altman analysis and linear regression. The values of left and right ventricular volumes calculated in 3D-ECHO were compared with each other and verified by CMR.ResultsThe values of LV-EDV and LV-ESV measured in 3D-ECHO showed highly significant correlations with CMR (for LV-EDV r = 0.892, p < 0.00001; for LV-ESV r = 0.896, p < 0.00001). In the case of the right ventricle the correlation of 3D-ECHO results with CMR was still high (RV-EDV r = 0.848, p < 0.00001, RV-ESV r = 0.914, p < 0.00001), although mean RV-EDV and RV-ESV in 3D-ECHO were underestimated compared to CMR (by 38% for RV-EDV and 45% for RV-ESV). Correction of 3D-ECHO results using the coefficient of 1.38 and 1.45 for RV-EDV and RV-ESV, respectively, significantly improved the consistency of the results with CMR. 3D-ECHO offered lower mean values of right ventricular volumes compared to the left ventricle. The discrepancy was again reduced by the calculated coefficients.Conclusions3D-ECHO is a valuable tool for assessment of left ventricular volume, which strongly correlates and agrees with CMR. The right ventricular volumes calculated in 3D-ECHO tend to be significantly underestimated in comparison to CMR and corresponding left ventricular volumes obtained from 3D-ECHO. The use of coefficients developed by the study improves the consistency of right ventricular volumes measured by 3D-ECHO with results obtained by CMR and reduces the volumetric discrepancy between ventricles in 3D-ECHO.

scholarly journals Plicae Palmatae on MR in Uterus Didelphys: the Incidence and Morphological Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Wang Xiaoying
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Uterus Didelphys ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cervical Disease ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Plicae Palmatae

Objective: To investigate the incidence of plicae palmatae in uterus didelphys and its morphological characteristics on MR imaging. Methods: We retrospectively collected 37 consecutive female pelvic MR images diagnosed with uterus didelphys between August 2012 and November 2020. Patients with the following conditions were excluded: (a) repeated examination; (b) poor image quality; (c) cervical disease. Axial and coronal T2-weight images and axial three-dimensional (3D) volumetric isotropic T2-weighted acquisition (VISTA) were used to evaluate the ridge of plicae palmatae (RPP). A multiplanar reformation of the cervical axis from 3D-VISTA sequence was performed to measure the height and width of RPP. Non-normal variables based on the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for statistical analysis. A two-tailed test where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Twenty-six cases were finally included in the statistics. The average age was 25.7±9.0 years (range, 10-45 years). RPP was observed on both cervices in 16 patients (61.5%), only on the left cervix in 3 patients (11.5%), and only on the right cervix in 4 patients (15.4%). There were 3 cases with no RPP observed in any of their cervix (11.5%).All RPP appear symmetrically on the anterior and posterior walls of the cervix. There was no statistically significant difference in height, width, and height/width of the RPP in the left and right cervix (p＞0.05). Conclusions: RPP is encountered in 88.5% patients with duplicated uterine cervices in our cohort. This incidence is similar to that reported in women with normal uterus of reproductive age.

Three-Dimensional Starch Model for Simulation of Corrective Osteotomy for a Complex Bone Deformity: A Case Report

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tominaga Shimizu ◽  
Fumio Fujioka ◽  
Hiroki Gomyo ◽  
Kenichi Isobe ◽  
Kunio Takaoka
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Osteotomy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Limb Lengthening ◽  
Valgus Deformity ◽  
Bone Deformity ◽  
Plastic Model ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Planning Technique ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomography Data

The complex valgus deformity of the right ankle of a 24-year-old Maffucci syndrome man was corrected by three-dimensional osteotomy followed by limb lengthening. Before surgical correction of the deformity, we used computed tomography data to make a life-size three-dimensional plastic model of the deformed ankle for an accurate understanding of the anatomical deformity. We then used this model to perform a simulated osteotomy. The real osteotomy was performed immediately afterwards and valgus and recurvatum deformities were corrected accurately. We recommend simulated surgery using a three-dimensional plastic model which will improve the pre-operative planning technique and the accuracy of the end results.

scholarly journals Volume fusion of CT images to measure femoral symmetricity

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Bakhshayesh ◽  
Olof Sandberg ◽  
Vishal Kumar ◽  
Adam Ali ◽  
Anders Enocson
Keyword(s):  
Distal Femur ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
3D Images ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Abstract Purpose Pre-operative planning is widely used in orthopaedic surgery. In case of trauma with fracture or previous injury with malunion, the contralateral extremity is used as a surrogate for planning with an assumption of symmetry between sides. The aim of this study was to investigate femoral symmetricity in human adults. Methods Ten randomly selected lower extremity computerized tomography (CT) images were analyzed for femur symmetry using 3D Trauma and CT motion analysis (CTMA). Mirrored images of the left femur were created using the right as a template. The 3D images from each side were merged, and translational and rotational differences reported. Results There were no statistically significant differences between mirrored images of the left and right femurs. Differences in rotation and translation of bony segmentation showed a greater variation in internal and external rotation of the distal femur (CI − 0.7° to 4.9°) compared to varus/valgus (CI − 1.3° to 0.8°) or flexion/extension (CI − 0.5° to 0.6°), though none of these differences were significant. Conclusion The left and right femurs of healthy adults are symmetrical. Pre-operative templating relying on the contralateral healthy femur is encouraged.

scholarly journals Histological and radiological changes in cranial bone in the presence of bone wax

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassio Eduardo Raposo-Amaral ◽  
Ana Beatriz Albino de Almeida ◽  
Gustavo Paschoal ◽  
Daniela Franco Bueno ◽  
Luiz Carlos Vulcano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Cranial Bone ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Calvarial Defects ◽  
Radiological Changes ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Osseous Defect ◽  
The Right

PURPOSE: To quantify the amount of bone formation in the calvarial region of Wistar rats after craniotomy using bone wax as a haemostatic agent. METHODS: Surgery to produce bilateral, symmetric, full-thickness cranial defects (area: 18 mm²) was performed in eight animals. The right side of the cranium remained open and the edges of the left side osseous defect was covered with bone wax. Calvaria were imaged immediately after surgery and 12 weeks postoperatively by computerized tomography. The areas of the bone defects were measured in three-dimensional images using Magics 13.0 (Materialise-Belgic, software CAD). RESULTS: The average amount of bone formation on the left and right side respectively was 4.85 mm² and 8.16 mm². Statistically significant differences between the amount of bone formation on the left and right sides were seen. CONCLUSIONS: Bone wax significantly diminishes the rate of bone formation in calvarial defects in a rat model.

Coding of Spatial Information in the Somatosensory System: Evidence from Patients with Neglect following Parietal Lobe Damage

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris Moscovitch ◽  
Marlene Behrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Somatosensory System ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Unilateral parietal lobe damage, particularly in the right cerebral hemisphere, leads to neglect of stimuli on the contra lateral side. To determine the reference frame within which neglect operates in the somatosensory system, 11 patients with unilateral neglect were touched simultaneously on the left and right side of the wrist of one hand. The hand was tested in both the palm up and the palm down position. Patients neglected the stimuli on the side of space contra lateral to the lesion regardless of hand position. These results indicate that point-localization in the somatosensory system is accomplished with respect to a spatially defined frame-of-reference and not strictly with respect to somatotopically defined coordinates.

Finding the Right Problems: Some HREM Applications to Interfaces

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 376-379
Author(s):  
D. Cherns
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Atomic Structures ◽  
Grain Boundary Structure ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Better Than

The use of high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) to determine the atomic structure of grain boundaries and interfaces is a topic of great current interest. Grain boundary structure has been considered for many years as central to an understanding of the mechanical and transport properties of materials. Some more recent attention has focussed on the atomic structures of metalsemiconductor interfaces which are believed to control electrical properties of contacts. The atomic structures of interfaces in semiconductor or metal multilayers is an area of growing interest for understanding the unusual electrical or mechanical properties which these new materials possess. However, although the point-to-point resolutions of currently available HREMs, ∼2-3Å, appear sufficient to solve many of these problems, few atomic models of grain boundaries and interfaces have been derived. Moreover, with a new generation of 300-400kV instruments promising resolutions in the 1.6-2.0 Å range, and resolutions better than 1.5Å expected from specialist instruments, it is an appropriate time to consider the usefulness of HREM for interface studies.

The three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated left- and right-handed forms of bacterial flagellar filaments from an identical serotype

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
S. Trachtenberg ◽  
D. J. DeRosier
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Protein Species ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Bacterial Flagellum ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Rotary Motor ◽  
Helical Parameters

The bacterial cell is propelled through the liquid environment by means of one or more rotating flagella. The bacterial flagellum is composed of a basal body (rotary motor), hook (universal coupler), and filament (propellor). The filament is a rigid helical assembly of only one protein species — flagellin. The filament can adopt different morphologies and change, reversibly, its helical parameters (pitch and hand) as a function of mechanical stress and chemical changes (pH, ionic strength) in the environment.

Comparison of the efficiency of the indexes of Pont and Korkhause with Kernott technique in patients with narrowing of maxilla

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
O. I. Admakin ◽  
I. A. Solop ◽  
A. D. Oksentyuk
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Standard Analysis ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Control Models ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
Medical University

Relevance. The narrowing of the maxilla is one of the most common pathologies in orthodontics. Recent studies show that the narrowing is always asymmetric which is connected to the rotation of the maxilla. To choose the treatment correctly one need a calculation that reveals the asymmetry, which is impossible with using standard indexes.Purpose – to compare efficiency of indexes of Pont and Korkhause with the Kernott's method in patients with narrowing of the maxilla.Materials and methods. The study involved 35 children aged from 8 to 12 years old undergoing dental treatment in the University Children's Clinical Hospital of the First Moscow State Medical University with no comorbidities. For every patient a gypsum model was prepared and after that to carry out the biometrical calculation. In this study two indexes were used: Pont's index and Korkhause's; using this standard analysis the narrowing of the maxilla was revealed. After using Pont's Index and Korkhaus analysis all the models were calculated by the method of Kernott with Kernott's dynamic pentagon.Results. As a result of the analysis of the control diagnostic models a narrowing of the maxilla in 69% of cases (n = 24) was revealed in all cases, the deviation of the size of the dentition was asymmetric. Thus, 65% of the surveyed models showed a narrowing on the right. This narrowing was of a different severity and averaged 15 control models.Conclusions. This shows that for the biometrics of diagnostic models it is necessary to use methods that allow to estimate the width of the dentition rows on the left and on the right separately. To correct the asymmetric narrowing of the dentition, it is preferable to use non-classical expanding devices that act equally on the left and right sides separetly.

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