scholarly journals Modulation of magnetoencephalography alpha band activity by radiofrequency electromagnetic field depicted in sensor and source space

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Wallace ◽  
Lydia Yahia-Cherif ◽  
Christophe Gitton ◽  
Laurent Hugueville ◽  
Jean-Didier Lemaréchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Analysis ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Band Activity

AbstractSeveral studies reported changes in spontaneous electroencephalogram alpha band activity related to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, but findings showed both an increase and a decrease of its spectral power or no effect. Here, we studied the alpha band modulation after 900 MHz mobile phone radiofrequency exposure and localized cortical regions involved in these changes, via a magnetoencephalography (MEG) protocol with healthy volunteers in a double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced crossover design. MEG was recorded during eyes open and eyes closed resting-state before and after radiofrequency exposure. Potential confounding factors, known to affect alpha band activity, were assessed as control parameters to limit bias. Entire alpha band, lower and upper alpha sub-bands MEG power spectral densities were estimated in sensor and source space. Biochemistry assays for salivary biomarkers of stress (cortisol, chromogranin-A, alpha amylase), heart rate variability analysis and high-performance liquid chromatography for salivary caffeine concentration were realized. Results in sensor and source space showed a significant modulation of MEG alpha band activity after the radiofrequency exposure, with different involved cortical regions in relation to the eyes condition, probably because of different attention level with open or closed eyes. None of the control parameters reported a statistically significant difference between experimental sessions.

scholarly journals Radiofrequency signal affects alpha band in resting electroencephalogram

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 2753-2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Ghosn ◽  
Lydia Yahia-Cherif ◽  
Laurent Hugueville ◽  
Antoine Ducorps ◽  
Jean-Didier Lemaréchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sham Exposure ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Young Subjects

The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of the radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human resting EEG with a control of some parameters that are known to affect alpha band, such as electrode impedance, salivary cortisol, and caffeine. Eyes-open and eyes-closed resting EEG data were recorded in 26 healthy young subjects under two conditions: sham exposure and real exposure in double-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design. Spectral power of EEG rhythms was calculated for the alpha band (8–12 Hz). Saliva samples were collected before and after the study. Salivary cortisol and caffeine were assessed by ELISA and HPLC, respectively. The electrode impedance was recorded at the beginning of each run. Compared with the sham session, the exposure session showed a statistically significant ( P < 0.0001) decrease of the alpha band spectral power during closed-eyes condition. This effect persisted in the postexposure session ( P < 0.0001). No significant changes were detected in electrode impedance, salivary cortisol, and caffeine in the sham session compared with the exposure one. These results suggest that GSM-EMFs of a mobile phone affect the alpha band within spectral power of resting human EEG.

scholarly journals California Strawberry Consumption Alters Gut Microbiome in Healthy Participants: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1561-1561
Author(s):  
Susanne Henning ◽  
Jieping Yang ◽  
Shih Lung Woo ◽  
Ru-Po Li ◽  
Jianjun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Lithocholic Acid ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fecal Cholesterol

Abstract Objectives Based on the polyphenol and fiber content of strawberries (SB), it was our hypothesis that daily consumption of California strawberries will lead to changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and concentration of fecal cholesterol and bile acid (BA) microbial metabolites. Methods We performed a randomized, double blind, parallel design intervention study. 28 healthy adults were randomized to either daily consumption of 26 g of SB powder (2 servings of fresh SB) or placebo (PL) powder for 4 wks. Stool samples were collected at baseline (BL), 4 and 6 wks (2 wks no SB/PL). Fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing of the V4 region; fecal cholesterol, coprostanol, cholestanol, cholic acid (primary BA), chenodeoxycholic acid (primary BA), deoxycholic acid (2ndBA), lithocholic acid (2ndBA) by gas chromatography, serum cholesterol, triglyceride by colorimetric assay and serum pelargonidin glucuronide (PG) by high performance liquid chromatography. Results Serum PG, a SB anthocyanin, was found in all participants in the SB group. Two participants in the PL group showed serum PG and were excluded from the analyses. Daily SB increased the abundance of Christensenellaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae and multiple members of the Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae family, and decreased significantly Alcaligenaceae/Sutterella comparing BL to wk4. Comparing the change from BL to wk4 between the SB and PL group, we found increased abundance of Alcaligenaceae/Sutterella and several members of the Clostridia class including Lachnopsiraceae and Ruminococcaceae and a decrease in Clostridiaceae. Comparing wk 4 to wk 6, we observed a reversal of Clostridiales/Christensenellaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Alcaligenaceae/Sutterella. No effects on alpha and beta diversity were observed. No significant difference in serum and fecal cholesterol, BA and bacterial metabolites was observed between SB and PL groups. Five participants did not form coprostanol. Comparing coprostanol producers to non-producers at baseline showed that most differences were observed in the Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidaceae families. Conclusions SB consumption altered the gut microbiota, which was partially reversed after 2 wks of customary diet without SB. Funding Sources California Strawberry Commission.

Randomized Clinical Trial of Peganum Oil for Knee Osteoarthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Abolhassanzadeh ◽  
Elham Aflaki ◽  
Gholamhossein Yousefi ◽  
Abdolali Mohagheghzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Important Symptom ◽  
Traditional Preparation

Osteoarthritis affects about 50% of people aged older than 65 years. Pain is the most important symptom in this disease. Today public interest in the use of complementary medicine, especially traditional herbal medicines has increased. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of traditional preparation of Peganum harmala L oil on patients with knee osteoarthritis. The product has been analyzed and standardized by high-performance liquid chromatography. A double blind controlled randomized clinical trial consisting of 54 patients were performed. Patients rubbed the drug or control (olive oil) on the knee 4 drops 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The patients were asked to fill out the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Visual Analogue Scale questionnaires at week 0 and 4. The adapted results from the questionnaires showed that pain and difficulty in function were significantly decreased in Peganum oil group after 4 weeks. There was no significant difference in stiffness change between 2 groups.

Alpha Band Activity and CNV Reflect the Evaluation of Target Probability

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltraud Stadler ◽  
Karim N'Diaye ◽  
Richard Ragot ◽  
Wolfgang Klimesch ◽  
Catherine Tallon-Baudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Band ◽  
Target Probability ◽  
Band Activity

Efficacy of Aloe vera/ Plantago Major Gel in Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Najafian ◽  
Zahra M. Khorasani ◽  
Mona N. Najafi ◽  
Shokouh S. Hamedi ◽  
Marjan Mahjour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

Background:Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most common complications of diabetic patients. Mostly, non-healing DFU leads to infection, gangrene, amputation and even death. High costs and poor healing of the wounds need a new treatment such as alternative medicine. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Aloe vera/ Plantago major gel (Plantavera gel) in healing of DFUMethods:Forty patients with DFU enrolled in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The patients who were randomly assigned into the intervention group (n = 20), received topical Plantavera gel in addition to the routine cares, whereas the patients in the control group (n = 20), received topical Placebo gel in addition to the routine cares. Intervention was done twice a day for 4 weeks in the both groups. Photography and an evaluation of DFU healing were conducted by a checklist and then were scored at baseline and at the end of each week. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software.Results:At the end of the study, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of total ulcer score (P<0.001) and Plantavera gel significantly reduced the ulcer surface comparing with the control group (P=0.039). However, there was not a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.263) in terms of the ulcer depth. During this study, no side effect was observed for Plantavera gel in the intervention group.Conclusion:Topical Plantavera gel seems to be an effective, cheap and safe treatment. Of course, further studies are required to confirm the properties of the wound healing of this gel.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on efficacy of exercise on posture and balance in patients suffering from Diabetic Neuropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neerja Thukral ◽  
Jaspreet Kaur ◽  
Manoj Malik
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eyes Open

Background: Peripheral neuropathy is a major and chronic complication of diabetes mellitus affecting more than 50% of patients suffering from diabetes. There is involvement of both large and small diameter nerve fibres leading to altered somatosensory and motor sensations, thereby causing impaired balance and postural instability. Objective: To assess the effects of exercises on posture and balance in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Method: Mean changes in Timed Up and Go test(TUGT), Berg Balance Scale and Postural Sway with eyes open and eyes closed on Balance System were primary outcome measures. RevMan 5.3 software was used for the meta-analyses. Eighteen randomized controlled trials met the selection criteria and were included in the study. All the studies ranked high on PEDro Rating scale. Risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane collaboration tool of risk of bias. Included studies had low risk of bias. Sixteen RCT’s were included for the meta-analysis. Result: Results of meta-analysis showed that there was statistically significant improvement in TUGT with p≤ 0.05 and substantial heterogeneity (I 2 = 84%, p < 0.00001) in experimental group as compared to control group. There was statistically significant difference in Berg Balance Scale scores and heterogeneity of I 2 = 62%, p < 0.00001 and significant changes in postural stability (eyes open heterogeneity of I 2 = 100%, p =0.01 and eyes closed, heteogeneity I 2 = 0%, p =0.01). Sensitivity analysis causes change in heterogeneity. Conclusion: It can be concluded that various exercises like balance training, core stability, Tai-Chi, proprioceptive training etc. have a significant effect in improving balance and posture in diabetic neuropathy.

scholarly journals Visual predictions, neural oscillations and naïve physics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake W. Saurels ◽  
Wiremu Hohaia ◽  
Kielan Yarrow ◽  
Alan Johnston ◽  
Derek H. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Internal Models ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Core Property ◽  
Ball Tracking ◽  
Band Activity

AbstractPrediction is a core function of the human visual system. Contemporary research suggests the brain builds predictive internal models of the world to facilitate interactions with our dynamic environment. Here, we wanted to examine the behavioural and neurological consequences of disrupting a core property of peoples’ internal models, using naturalistic stimuli. We had people view videos of basketball and asked them to track the moving ball and predict jump shot outcomes, all while we recorded eye movements and brain activity. To disrupt people’s predictive internal models, we inverted footage on half the trials, so dynamics were inconsistent with how movements should be shaped by gravity. When viewing upright videos people were better at predicting shot outcomes, at tracking the ball position, and they had enhanced alpha-band oscillatory activity in occipital brain regions. The advantage for predicting upright shot outcomes scaled with improvements in ball tracking and occipital alpha-band activity. Occipital alpha-band activity has been linked to selective attention and spatially-mapped inhibitions of visual brain activity. We propose that when people have a more accurate predictive model of the environment, they can more easily parse what is relevant, allowing them to better target irrelevant positions for suppression—resulting in both better predictive performance and in neural markers of inhibited information processing.

Safety evaluation of an antimalarial herbal product from Andrographis paniculata (AS201-01) in healthy volunteers

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aty Widyawaruyanti ◽  
Arijanto Jonosewojo ◽  
Hilkatul Ilmi ◽  
Lidya Tumewu ◽  
Ario Imandiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Random Blood Glucose ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives Andrographis paniculata tablets (AS201-01) have previously been shown to have potent bioactivity as an antimalarial and to produce no unwanted side effects in animal models. Here, we present the phase 1 clinical trial conducted to evaluate the safety of AS201-01 tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods The study was a randomized, double-blind controlled cross-over, a placebo-controlled design consisting of a 4-day treatment of AS201-01 tablets. A total of 30 healthy human volunteers (16 males and 14 females) were divided into two groups, and each group was given 4 tablets, twice daily for 4 days. Group 1 received AS201-01, while group 2 received placebo tablets. Volunteers were given a physical examination before the treatment. The effects of AS201-01 on random blood glucose, biochemical, and hematological as well as urine profiles were investigated. Results There were no changes in observed parameters as a result of AS201-01 being administered. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the test and control group regarding hematology profile, biochemical profile, and random blood glucose. Increased appetite and better sleep, which categorized as grade 1 adverse event was reported after treatment with AS201-01 tablet Conclusions The outcome supports our previous observation that the AS201-01 tablet, given twice a day for 4 days, is safe and nontoxic.

scholarly journals EEG Data Quality: Determinants and Impact in a Multicenter Study of Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Anna Kaiser ◽  
Pascal-M. Aggensteiner ◽  
Martin Holtmann ◽  
Andreas Fallgatter ◽  
Marcel Romanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuous Performance Task ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Eyes Open

Electroencephalography (EEG) represents a widely established method for assessing altered and typically developing brain function. However, systematic studies on EEG data quality, its correlates, and consequences are scarce. To address this research gap, the current study focused on the percentage of artifact-free segments after standard EEG pre-processing as a data quality index. We analyzed participant-related and methodological influences, and validity by replicating landmark EEG effects. Further, effects of data quality on spectral power analyses beyond participant-related characteristics were explored. EEG data from a multicenter ADHD-cohort (age range 6 to 45 years), and a non-ADHD school-age control group were analyzed (ntotal = 305). Resting-state data during eyes open, and eyes closed conditions, and task-related data during a cued Continuous Performance Task (CPT) were collected. After pre-processing, general linear models, and stepwise regression models were fitted to the data. We found that EEG data quality was strongly related to demographic characteristics, but not to methodological factors. We were able to replicate maturational, task, and ADHD effects reported in the EEG literature, establishing a link with EEG-landmark effects. Furthermore, we showed that poor data quality significantly increases spectral power beyond effects of maturation and symptom severity. Taken together, the current results indicate that with a careful design and systematic quality control, informative large-scale multicenter trials characterizing neurophysiological mechanisms in neurodevelopmental disorders across the lifespan are feasible. Nevertheless, results are restricted to the limitations reported. Future work will clarify predictive value.

scholarly journals Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Constipation in Patients with Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
Shanbin Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
Yimei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Factor Α

Probiotics have been shown to benefit patients with constipation and depression, but whether they specifically alleviate constipation in patients with depression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS), formerly Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, on constipation in patients with depression with specific etiology and gut microbiota and on depressive regimens. Eighty-two patients with constipation were recruited. The subjects consumed 100 mL of a LcS beverage (108 CFU/mL) or placebo every day for 9 weeks. After ingesting beverages for this period, we observed no significant differences in the total patient constipation-symptom (PAC-SYM) scores in the LcS group when compared with the placebo group. However, symptoms/scores in item 7 (rectal tearing or bleeding after a bowel movement) and items 8–12 (stool symptom subscale) were more alleviated in the LcS group than in the placebo group. The Beck Depression Index (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were all significantly decreased, and the degree of depression was significantly improved in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the groups. The LcS intervention increased the beneficial Adlercreutzia, Megasphaera and Veillonella levels and decreased the bacterial levels related to mental illness, such as Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Sutterella and Oscillibacter. Additionally, the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly decreased in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05). In particular, the IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the LcS group than the placebo group after the ingestion period (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the daily consumption of LcS for 9 weeks appeared to relieve constipation and improve the potentially depressive symptoms in patients with depression and significantly decrease the IL-6 levels. In addition, the LcS supplementation also appeared to regulate the intestinal microbiota related to mental illness.

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