scholarly journals Developing a pro-angiogenic placenta derived amniochorionic scaffold with two exposed basement membranes as substrates for cultivating endothelial cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siavash Shariatzadeh ◽  
Sepehr Shafiee ◽  
Ali Zafari ◽  
Tahereh Tayebi ◽  
Ghasem Yazdanpanah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Dorsal Skinfold Chamber ◽  
Proliferation Capacity ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Endothelial Adhesion Molecules

AbstractDecellularized and de-epithelialized placenta membranes have widely been used as scaffolds and grafts in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Exceptional pro-angiogenic and biomechanical properties and low immunogenicity have made the amniochorionic membrane a unique substrate which provides an enriched niche for cellular growth. Herein, an optimized combination of enzymatic solutions (based on streptokinase) with mechanical scrapping is used to remove the amniotic epithelium and chorion trophoblastic layer, which resulted in exposing the basement membranes of both sides without their separation and subsequent damages to the in-between spongy layer. Biomechanical and biodegradability properties, endothelial proliferation capacity, and in vivo pro-angiogenic capabilities of the substrate were also evaluated. Histological staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for collagen IV, and scanning electron microscope demonstrated that the underlying amniotic and chorionic basement membranes remained intact while the epithelial and trophoblastic layers were entirely removed without considerable damage to basement membranes. The biomechanical evaluation showed that the scaffold is suturable. Proliferation assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction for endothelial adhesion molecules, and IHC demonstrated that both side basement membranes could support the growth of endothelial cells without altering endothelial characteristics. The dorsal skinfold chamber animal model indicated that both side basement membranes could promote angiogenesis. This bi-sided substrate with two exposed surfaces for cultivating various cells would have potential applications in the skin, cardiac, vascularized composite allografts, and microvascular tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Developing a Pro-Angiogenic Amniochorionic-Derived Decellularized Scaffold with Two Exposed Basement Membranes for Cultivating Endothelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siavash Shariatzadeh ◽  
Sepehr Shafiee ◽  
Tahereh Tayebi ◽  
Ghasem Yazdanpanah ◽  
Alireza Majd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Dorsal Skinfold Chamber ◽  
Proliferation Capacity ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Decellularized Scaffold

Abstract Decellularized placental membrane has widely been used as scaffold and graft in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Exceptional pro-angiogenic and biomechanical properties and low immunogenicity have made the amniochorionic membrane a unique scaffold which provides enriched niche for cellular growth. Herein, an optimized combination of enzymatic solutions (based on Streptokinase) with mechanical scrapping is used to remove the amniotic epithelium and chorion trophoblastic layer, which results in exposing the basement membranes of both sides without their separation and subsequent damages to the in-between spongy layer. Biomechanical and biodegradability properties, endothelial proliferation capacity, and in-vivo pro-angiogenic capabilities of the scaffold were also evaluated. Histological staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrated that the underlying amniotic and chorionic basement membranes remained intact while the epithelial and trophoblastic layers were entirely removed without considerable damage to basement membranes. The biomechanical evaluation showed that the scaffold is suturable. Proliferation assay and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that both side basement membranes could support growth of endothelial cells without altering endothelial characteristics. The dorsal skinfold chamber animal model indicated that both side basement membranes could promote angiogenesis. This bi-sided decellularized scaffold with two exposed surfaces for cultivating various cells would have potential applications in skin, cardiac, vascularized composite allografts, and microvascular tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Advanced Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Recent Progress and Future Directions

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4199
Author(s):  
Mahshid Hafezi ◽  
Saied Nouri Khorasani ◽  
Mohadeseh Zare ◽  
Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany ◽  
Pooya Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range

Cartilage is a tension- and load-bearing tissue and has a limited capacity for intrinsic self-healing. While microfracture and arthroplasty are the conventional methods for cartilage repair, these methods are unable to completely heal the damaged tissue. The need to overcome the restrictions of these therapies for cartilage regeneration has expanded the field of cartilage tissue engineering (CTE), in which novel engineering and biological approaches are introduced to accelerate the development of new biomimetic cartilage to replace the injured tissue. Until now, a wide range of hydrogels and cell sources have been employed for CTE to either recapitulate microenvironmental cues during a new tissue growth or to compel the recovery of cartilaginous structures via manipulating biochemical and biomechanical properties of the original tissue. Towards modifying current cartilage treatments, advanced hydrogels have been designed and synthesized in recent years to improve network crosslinking and self-recovery of implanted scaffolds after damage in vivo. This review focused on the recent advances in CTE, especially self-healing hydrogels. The article firstly presents the cartilage tissue, its defects, and treatments. Subsequently, introduces CTE and summarizes the polymeric hydrogels and their advances. Furthermore, characterizations, the advantages, and disadvantages of advanced hydrogels such as multi-materials, IPNs, nanomaterials, and supramolecular are discussed. Afterward, the self-healing hydrogels in CTE, mechanisms, and the physical and chemical methods for the synthesis of such hydrogels for improving the reformation of CTE are introduced. The article then briefly describes the fabrication methods in CTE. Finally, this review presents a conclusion of prevalent challenges and future outlooks for self-healing hydrogels in CTE applications.

Trajectory-Based Tissue Engineering for Cartilage Repair: Correlation Between Maturation Rate and Integration Capacity

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Fisher ◽  
Nicole Söegaard ◽  
David R. Steinberg ◽  
Robert L. Mauck
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Vitro Assay

Given the limitations of current surgical approaches to treat articular cartilage injuries, tissue engineering (TE) approaches have been aggressively pursued over the past two decades. Although biochemical and biomechanical properties on the order of the native tissue have been achieved (1–5), several in-vitro and in-vivo studies indicate that increased tissue maturity may limit the ability of engineered constructs to remodel and integrate with surrounding cartilage, although results are highly variable (2, 6–8). Thus, “static” measures of construct maturity (e.g. compressive modulus) upon implantation may not be the best indicators of in-vivo success, which likely requires implanted TE constructs to mature, remodel, and integrate with the host over time to achieve optimal results. We recently introduced the concept of “trajectory-based” tissue engineering (TB-TE), which is based on the general hypothesis that time-dependent increases in construct maturation in-vitro prior to implantation (i.e. positive rates) may provide a better predictor of in-vivo success (9). As a first step in evaluating this concept, in the current study we hypothesized that time-dependent increases in equilibrium modulus (a metric of growth) would be correlated to ability of constructs to integrate to cartilage using an in-vitro assay. To test this hypothesis, the current objective was to determine and model the time course of maturation of TE constructs during in-vitro culture and to assess the ability of these constructs to integrate to cartilage at various points during their maturation.

scholarly journals A review of chitosan-, alginate-, and gelatin-based biocomposites for bone tissue engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Potential Applications

Bone diseases and injuries have a major impact on the quality of life. Classical treatments for bone repair/regeneration/replacement have various disadvantages. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) received a great attention in the last years. Natural polymers are intensively studied in this field due to their properties (biocompatibility, biodegradability, abundance in nature, high processability). Unfortunately, their mechanical properties are poor, which is why synthetic polymers or ceramics are added in order to provide the optimal compressive, elastic or fatigue strength. Moreover, growth factors, vitamins, or antimicrobial substances are also added to enhance the cell behavior (attachment, proliferation, and differentiation). In this review, new scientific results regarding potential applications of chitosan-, alginate-, and gelatin based biocomposites in BTE will be provided, along with their in vitro and/or in vivo tests.

Use of Polyelectrolyte Films in Vascular Tissue Engineering

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kerdjoudj ◽  
V. Moby ◽  
N. Berthelemy ◽  
J. C. Voegel ◽  
P. Menu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Layer By Layer

Vascular diseases with their high morbidity and mortality are a major challenge for medical science, engaging the best minds in modern medicine. The development of antithrombogenic surfaces still remains a huge challenge in the vascular tissue engineering field. Various researchers have expanded surface coating procedures allowing endothelial cells (EC) adhesion and retention on vascular substitutes or by incorporating some of the mechanisms employed by vascular endothelial cells i.e. heparin. The short in vivo patency of these grafts is related. Our group study evaluates a new surface modification based on polyelectrolyte building. The layer by layer self assembly and the result in polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEM) became also in a recent past a challenging, simple and versatile way to engineer surfaces with highly specific properties. Previous studies indicated that the poly(sodium-4 styrene sulfonate)/poly (allylamine hydrochloride) PSS/PAH multilayered films when ended by PAH induce strong adhesion and retention of mature EC which spread and keep their phenotype as well on glass [1,2], on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene ePTFE [3] and on cryopreserved arteries [4,5]. The mechanical properties (compliance), leading to early intimal hyperplasia and graft failure, were lost after artery cryopreservation. We have demonstrated the compliance restoration of PEM treated cryopreserved close to native arteries [5]. The use of an autologous EC source avoids the immunological rejections of the grafts. With an autologous origin, high proliferation capacity and potentialities to proliferate and differentiate into matures EC, the endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have raised huge interest and offer new opportunities in vascular engineering. Currents protocols for isolation and differentiation of EPC from peripheral blood requires at least 1 month to observe an endothelium-like morphology and about 2 months for confluent EC monolayer. The EPC cultivated on PEM treated glasses showed a monolayer development after only 14 days of culture. The morphological appearance and mature phenotype markers expression and repartition of the monolayer cells are close to mature EC [6]. These main results have led to French patent deposit in June 2007[7].

In Vivo Pulmonary Tissue Engineering: Contribution of Donor-Derived Endothelial Cells to Construct Vascularization*

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Mondrinos ◽  
Sirma H. Koutzaki ◽  
Honesto M. Poblete ◽  
M. Cecilia Crisanti ◽  
Peter I. Lelkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue

scholarly journals Microfluidics-Based Fabrication of Cell-Laden Hydrogel Microfibers for Potential Applications in Tissue Engineering

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Wang ◽  
Luanluan Jia ◽  
Fengxuan Han ◽  
Jiayuan Wang ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Hydrogel Scaffolds ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
One Step ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Fibrous hydrogel scaffolds have recently attracted increasing attention for tissue engineering applications. While a number of approaches have been proposed for fabricating microfibers, it remains difficult for current methods to produce materials that meet the essential requirements of being simple, flexible and bio-friendly. It is especially challenging to prepare cell-laden microfibers which have different structures to meet the needs of various applications using a simple device. In this study, we developed a facile two-flow microfluidic system, through which cell-laden hydrogel microfibers with various structures could be easily prepared in one step. Aiming to meet different tissue engineering needs, several types of microfibers with different structures, including single-layer, double-layer and hollow microfibers, have been prepared using an alginate-methacrylated gelatin composite hydrogel by merely changing the inner and outer fluids. Cell-laden single-layer microfibers were obtained by subsequently seeding mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) cells on the surface of the as-prepared microfibers. Cell-laden double-layer and hollow microfibers were prepared by directly encapsulating MC3T3-E1 cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the cores of microfibers upon their fabrication. Prominent proliferation of cells happened in all cell-laden single-layer, double-layer and hollow microfibers, implying potential applications for them in tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Mkx Mediates Tenogenic Differentiation But Incompletely Inhibits The Proliferation of Hypoxic MSCs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanyin Chen ◽  
Dong Fan ◽  
Wangqian Zhang ◽  
Shuning Wang ◽  
Jintao Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Proliferation Capacity ◽  
Tenogenic Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation

Abstract Background: Hypoxia has been shown to be able to induce tenogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which lead hypoxia-induced MSCs to be a potential treatment for tendon injury. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the tenogenic differentiation process of hypoxic MSCs, which limited the application of differentiation-inducing therapies in tendon repair. This study was designed to investigate the role of Mohawk homeobox (Mkx) in tenogenic differentiation and proliferation of hypoxic MSCs.Methods: Adipose-derived MSCs (AMSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were isolated, identified and cultured as our previous study. qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to evaluate the expression of Mkx and other tendon-associated markers in AMSCs and BMSCs under hypoxia condition. Small interfering RNA technique was applied to observe the effect of Mkx levels on the expression of tendon-associated markers in normoxic and hypoxic BMSCs. Hypoxic BMSCs infected with Mkx-specific short hair RNA (shRNA) or scramble were implanted into the wound gaps of injured patellar tendons to assess the effect of Mkx levels on tendon repair. In addition, cell counting kit‑8 and colony formation unit assays were adopted to determine the proliferation capacity of normoxic or hypoxic BMSCs infected with or without Mkx-specific shRNA.Results: Our data showed that the expression of Mkx significantly increased in hypoxic AMSCs, and increased much more in hypoxic BMSCs. Our results also detected that the expression of tenogenic differentiation markers after down-regulation of Mkx were significantly decreased not only in normoxic BMSCs, but also in hypoxic BMSCs which paralleled the inferior histological evidences, worse biomechanical properties and smaller diameters of collagen fibrils in vivo. In addition, our in vitro data demonstrated that the optical density values and the clone numbers of both normoxic and hypoxic BMSCs were significantly increased after knockdown of Mkx, and were also significantly enhanced in both AMSCs and BMSCs in hypoxia condition under which the expression of Mkx was up-regulated.Conclusions: These findings strongly suggested that Mkx mediated hypoxia-induced tenogenic differentiation of MSCs, but could not completely repress the proliferation of hypoxic MSCs.

scholarly journals Biomaterials for corneal endothelial cell culture and tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204173142199053
Author(s):  
Mohit Parekh ◽  
Vito Romano ◽  
Kareem Hassanin ◽  
Valeria Testa ◽  
Rintra Wongvisavavit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell Culture ◽  
Corneal Transplants

The corneal endothelium is the posterior monolayer of cells that are responsible for maintaining overall transparency of the avascular corneal tissue via pump function. These cells are non-regenerative in vivo and therefore, approximately 40% of corneal transplants undertaken worldwide are a result of damage or dysfunction of endothelial cells. The number of available corneal donor tissues is limited worldwide, hence, cultivation of human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) in vitro has been attempted in order to produce tissue engineered corneal endothelial grafts. Researchers have attempted to recreate the current gold standard treatment of replacing the endothelial layer with accompanying Descemet’s membrane or a small portion of stroma as support with tissue engineering strategies using various substrates of both biologically derived and synthetic origin. Here we review the potential biomaterials that are currently in development to support the transplantation of a cultured monolayer of hCECs.

scholarly journals Ectopic transient overexpression of OCT-4 facilitates BMP4-induced osteogenic transdifferentiation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204173142090920
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun L Kim ◽  
Seunghun S Lee ◽  
Inseon Kim ◽  
Janet Kwon ◽  
Song Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Limitation in cell sources for autologous cell therapy has been a recent focus in stem cell therapy and tissue engineering. Among various research advances, direct conversion, or transdifferentiation, is a notable and feasible strategy for the generation and acquirement of wanted cell source. So far, utilizing cell transdifferentiation technology in tissue engineering was mainly restricted at achieving single wanted cell type from diverse cell types with high efficiency. However, regeneration of a complete tissue always requires multiple cell types which poses an intrinsic complexity. In this study, enhanced osteogenic differentiation was achieved by transient ectopic expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 ( OCT-4) gene followed by bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. OCT-4 transfection and bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment resulted in enhanced expression of osteogenic markers such as core-binding factor alpha 1, alkaline phosphatase, and collagen 1 compared with bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment alone. Furthermore, we employed gelatin-heparin cryogel in cranial defect model for in vivo bone formation. Micro-computed tomography and histological analysis of in vivo samples showed that OCT-4 transfection followed by bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment resulted in efficient transdifferentiation of endothelial cells to osteogenic cells. These results suggest that the combination of OCT-4 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 on endothelial cells would be a reliable multicellular transdifferentiation model which could be applied for bone tissue engineering.

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