scholarly journals Trajectory of body mass index and height changes from childhood to adolescence: a nationwide birth cohort in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Matsumoto ◽  
Toshihide Kubo ◽  
Kazue Nakamura ◽  
Toshiharu Mitsuhashi ◽  
Akihito Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Adiposity Rebound ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractTo investigate the dynamics of body mass index (BMI) and height changes in childhood leading to obesity in adolescents. BMI Z-scores were calculated using the LMS (lambda–mu–sigma) method based on yearly height and weight information (age 1.5–15 years) from a nationwide Japanese birth cohort that started in 2001 (n = 26,711). We delineated the trajectories of BMI and height changes leading to obesity at age 15 years using mixed effect models. Children who became obese at the age of 15 years kept relatively high BMI z-scores through childhood for both genders, and had an increasing trend over time as opposed to the normal weight group, with an increasing slope during puberty. Early adiposity rebound was associated with overweight or obesity at the age of 15 years. Age at peak height velocity (APHV) occurred earlier in the obese/overweight group at age 15 years than in the normal weight group, and occurred later in the underweight group. Obese adolescents experienced early adiposity rebound timing and maintained a serial BMI z-score increase throughout childhood, with a greater slope at puberty. An earlier peak in height gain during puberty may have contributed to the observed patterns of BMI change.

scholarly journals POS0212 COMPARISON OF PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT PATTERNS ACROSS BODY MASS INDEX CATEGORIES IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 323.2-324
Author(s):  
E. Vallejo-Yagüe ◽  
T. Burkard ◽  
B. Moeller ◽  
A. Finckh ◽  
A. M. Burden
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Treatment Start ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background:Higher prevalence of obesity has been observed in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) versus the general population, and abnormal body mass index has been associated with worse rheumatic markers.Objectives:To describe PsA and RA patients in Switzerland, stratified by body mass index (BMI) category.Methods:We performed a descriptive cohort study in PsA and RA patients registered in the Swiss Clinical Quality Management in Rheumatic Diseases (SCQM) database. Two distinct cohorts were generated based on patient diagnosis (PsA or RA) and analysed separately but using similar approaches. In both cohorts, we included patients treated for the first time with biologics or targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (tsDMARDs), and considered the treatment start as index date. Patients without baseline BMI were excluded. Patients were stratified by BMI category at the start of biologic/tsDMARD treatment, defined as underweight (BMI<18.5), normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9), and obese (BMI≥30). In the PsA cohort, underweight and normal weight groups were merged due to low numbers. The proportion of patients categorized as overweight or underweight were compared to national statistics from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Information on patient demographics (e.g., age, sex, BMI, life-habits), disease-specific characteristics (e.g., disease activity scores, health questionnaires, biomarkers), co-medications and comorbidities were summarized at the start of the first biologic/tsDMARD treatment. Patient characteristics across BMI categories were compared, using the normal weight category as reference group. Additionally, we summarized the frequency and reasons for recorded treatment stop/switch at ≤6 months, 6 to 12 months, and >12months from treatment start, and illustrated the prescription patterns for first and second biologic/tsDMARD treatment, stratifying by BMI.Results:We identified 819 PsA [39.7% normal weight, 36.5% overweight, 23.8% obese] and 3217 RA patients [4.4% underweight, 46.8% normal weight, 31.8% overweight, 17.0% obese]. Figure 1 illustrates the prevalence of overweight and obesity in each cohort stratified by sex, compared to the national average. When comparing obese patients to those with normal weight, both PsA and RA obese patients had significantly higher C-reactive protein, worse disease activity score, lower quality of life (QoL) measures, and more frequent cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Among PsA patients, the overweight and obese had worse physician-assessed skin manifestation and patient-reported pain compared to the normal weight group. While in RA, the obese patients had higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate, smaller prevalence of seropositive patients, lower frequency of fractures/surgeries, and higher tender joint counts, but similar swollen joint counts, when compared to the normal weight group.Adalimumab and etanercept, were the most commonly prescribed drugs as first biologic/tsDMARD treatment in both PsA and RA cohorts and among every BMI category. Overall, 55% PsA and 56% RA patients had recorded treatment stop/switch. Among RA patients, significantly fewer obese patients reported treatment stop/switch at >12 months from treatment start, compared to the normal weight group. Adalimumab and etanercept were also the most commonly prescribed second biologic/tsDMARD treatment, but for the obese group among PsA patients (adalimumab, golimumab) and the obese group in the RA cohort (adalimumab, rituximab).Conclusion:In this national wide study, we observed that the prevalence of obesity in RA and PsA was higher than that of the general Swiss population. Obese PsA/RA patients starting first biologic/tsDMARD treatment presented worse disease activity and poorer QoL than normal weight patients. Results suggest to take BMI into consideration when treating PsA and RA patients.Acknowledgements:We would like to thank all patients and rheumatologists contributing to the SCQM registry, as well as the entire SCQM staff. A list of rheumatology offices and hospitals which contribute to the SCQM registry can be found at http://www.scqm.ch/institutions. The SCQM is financially supported by pharmaceutical industries and donors. A list of financial supporters can be found at http://www.scqm.ch/sponsors.Disclosure of Interests:Enriqueta Vallejo-Yagüe: None declared, Theresa Burkard: None declared, Burkhard Moeller Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol Myers, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Pfizer, Roche, Novartis, Merck, Axel Finckh Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Eli-Lilly, Paid instructor for: Pfizer, Eli-Lilly, Consultant of: AbbVie, AB2Bio, BMS, Gilead, Pfizer, Viatris, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, BMS, Novartis, Andrea Michelle Burden: None declared

scholarly journals Increased cold injuries and the effect of body mass index in patients with peripheral vascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-young Min ◽  
Yeon-Soo Choi ◽  
Hyeong-Seong Lee ◽  
Sohyae Lee ◽  
Kyoung-bok Min
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Background Exposure to extremely or moderate low temperatures is associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk. Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a slow and progressive circulation disorder. Given that cold temperature causes constriction of the small arteries and veins in the skin, patients who suffer from peripheral circulation problems, like PVD, may be vulnerable to cold injuries. This study aimed to investigate the association between PVD and cold-induced injuries in the winter among Korean adults. We further analyzed the association stratified by body mass index (BMI) classification. Methods We used the 2002–2015 National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort data and included a total of 535,186 adults as the study population. Patients with underlying PVD were identified by ICD-10 code I73. Cold-related illnesses were defined by ICD-10 codes (T690, T691, T698, T699, T330 ~ T339, T340 ~ T349, and T350 ~ T357). Body mass index (BMI) was categorized into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. Results A total of 23.21% (n = 124,224) were PVD patients, and 0.59% (n = 3154) had cold-induced injuries. PVD patients were more likely to be diagnosed with cold injuries, but it was valid only in the underweight or normal weight groups. After adjusting for age, sex, income, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, high blood pressure, and hyperglycemia, PVD patients had a significantly increased odds ratio (OR) for cold injuries [adjusted OR = 1.11; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): 1.01–1.21]. Increased OR for cold injuries in PVD patients was also observed in adults (adjusted OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.03–1.25 in Model 2), but not in the elderly. When we classified study subjects into the four BMI groups, the adjusted OR of cold injuries in PVD patients was significant in the underweight group (OR = 1.83; 95% CI, 1.26–2.66) and normal weight group (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03–1.27), not in those with overweight and obese. In adults, a consistent result was found in adults in the underweight group (OR = 1.63; 95% CI, 1.08–2.47 in Model 2) and normal weight group (OR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07–1.33 in Model 2). In the elderly, the adjusted OR for cold injuries was only significant in the underweight group (OR = 3.37; 95% CI, 1.08–10.53 in Model 2). Conclusions We found a significant association between PVD and cold-induced injuries in the general population. BMI modified the association. Thus, the association observed appears to be clinically applicable to PVD patients being low to normal BMI.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and DNA Fragmentation Index Changes in Primary Infertile Patients Following Microscopic Sub Inguinal Varicocelectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamadreza Dadfar ◽  
Alireza Kheradmand ◽  
Hayat Mombeini ◽  
Javad Mohammadi Asl ◽  
Abbas Mahdavian
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Fragmentation Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Dna Fragmentation Index

Objectives: To investigate changes in DNA fragmentation index in primary infertile patients with varicocele, which is followed by microscopic subingual varicocelectomy in different groups based on body mass index (BMI). Methods: This study was performed in 100 patients with primary infertility with varicocele. Patients were divided into three groups (normal (N), overweight (OW), and obese (OB)) based on BMI index. DNA fragmentation index (DFI) parameters were evaluated before and 6 months after varicocelectomy. For DFI analysis, the SCD (sperm chromatin dispersion test) method was used. Data were analyzed using t-test, Chi-square, and ANOVA. Results: In this study, the mean age of participants was 33.6 and their mean BMI was 28.6, that 51 patients underwent bilateral varicocelectomy and 49 patients underwent left varicocelectomy surgery. In this study, a comparison of DFI before and 6 months after surgery showed a decrease in DFI in all three groups. The difference was 23 in the normal weight group, 11.2 in the overweight group and 9.58 in the obese group, which is statistically significant (PV < 0.05). Also, in comparison with the rate of DFI reduction between groups, the normal weight group showed a greater decrease than the overweight and obese group. This difference was statistically significant (PV < 0.05), while comparing the rate of DFI reduction between the two groups of overweight and obese, was observed no significant difference (PV = 0.635). Conclusions: Although DFI level decreased significantly 6 months after surgery in all groups with different body mass index. However, the rate of reduction was not the same in different groups and was higher in normal-weight patients than in overweight and obese individuals. But there was no significant difference in the rate of reduction between the overweight and obese groups.

scholarly journals Association between Body Mass Index and Reproductive Outcome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Receiving IVF/ICSI-ET

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Han Zhou ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Zhuoye Luo ◽  
Aimin Yang ◽  
Na Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Long Protocol

Objective. To examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and the outcome of in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryo transfer- (IVF/ICSI-ET) assisted reproduction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) receiving the ultra-long agonist protocol. Methods. We retrospectively identified all women receiving IVF/ICSI-ET for the first time using the ultra-long protocol between January 2013 and January 2018 at our hospital. Only women at ≤35 years of age receiving the first cycle were analyzed. Results. A total of 1782 women were included in the analysis: 42 were underweight, 742 were overweight, 198 were obese, and 800 were normal weight. Gonadotropin dosage and duration were comparable between underweight and normal weight groups but were significantly higher/longer in overweight and obese groups (P<0.008). The number of oocytes retrieved was significantly lower in overweight and obese groups than in the normal weight group (P<0.008). The number of transferable embryos was significantly higher in normal weight group than overweight and obese groups (P<0.008). Embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, full-term birth rate, and live birth rate did not differ among the 4 groups. The cycle cancellation rate was lower in the overweight and obese group than normal weight group (P<0.008). The miscarriage rate was higher in the obese group than the normal weight group (P<0.008). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, abnormal BMI was an independent risk for miscarriage (OR: 1.069, 95% CI 1.020, 1.122; P=0.006). Conclusion. Overweight and obesity are associated with poor outcomes in PCOS patients receiving ultra-long protocol. Measures to reduce body weight should be encouraged in overweight and obese PCOS women at ≤35 years of age prior to assisted reproductive technology (ART).

scholarly journals Physical Characteristics Vary According to Body Mass Index in Japanese Community-Dwelling Elderly Women

Geriatrics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Nonaka ◽  
Shin Murata ◽  
Kayoko Shiraiwa ◽  
Teppei Abiko ◽  
Hideki Nakano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Knee Extension Strength

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is related to health in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical characteristics in underweight, overweight, and obese Japanese community-dwelling elderly women compared to normal-weight elderly women. Methods: The study participants included 212 community-dwelling elderly women. They were categorized as underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 22.9), overweight (23 ≤ BMI ≤ 24.9), and obese (BMI ≥ 25). Data on skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), number of trunk curl-ups performed within 30 seconds, knee extension strength, one-leg standing time, and walking speed were recorded. Results: In the underweight group, the number of trunk curl-ups was significantly lower than that of the normal-weight group (p = 0.011) and the correlation between knee extension strength and walking speed was relatively higher than in the normal-weight group (r = 0.612 vs. r = 0.471). In the overweight group, the SMI was significantly increased (p < 0.001), but knee extension strength was not increased (p = 0.235) compared to that of the normal-weight group. In the obese group, one-leg standing time was significantly shorter than in the normal-weight group (p = 0.016). Conclusions: Physical characteristics vary according to BMI and these findings are useful in assessing and planning interventional programs to improve and maintain physical function in elderly women.

scholarly journals Age and body mass index affect fit of spirometry GLI references in schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Mozun ◽  
Cristina Ardura-Garcia ◽  
Eva S. L. Pedersen ◽  
Jakob Usemann ◽  
Florian Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractBackgroundReferences from the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) are widely used to interpret children’s spirometry results. We assessed fit for healthy schoolchildren.MethodsLuftiBus in the school (LUIS) is a population-based cross-sectional study done from 2013-2016 in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Parents and children aged 6-17 years answered questionnaires about respiratory symptoms and lifestyle. Children underwent spirometry in a mobile lung function lab. We calculated GLI-based z-scores for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 for healthy White participants. We defined appropriate fit to GLI references by mean values ±0.5 z-scores. We assessed if fit varied by age, body mass index, height, and sex using linear regression models.ResultsWe analysed data from 2036 children with valid FEV1 measurements of which 1762 also had valid FVC measurements. The median age was 12.2 years. Fit was appropriate for children aged 6-11 years for all indices. In adolescents aged 12-17 years, fit was appropriate for FEV1/FVC (mean: -0.09; SD: 1.02) z-scores, but not for FEV1 (mean: -0.62; SD: 0.98), FVC (mean: -0.60; SD: 0.98), and FEF25-75 (mean: -0.54; SD: 1.02). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores fitted better in children considered overweight (means: -0.25, -0.13, -0.38) than normal weight (means: -0.55, -0.50, -0.55; p-trend: <0.001, 0.014, <0.001). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores depended on both age and height (p interaction: 0.034, 0.019, <0.01).ConclusionGLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores do not fit White Swiss adolescents well. This should be considered when using reference equations for clinical decision making, research and international comparison.Take home messageOur study suggests GLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores over detect abnormal lung function in Swiss adolescents, and more so among slimmer adolescents, which has important implications for clinical care, research, and international comparisons.

scholarly journals The impact of body mass index, central obesity and physical activity on lung function: results of the EpiHealth study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 00214-2020
Author(s):  
Magnus Svartengren ◽  
Gui-Hong Cai ◽  
Andrei Malinovschi ◽  
Jenny Theorell-Haglöw ◽  
Christer Janson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
The Impact

Study objectivesObesity is often associated with lower lung function; however, the interaction of lung function with central obesity and physical inactivity is less clear. As such, we investigated the effect on lung function of body size (body mass index (BMI)), central obesity (waist circumference (WC)) and self-reported physical activity.MethodsLung function, height, weight and WC were measured in 22 743 participants (12 791 women), aged 45–75 years, from the EpiHealth cohort study. Physical activity, gender and educational level were assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsObesity, central obesity and physical inactivity were all associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). However, in participants without central obesity there was an increase in both FEV1 and FVC by BMI (% predicted FVC increasing from median 98%, interquartile range (IQR) 89–110% in underweight participants (BMI <20) to 103%, IQR 94–113% in obese participants (BMI ≥30)). In contrast, there was a decrease in % predicted FVC in participants with central obesity (from 98%, IQR 89–109% in the normal weight group to 95%, IQR 85–105% in the obese weight group). We further found a negative association between physical activity and lung function among those with low and high levels of physical activity (% predicted FEV1 97%, IQR 86–107% versus 103%, IQR 94–113%, respectively and % predicted FVC 96%, IQR 85–106% versus 103%, IQR 94–113%, respectively). All results remained when calculated by z-scores.ConclusionsThe association between BMI and lung function is dependent on the presence of central obesity. Independent of obesity, there is an association between physical activity and lung function.

Balance Assessment Using Multi-Directional Reach Test in Community-Dwelling Elderly People with Different Body Mass Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 1908-1912
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Balance Assessment ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Overweight Group

Objective: To assess ability of balance in community-dwelling elderly people with different body mass index (BMI) using multi-directional reach test (MDRT) test. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on ability of balance using MDRT in community-dwelling elderly people. Results: Obese community-dwelling elderly people had the lowest scores in all directions of MDRT when compared with those of normal weight and overweight groups. Furthermore, in overweight group, the scores in all directions of MDRT were significantly reduced compared to those of normal weight group (p<0.05). Moreover, the scores of MDRT were negatively correlated with BMI (p<0.05). Conclusion: Obese and overweight community-dwelling elderly people had decreased ability of balance. Additionally, BMI was negatively correlated with the scores of MDRT in community-dwelling elderly people. Keywords: Body mass index; Multi-directional reach test; Falls; Elderly; Balance

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association Between Body Mass Index and Psychopathology

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 372-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rani A. Desai ◽  
Melinda Manley ◽  
Mayur M. Desai ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Axis I

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The objective of the study was to examine gender differences in the relationship between weight group (under-weight to severely obese), and Axis I and Axis II psychopathology.Methods: Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) were analyzed. Logistic regression models examined the past-year likelihood for meeting diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorders. Interactions between weight group and gender were utilized to determine whether associations were significantly different in men and women after adjusting for demographic characteristics.Results: First, consistent with previous NESARC analyses, the prevalence estimates of psychiatric disorders were higher among people of higher body mass index groups, regardless of gender. However, these patterns differed across genders. Both severely obese women and men, in comparison to normal weight respondents, were much more likely to meet criteria for affective and anxiety disorders, but these associations were significantly (1.5–2 times) stronger among women. For Axis II disorders, while there were very few associations between personality disorders and weight in men, among women increases in weight group were associated with increases in the likelihood of meeting criteria for a personality disorder.Conclusion: Weight and psychopathology appear more strongly associated in women than in men. While these data do not allow for identification of underlying mechanisms, they highlight the importance of assessing for psychopathology in overweight and obese patients, and suggest that weight management may be an important consideration in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.

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