scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of toothbrush monofilament containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler on Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saaya Matayoshi ◽  
Ryota Nomura ◽  
Takahiro Kitamura ◽  
Rena Okawa ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Oral Environment

AbstractThe oral environment affects not only oral health, but also general health, and the importance of oral self-care has recently been recognised. Although toothbrushes are the most important self-care product, there are few toothbrushes that have an inhibitory effect on oral bacteria. In the present study, monofilaments used for toothbrushes containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler (a component recently applied to various dental materials) were developed. Among nylon and polyester monofilaments commonly used for toothbrushes, nylon monofilaments can accommodate more S-PRG filler than polyester monofilaments, resulting in greater release of ions from the S-PRG filler. These monofilaments containing S-PRG filler formed less biofilm containing Streptococcus mutans, a major pathogen of dental caries, than monofilaments without S-PRG filler. Moreover, S. mutans adhering to monofilaments containing S-PRG filler were more easily exfoliated and eliminated than those adhering to monofilaments without S-PRG filler. Such inhibitory effects on S. mutans were more marked in nylon monofilaments than in polyester monofilaments. These findings that monofilaments containing S-PRG filler can release ions and have an inhibitory effect on S. mutans suggest that they may be an effective material for toothbrushes.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of a gel paste containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler on the cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Nomura ◽  
Takahiro Kitamura ◽  
Saaya Matayoshi ◽  
Jumpei Ohata ◽  
Yuto Suehiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

AbstractSurface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler is a bioactive functional glass that releases six different ions. Although several dental materials containing S-PRG filler have been developed, few self-care products containing S-PRG filler have been reported. We investigated the inhibitory effects of PRG gel paste containing S-PRG filler on Streptococcus mutans, a major pathogen of dental caries. PRG gel paste inhibited bacterial growth of S. mutans in a concentration-dependent manner, and all S. mutans were killed in the presence of ≥ 1% PRG gel paste. Additionally, it was difficult for S. mutans to synthesize insoluble glucan from sucrose in the presence of 0.1% PRG gel paste. A biofilm formation model was prepared in which slices of bovine enamel were infected with S. mutans after treatment with or without PRG gel paste. Biofilm formation was inhibited significantly more on the enamel treated with PRG gel paste than on enamel without PRG gel paste (P < 0.001). The inhibitory effects on bacterial growth and biofilm formation were more prominent with PRG gel paste than with S-PRG-free gel paste, suggesting that PRG gel paste may be effective as a self-care product to prevent dental caries induced by S. mutans.

scholarly journals Effect of Polyols and Selected Dental Materials on the Ability to Create a Cariogenic Biofilm–On Children Caries-Associated Streptococcus Mutans Isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Staszczyk ◽  
Anna Jurczak ◽  
Marcin Magacz ◽  
Dorota Kościelniak ◽  
Iwona Gregorczyk-Maga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dental Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Milk Teeth ◽  
Sweet Foods ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Bacterial Film

Secondary caries is a disease associated with the formation of biofilm on the border of the tooth and dental filling. Its development is strongly influenced by the dietary sweet foods and the type of dental material. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of sweeteners on the ability of clinical Streptococcus mutans strains to form biofilm on dental materials. Strains were isolated from plaque samples from 40 pediatric patients from the 3–6 ICADS II group. The ability to form biofilm was tested on composite and glass ionomer dental materials used for milk teeth filling in the presence of sucrose, xylitol, sorbitol, and erythritol. The bacterial film mass after 12, 24, 48, and 72 h and the number of bacterial colonies significantly decreased (p < 0.01) compared to the initial value for 5% erythritol and sorbitol on examined materials. A greater inhibitory effect was noted for glass ionomers compared to composites. Sucrose and xylitol supported biofilm formation, while erythritol had the best inhibitory effect. The use of fluoride-releasing glass ionomers exerted an effect synergistic to erythritol, i.e., inhibited plaque formation and the amount of cariogenic S. mutans. Selection of proper type of dental material together with replacing sucrose with polyols can significantly decrease risk of secondary caries development. Erithritol in combination with glass ionomer seems to be the most effective in secondary caries prevention.

scholarly journals Bacterial Adhesion on Glass–Ionomer Cements and Micro/Nano Hybrid Composite Dental Surfaces

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Klemen Bohinc ◽  
Erna Tintor ◽  
Davor Kovačević ◽  
Rajko Vidrih ◽  
Anamarija Zore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Composite Surface

Dental restorations need to reproduce the aspect of the natural teeth of the patient, and must be non-toxic, biocompatible, and have good mechanical properties so that they can last for longer. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of bacterial adhesion of Streptococcus mutans on four different dental material surfaces, i.e., two glass–ionomer cements (Fuji conventional and Fuji hybrid) and two ceramic composites (Micro hybrid composite and Nano hybrid composite). To understand the bacterial adhesion on these four different dental materials, various surface properties were measured: roughness, contact angle, CIE color parameters and zeta potential. We found that the greatest adhesion extent was obtained for the Nano hybrid composite surface. The pronounced adhesion is the interplay between the relatively high roughness and hydrophilicity of the Nano hybrid composite surface. Color changes upon immersing ceramic composites in red wine and black tea proved that both beverages adhered to them. Black tea adhered more intensively than wine, and showed a higher inhibitory effect on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Substantivity Properties of Silver Nanoparticles against Oral Microbiomes Clinically Isolated from Young and Young-Adult Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
León Francisco Espinosa-Cristóbal ◽  
Carolina Holguín-Meráz ◽  
Erasto Armando Zaragoza-Contreras ◽  
Rita Elizabeth Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Alejandro Donohue-Cornejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Biofilms

The dental plaque is an oral microbiome hardly associated to be the etiological agent of dental caries and periodontal disease which are still considered serious health public problems. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have demonstrated to have good antimicrobial properties affecting a wide variety of microorganisms, including oral bacteria; however, there is no scientific information that has evaluated the antimicrobial effect of AgNPs against clinical oral biofilms associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial and substantivity effects of AgNPs in oral biofilms isolated clinically from patients with dental caries and periodontal disease. Sixty-seven young and young-adult subjects with dental caries and periodontal disease were clinically sampled through the collection of subgingival dental plaque. The inhibitory effect of AgNPs was performed with standard microbiological assays by triplicate using two sizes of particle. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to identify the presence of specific bacterial species. All AgNPs showed an inhibitory effect for all oral biofilms for any age and, generally, any gender (p>0.05); however, the effectiveness of the antimicrobial and substantivity effects was related to particle size, time, and gender (p<0.05). The identified microorganisms were S. mutans, S. sobrinus, S. sanguinis, S. gordonii, S. oralis, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and P. intermedia. The AgNPs could be considered as a potential antimicrobial agent for the control and prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Mutacin B-Ny266, a Lantibiotic Active against Caries Pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Dufour ◽  
Abdelahhad Barbour ◽  
Yuki Chan ◽  
Marcus Cheng ◽  
Taimoor Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Chromosomal Locus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Plaque Biofilm

ABSTRACT Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized proteinaceous antibacterial peptides. They selectively interfere with the growth of other bacteria. The production and secretion of bacteriocins confer a distinct ecological advantage to the producer in competing against other bacteria that are present in the same ecological niche. Streptococcus mutans, a significant contributor to the development of dental caries, is one of the most prolific producers of bacteriocins, known as mutacins in S. mutans. In this study, we characterized the locus encoding mutacin B-Ny266, a lantibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity. The chromosomal locus is composed of six predicted operon structures encoding proteins involved in regulation, antimicrobial activity, biosynthesis, modification, transport, and immunity. Mutacin B-Ny266 was purified from semisolid cultures, and two inhibitory peptides, LanA and LanA′, were detected. Both peptides were highly modified. Such modifications include dehydration of serine and threonine and the formation of a C-terminal aminovinyl-cysteine (AviCys) ring. While LanA peptide alone is absolutely required for antimicrobial activity, the presence of LanA′ enhanced the activity of LanA, suggesting that B-Ny266 may function as a two-peptide lantibiotic. The activation of lanAA′ expression is most likely controlled by the conserved two-component system NsrRS, which is activated by LanA peptide but not by LanA′. The chromosomal locus encoding mutacin B-Ny266 was not universally conserved in all sequenced S. mutans genomes. Intriguingly, the genes encoding LanAA′ peptides were restricted to the most invasive serotypes of S. mutans. IMPORTANCE Although dental caries is largely preventable, it remains the most common and costly infectious disease worldwide. Caries is initiated by the presence of dental plaque biofilm that contains Streptococcus mutans, a species extensively characterized by its role in caries development and formation. S. mutans deploys an arsenal of strategies to establish itself within the oral cavity. One of them is the production of bacteriocins that confer a competitive advantage by targeting and killing closely related competitors. In this work, we found that mutacin B-Ny266 is a potent lantibiotic that is effective at killing a wide array of oral streptococci, including nearly all S. mutans strains tested. Lantibiotics produced by oral bacteria could represent a promising strategy to target caries pathogens embedded in dental plaque biofilm.

Anti-Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus mutans by Jasmine Mouthwash

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Sroisiri Thaweboon ◽  
Boonyanit Thaweboon
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Causative Microorganism ◽  
Warm Temperate

Streptococcus mutans has been reported to be a major causative microorganism for oral biofilm associated with dental caries. Jasmine sambac or Arabian jasmine is a species of jasmine native to tropical and warm temperate regions particularly West and Southeast Asia. The antimicrobial activities of essential oil extracted from the flowers of J. sambac have been shown to attract researchers. Objective: To determine the anti-biofilm formation of S. mutans by mouthwash containing jasmine oil. Materials and Methods: S. mutans KPSK2, the cariogenic strain of oral streptococci was used in the study. The 24-h biofilms of S. mutans were formed on polystyrene plates treated with jasmine mouthwash. The 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate and phosphate buffer saline mouthwash were used as a positive and negative control respectively. The amount of biofilm was quantified by crystal violet staining and spectrophotometry at an optical density of 595 nm. Results: Jasmine mouthwash showed a significant inhibitory effect on S. mutans biofilm formation by decreasing 43% of biofilm whereas that of chlorhexidine showed 71% reduction. Conclusion: The anti-biofilm formation property of jasmine mouthwash was elucidated; therefore it might be another drug of choice that can be used as an adjunct to control the oral health in the prevention of dental caries.

scholarly journals Characterization of Recombinant, Ureolytic Streptococcus mutans Demonstrates an Inverse Relationship between Dental Plaque Ureolytic Capacity and Cariogenicity

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 2621-2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Anne Clancy ◽  
Sylvia Pearson ◽  
William H. Bowen ◽  
Robert A. Burne
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Streptococcus Salivarius ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Dental caries results from prolonged plaque acidification that leads to the establishment of a cariogenic microflora and demineralization of the tooth. Urease enzymes of oral bacteria hydrolyze urea to ammonia, which can neutralize plaque acids. To begin to examine the relationship between plaque ureolytic activity and the incidence of dental caries, recombinant, ureolytic strains ofStreptococcus mutans were constructed. Specifically, theureABCEFGD operon from Streptococcus salivarius57.I was integrated into the S. mutans chromosome in such a way that the operon was transcribed from a weak, cognate promoter inS. mutans ACUS4 or a stronger promoter in S. mutans ACUS6. Both strains expressed NiCl2-dependent urease activity, but the maximal urease levels in ACUS6 were threefold higher than those in ACUS4. In vitro pH drop experiments demonstrated that the ability of the recombinant S. mutans strains to moderate a decrease in pH during the simultaneous metabolism of glucose and urea increased proportionately with the level of urease activity expressed. Specific-pathogen-free rats that were infected with ACUS6 and fed a cariogenic diet with drinking water containing 25 mM urea and 50 μM NiCl2 had relatively high levels of oral urease activity, as well as dramatic decreases in the prevalence of smooth-surface caries and the severity of sulcal caries, relative to controls. Urease activity appears to influence plaque biochemistry and metabolism in a manner that reduces cariogenicity, suggesting that recombinant, ureolytic bacteria may be useful to promote dental health.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial interactions between the phytoextracts of Callistemon citrinus and Eriobotrya japonica against Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ONEN HEALY ◽  
KAVUO SIFA JUDITH ◽  
Bukusuba Samuel ◽  
NAMBOKO KUTOSI JERALD
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Coarse Powder ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Product Formulation ◽  
Negative Controls

Streptococcus mutans is a gram-positive bacterium in the oral cavity that is most implicated in the dental caries progression. The condition is very expensive to manage and the most commonly used products such as fluoride tooth pastes and alcohol-based mouth washes are associated with many side effects. The current study therefore focused on providing a scientific evidence to guide the use of a combination of Eriobotrya japonica (EJ) and Callistemon citrinus (CC) as actives in development of an effective and cheaper herbal formulation for management of dental caries. The objective of this study was to determine antimicrobial interactions of Eriobotrya japonica and Callistemon citrinus phytoextracts proportions against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The leaves of both plants (EJ and CC) were shade-dried and pulverized into a coarse powder which were then cold macerated using ethanol (60 %) for 24 h. Phytochemical screening was conducted for the two dry extracts obtained after fan drying before they were mixed in to five different proportions (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:1). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays against Streptococcus mutans were done for all the proportions above with ciprofloxacin and 2.5 % Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the positive and negative controls respectively. Antimicrobial interactions between the two extracts were also evaluated using Fractional Inhibitory and Bacterial Concentration Indices (FICI/FBCI). Results showed that EJ and CC had percentage yields of 20.05 % and 15.45 % respectively. All the extracts showed similar phytochemical profiles. They also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans with MIC and MBC values ranging from 521 to 3333 µg/ml and 1042 to 3667 µg/ml respectively. However, CC: EJ (1:0) had the lowest MIC and MBC comparable to that of the standard drug at P <0.05. The FICI/FBCI were between 1.5 and 3.917. Therefore, CC: EJ (1:0) proportion markedly demonstrated better antimicrobial activity against the test organism and there are no beneficial antimicrobial interactions between the two plant extracts to inform their combination as actives for dental caries product formulation.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect ofBacillus velezensison Biofilm Formation byStreptococcus mutans

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesol Yoo ◽  
Dong-Ho Seo ◽  
Hyunjin Lee ◽  
Young-Do Nam ◽  
Myung-Ji Seo
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis

ABSTRACTStreptococcus mutansplays a key role in the development of dental caries and promotes the formation of oral biofilm produced by glucosyltransferases (GTFs).Bacillus velezensisK68 was isolated from traditional fermented foods and inhibits biofilm formation mediated byS. mutans. Gene amplification results demonstrated thatB. velezensisK68 contained genes for the biosynthesis of 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), a known GTF expression inhibitor. The presence of the GabT1, Yktc1, and GutB1 genes required for 1-DNJ synthesis inB. velezensisK68 was confirmed. Supernatant fromB. velezensisK68 culture medium inhibited biofilm formation by 84% whenS. mutanswas cultured for 48 h, and inhibited it maximally when 1% glucose was added to theS. mutansculture medium as a GTF substrate. In addition, supernatant fromB. velezensisK68 medium containing 3 ppb 1- DNJ decreasedS. mutanscell surface hydrophobicity by 79.0 ± 0.8% compared with that of untreated control. The supernatant containing 1-DNJ decreasedS. mutansadherence by 99.97% and 98.83% under sugar-dependent and sugar-independent conditions, respectively.S. mutanstreated with the supernatant exhibited significantly reduced expression of the essential GTF genesgtfB,gtfC,andgtfDcompared to that in the untreated group. Thus,B. velezensisinhibits the biofilm formation, adhesion, and GTF gene expression ofS. mutansthrough 1- DNJ production.IMPORTANCEDental caries is among the most common infectious diseases worldwide, and its development is closely associated with physiological factors of bacteria, such as the biofilm formation and glucosyltransferase production ofStreptococcus mutans.Biofilms are difficult to remove once they have formed due to the exopolysaccharide matrix produced by the microorganisms residing in them; thus, inhibiting biofilm formation is a current focal point of research into prevention of dental caries. This study describes the inhibitory properties ofBacillus velezensisK68, an organism isolated from traditional Korean fermented foods, against biofilm formation byS. mutans. Herein, we show thatB. velezensisinhibits the biofilm formation, adherence to surfaces, and glucosyltransferase production ofS. mutans.

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