scholarly journals Proposal for an initial screening method for identifying microplastics in marine sediments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiro Hata ◽  
Ningjun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sieving Process ◽  
Geotechnical Testing

AbstractMarine debris, which is often called microplastics, is widespread in marine environments, particularly in sediments, and is recognized as an environmental hazard because it concentrates contaminants, forms biofilms, and sinks into marine sediments. In sediments, it may be ingested by benthos and have a negative impact on higher food chain levels. In this study, a new protocol was developed to identify microplastics in various sediment fractions. This protocol combined sieving and staining based on ordinal geotechnical/geological testing methods. The sieving process was derived from the conventional particle size distribution test, and nontoxic dyes were employed in the staining process. The protocol is safe and easy to perform as it merely involves the use of conventional geological/geotechnical testing equipment. The new protocol was successfully employed to stain and categorize different types and sizes of microplastic particles from contaminated sediments. This safe, easy-to-use, and efficient protocol can serve as the basis for a new alternative approach to study microplastics present in sediments, which can be performed using basic materials familiar to geotechnical/geological engineers.

The Diagnosis of Lupus Anticoagulants by the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time - The Central Role of Phosphatidyl Serine

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Kelsey ◽  
K J Stevenson ◽  
L Poller
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Test System ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Constant Composition ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulants ◽  
Different Types

SummaryLiposomes of pure phospholipids were used in a modified APTT test system and the role of phosphatidyl serine (PS) in determining the sensitivity of the test system to the presence of lupus anticoagulants was assessed. Six consecutive patients with lupus anticoagulants and seven haemophiliacs with anticoagulants directed at specific coagulation factors, were studied. Increasing the concentration of phospholipid in the test system markedly reduced the sensitivity to lupus anticoagulants but had marginal effect on the specific factor inhibitors. The same effect was achieved when the content of PS alone was increased in a vehicle liposome of constant composition.The results suggest that the lupus anticoagulants can best be detected by a screening method using an APTT test with a reagent of low PS content. The use of a reagent rich in PS will largely abolish the lupus anticoagulant’s effect on the APTT. An approach using the two different types of reagent may facilitate differentiation of lupus inhibitors from other types of anticoagulant.

scholarly journals Threat or Corrective? Assessing the Impact of Populist Parties in Government on the Qualities of Democracy: A 19-Country Comparison

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Davide Vittori
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Scholars have long debated whether populism harms or improves the quality of democracy. This article contributes to this debate by focusing on the impact of populist parties in government. In particular, it inquires: (1) whether populists in government are more likely than non-populists to negatively affect the quality of democracies; (2) whether the role of populists in government matters; and (3) which type of populism is expected to negatively affect the quality of liberal-democratic regimes. The results find strong evidence that the role of populists in government affects several qualities of democracy. While robust, the findings related to (2) are less clear-cut than those pertaining to (1). Finally, regardless of their role in government, different types of populism have different impacts on the qualities of democracy. The results show that exclusionary populist parties in government tend to have more of a negative impact than other forms of populism.

scholarly journals Assessment of the mercury contamination of landfilled and recovered foundry waste – a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 462-470
Author(s):  
Marta Bożym ◽  
Beata Klojzy-Karczmarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Foundry Sands ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Component

Abstract Environmental pollution by mercury is a local problem in Poland and concerns mainly industrial sites. Foundry waste are usually characterized by low mercury content compared to other heavy metals. Spent foundry sands with low content of Hg are the main component of foundry waste. However, Hg may be present in foundry dust, which may also be landfilled. Due to Hg toxicity, even a minimal content may have a negative impact on biota. This study focuses on assessing the mercury content of landfilled foundry waste (LFW), to assess its toxicity. Currently tested waste is recovered and reused as a road aggregate. The results were compared with the mercury content of local soils as the reference level. Waste samples were taken from foundry landfill. The mercury content, fractional composition, organic matter (OM) and total organic carbon content, pH and elementary composition of waste were analysed. It was found that the mercury content in LFW was very low, at the level of natural content in soils and did not pose a threat to the environment. The statistical analysis shows that mercury was not associated with OM of the waste, in contrast to soils, probably due to different types of OM in both materials.

Abrasive Wear Research on Rubber

1961 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wellinger ◽  
H. Uetz
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Sand Blasting ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Paper Method ◽  
Abrasive Paper ◽  
Blasting Method

Abstract The abrasion resistance of five different types of rubber were compared with steel (St 37) by various testing methods, such as the abrasive paper method, the abrasion cup method and the sand blasting method. The order of resistance of the various types of rubber against sand blasting is different from the order which is obtained with the sandpaper and abrasion cup methods. However, variations of the testing conditions within one method generally does not change the order. It has been shown, that rubber is more resistant against sand blasting than other materials investigated (basalb, malleable steel, non-alloyed hard castings) if the sand blast is directed essentially perpendicularly against the tested surface.

“De terughaalactie geld alleen voor de hierboven afgebelede pizza’s geldig.”

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariet Raedts ◽  
Irene Roozen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Product Recalls ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Product Recall ◽  
Brand Evaluations ◽  
Different Types

Consumers’ responses to product recalls with language errors Consumers’ responses to product recalls with language errors Product recall notices not only warn consumers for faulty products, they also limit the damage which may be caused to the company. But what happens when the product recall notice itself contains errors? This study investigated the effects of three different types of language errors: typographical errors, verb errors and sentence errors. Four versions of a product recall were created. The control condition contained no errors. The other three versions contained either five typos, five grammatical conjugation errors or five poorly formed sentences. Participants (N = 710) were randomly assigned to one of the four conditions. Results indicate that participants who detected the errors, had lower attitudes towards the advertisement and the company than participants in the control condition and participants who failed to detect the errors. Poorly formed sentences also had a negative impact on consumers’ brand evaluations and their future product purchase intentions. Hence, language errors in product recall notices can have negative consequences for companies.

scholarly journals A Study on Pattern Recognition with the Histograms of Oriented Gradients in Distorted and Noisy Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-478
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bukała ◽  
Michał Koziarski ◽  
Bogusław Cyganek ◽  
Osman Koç ◽  
Alperen Kara
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Denoising Method ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Histograms Of Oriented Gradients ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Salt And Pepper

Histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) are still one of the most frequently used low-level features for pattern recognition in images. Despite their great popularity and simple implementation performance of the HOG features almost always has been measured on relatively high quality data which are far from real conditions. To fill this gap we experimentally evaluate their performance in the more realistic conditions, based on images affected by different types of noise, such as Gaussian, quantization, and salt-and-pepper, as well on images distorted by occlusions. Different noise scenarios were tested such anti-distortions during training as well as application of a proper denoising method in the recognition stage. As underpinned with experimental results, the negative impact of distortions and noise on object recognition with HOG features can be significantly reduced by employment of a proper denoising strategy.

scholarly journals Object recognition using hybrid boosting method

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Ashfaq
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Covariance Matrix ◽  
Local Region ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Local Descriptor ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Boosting Method ◽  
Mixture Of Gaussian ◽  
Diagonal Covariance Matrix

Li (ICCV, 2005) proposed a novel generative/discriminative way to combine features with different types and use them to learn labels in the images. However, the mixture of Gaussian used in Li’s paper suffers greatly from the curse of dimensionality. Here I propose an alternative approach to generate local region descriptor. I treat GMM with diagonal covariance matrix and PCA as separate features, and combine them as the local descriptor. In this way, we could reduce the computational time for mixture model greatly while score greater 90% accuracies for caltech-4 image sets.

scholarly journals Three-point linkage analysis in crosses of allogamous plant species

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. RIDOUT ◽  
S. TONG ◽  
C. J. VOWDEN ◽  
K. R. TOBUTT
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Analysis ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
General Type ◽  
Diploid Plant ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Many ◽  
Map Function

Ritter & Salamini (1996) presented a systematic account of two-point linkage analysis in allogamous diploid plant species. Vowden et al. (1995) described an alternative approach that is implemented in a computer program LINKEM. This paper describes how the latter approach has been extended to three-point linkage analysis, and implemented in a new program LINK3EM that is available from the authors. The essence of the approach is for the computer program to derive the appropriate form of analysis for a specific cross from its ‘knowledge’ of the most general type of cross that can arise. This avoids the need for programming specific codes for the many different types of cross that can arise. The program allows different locus orderings and parental phases to be compared. The Haldane or Kosambi map functions can be specified, although it is also possible to estimate all three pairwise recombination fractions without any assumed map function.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Correlation to Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in Patients with Biliary Obstructions

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Biliary Tract Disease ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
The Common ◽  
Tract Disease

Abdominal Ultrasonography (USG) is an appropriate initial screening method for detection of biliary tract disease the consultants sometimes encounter patients who only have findings of dilatation of the Common Bile Duct (CBD) on US without specic biliary symptoms or jaundice.

STUDY ON EFFECTS OF DISTRUTIVE AGENTS ON THE ARTWORKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽  
◽  
Emese Bonta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The paper describes a series of effects created by the impact of environmental factors on artworks in museums, as well as the way that active monitoring of these destructive agents (temperature and relative humidity) is done. Over time, artefacts exhibited within museums are subject to a series of degradations caused by external factors (air components, humidity, temperature, sunlight, bacteria, molds or fungi etc.), which can leave a negative impact on these goods with cultural value. The main observed negative effects are directly and intimate related to the deterioration of wood sculptures by the occurrence of cracks and the installation of different types of bacteria; the appearance of brownish-red spots on the surface of the paper and the increase in its reliability; various types of corrosion of artworks from different metals; color losses and cracks on paintings etc. The study brings to the fore the damaging effects produced on the different cultural works hosted within the County Art Museum - Art Center Baia Mare.

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