Corneal Scheimpflug topography values to distinguish between normal eyes, ocular allergy, and keratoconus in children

AbstractTo identify and compare keratometric, corneal thickness, and elevation parameters and indices among healthy children, ocular allergy, and keratoconus using the OCULUS Pentacam Scheimpflug topography system. This study included healthy children, children with ocular allergy (OA) without keratoconus, and children with keratoconus (KC). The study design consisted of a prospective evaluation and review of medical records from a Brazilian ophthalmology department. The exclusion criteria were inability to undergo the ocular exam, other ocular diseases, contact lens wear, and topographic corneal ectasia. The effect of each corneal parameter was evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for sex and age, and ROC curves were used to assess the ability each variable to discriminate among groups. A total of 182 subjects were included: healthy children (n = 99), children with OA (n = 32), and children with KC (n = 51). Groups differed in terms of sex, with more males in the OA group (73.2%) and the KC group (67.7%) than in the control group (40.9%). All corneal parameters studied differed significantly between the control and KC groups, and between the OA and KC groups; they also differed significantly between the three groups in terms of astigmatism, q-value, CCT, TP, BAD-D, and ARTmax values. We present the first study to describe and compare corneal tomographic parameters in healthy children, OA, and KC. Keratometry indices, ACD, ARTmax, AETP, and PETP were found to be the most useful for differentiating between healthy and KC children.IBR registry number: CAAE 54921916.9.0000.5404.

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The Effects of Soft Contact Lens Wear on Corneal Thickness, Curvature, and Surface Regularity

Journal of Chitwan Medical College ◽

10.3126/jcmc.v4i2.10861 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

RP Sah ◽

N Paudel ◽

M Chaudhary ◽

P Adhikari ◽

SK Mishra

Keyword(s):

Contact Lens ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Topography ◽

Control Group ◽

Soft Contact ◽

Contact Lens Wear ◽

Soft Contact Lens ◽

The Mean ◽

Lens Wear

Contact lenses have various cosmetic and optical advantages over spectacles. However, long term lens use might affect the normal corneal anatomy and physiology in a variety of ways. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of soft contact lens wear on corneal thickness, curvature, and surface regularity.A total of 138 eyes of 69 subjects wearing contact lenses for more than 1 year were evaluated. One eye of each case was randomly selected for the analysis. Nidek Magellan Mapper corneal topography system was used to evaluate the anterior corneal topography. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured using Quantel Medical Axis II PR. Corneal topography and CCT measurements on 138 eyes of 69 subjects were performed. The mean age of the cases and controls was 24.76 ± 5.52 25.13±5.49 years respectively. The mean duration of contact lens wear was 4.83±4.19 years. The mean CCT in case and control group was 527.56±37.40 microns and 544.60±26.10 microns respectively. The mean central corneal thickness in the cases was significantly less by about 16.31 μm in comparison to controls (P <0.05, 95% CI of the difference: 9 μm - 24μm). The SRI and SAI indices were significantly greater in contact lens wearers than in the control group (P = 0.00 for both SRI and SAI).Regular corneal pachymetry and topography assessments are mandatory in soft contact lens users as long term lens wear appears to reduce the central corneal thickness and increase the corneal surface irregularity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i2.10861 Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2014; 4(2): 35-39

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Impact of Rigid Gas Permeable Contact Lenses Removal on Anterior and Posterior Corneal Surfaces in Keratoconus Patients

10.1101/688929 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Motohiro Itoi ◽

Koji Kitazawa ◽

Hisayo Higashihara ◽

Chie Sotozono

Keyword(s):

Contact Lens ◽

Contact Lenses ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Corneal Surface ◽

Contact Lens Wear ◽

Surface Areas ◽

The Impact ◽

Lens Wear ◽

Anterior Posterior

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the impact of removal of rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses on the anterior and posterior cornea surfaces of eyes with keratoconus.MethodsEight eyes of 8 patients with keratoconus (KC) (age 34.3 ± 15.3 years; range 19–60 years) were enrolled. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was performed at 1, 5, 10, 20, and 60 minutes after the patients removed their RGP contact lenses. Measurements included anterior and posterior best-fit sphere (BFS); elevation values and corneal surface areas; corneal thickness at the thinnest point; and the anterior-posterior ratio of the corneal surface (As/Ps) between 1 minute and 60 minutes after RGP contact lens removal.ResultsAnterior and posterior elevation values and corneal surface areas showed significant increases, whereas anterior and posterior BFS and central corneal thickness decreased significantly (P < 0.01) between 1 minute and 60 minutes after RGP contact lens removal. No statistically significant differences were found in the As/Ps ratio during the first hour after suspending RGP contact lens wear.ConclusionsWe found that the patients with keratoconus experienced significant changes in both the anterior and posterior corneal shape for 60 minutes after removal of RGP contact lenses.

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The increased prevalence of keloids in atopic dermatitis patients with allergic comorbidities: a nationwide retrospective cohort study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-03164-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hyo-Eun Kwon ◽

Hye-Jin Ahn ◽

Su Jin Jeong ◽

Min Kyung Shin

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Medical Records ◽

Dermal Fibroblast ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Control Group ◽

T Helper ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Adolescents And Adults ◽

Allergic Contact ◽

Information Database

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with allergic comorbidities, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The etiology of keloid is largely unknown; however, AD and keloid share inflammatory pathways characterized by T-helper cell 2 cytokines and increased dermal fibroblast activity. The prevalence of keloids has been reported to increase in patients with AD, but it remains controversial. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of keloids in patients with AD, and compare it with the prevalence of other comorbidities of AD. We assessed the Korean National Health Information Database and medical records including coexisting asthma, AR, and ACD. Single and multiple logistic regression models were created for keloids and each allergic disease. The prevalence of keloids was higher in the AD group than in the control group. Among patients with AD, adolescents and adults had a higher prevalence of keloids than infants and children. The risk of keloids was high with AD alone, and coexisting asthma significantly increased the risk. Similarly, the risk of keloids was higher in AR associated with AD and ACD associated with AD than in AD alone. Thus, among Koreans, patients with AD have a higher risk of keloid development, with coexisting allergic diseases increasing the risk.

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Serumal and Salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D Levels of Head and Neck Cancer Patients

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v13i4.1726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 438-43

Author(s):

Dina Keumala Sari ◽

Liza Meutia Sari ◽

Lidya Imelda Laksmi ◽

Farhat Farhat ◽

Elvita Rahmi Daulay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Medical Records ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽

Saliva Collection

BACKGROUND: Saliva has been suggested as a substitute of serum for the detection of 25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in healthy people. However, investigation of salivary 1,25(OH)D has not been clearly reported. Vitamin plays important roles in inhibiting cancer progression. Current study was conducted to investigate serumal and salivary 25(OH)D) and 1,25(OH)D levels of healthy and head and neck cancer (HNC) subjects.METHODS: Research were conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. Forty HNC and 40 healthy subjects were recruited and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Medical records were documented, followed by anthropometric evaluation and serum and saliva collection. Laboratory investigation for 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH) was performed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods.RESULTS: Significant serumal (p=0.002) and salivary (p=0.016) 25(OH)D mean level differences of HNC and normal groups were obtained. More serumal or salivary 25(OH)D deficient subjects were found in control group than those in HNC group. Meanwhile, serumal and salivary 1,25(OH)D mean levels of HNC group were not significantly different with the ones of control group. There were significant correlations of serumal-salivary 25(OH)D as well as serumal-salivary 1,25(OH)D levels in normal group.CONCLUSION: Serumal and salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D levels of HNC group were relatively normal. Salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D could be suggested as substitutes for serumal ones.KEYWORDS: vitamin D, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)D, head and neck cancer

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The relationship of the immature platelet fraction with the diagnosis and severity of acute bronchiolitis in children.

10.22541/au.160842320.02874954/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

MURAT DOĞAN ◽

MEHMET KOSE ◽

Mehmet ÖZTÜRK ◽

melih hangul ◽

HÜMEYRA ASLANER

Keyword(s):

Roc Curves ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Acute Bronchiolitis ◽

Roc Curve Analysis ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Immature Platelet Fraction ◽

Severity Of The Disease ◽

Relationship Of

Objective: Acute bronchiolitis is one of the most common causes of hospitalization for children younger than 1 year. Although the prognosis for these children is generally good, the condition involves a risk of mortality. Here, we evaluate the immature platelet fraction (IPF) as a biomarker for the severity of acute bronchiolitis. Material and Methods: In total, 179 children who had been diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis were classified into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe bronchiolitis, and 80 healthy children were included as a control group. The diagnostic capacity of the IPF, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), white blood cell count (WBC), and platelet count (PLT) values to predict bronchiolitis was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and their respective areas under the curves (AUCs) calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Patients with acute bronchiolitis had a larger IPF than their healthy counterparts (p < 0.001). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between the clinical severity of the disease and the IPF. The ROC curve analysis indicated that the IPF cut-off point for predicting acute bronchiolitis was >3.2%, with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 97%. Our results clearly demonstrate that the AUCs for IPF, MPV, PDW, WBC, and PLT were statistically significant for the bronchiolitis versus the control group. The AUC was greatest for the IPF. Conclusion: The IPF is a new marker for diagnosing and evaluating the clinical severity of acute bronchiolitis.

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Change in Central corneal thickness after Phacoemulsification

Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.36351/pjo.v36i1.999 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fariha Sher Wali ◽

Sajjad Ali ` Surhio ◽

Rafeen Talpur ◽

Muhammad Jawed ◽

Shehnilla Shujaat

Keyword(s):

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Mean Value ◽

Ocular Surgery ◽

Contact Lens Wear ◽

Group 3 ◽

Convenience Sampling ◽

Group 2 ◽

Lens Wear

Purpose: To determine changes in central corneal thickness after phacoemulsification at first post-operative day, one week and one month. Study Design: Descriptive Observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Sindh Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hyderabad. From June 2018 to March 2019. Material and Methods: Ninety-two patients with ages between 35 and 72 years presenting with senile and pre-senile cataract were selected by non-probability convenience sampling. Patients with previous ocular surgery, ocular trauma, Glaucoma, Uveitis, Contact lens wear and long-term use of ocular medication were excluded. The patients were subdivided into three groups depending on variability in their corneal thickness. Patients with preoperative central corneal thickness (CCT) from 480 to 529µm were placed in group 1 (Thin), group 2 included patients with CCT ranging between 530 and 569µm (Moderate), patients with CCT from 570-640µm were placed in group 3 (Thick). Preoperative CCT was measured before extraction of cataract via phacoemulsification and then repeated on first post-operative day and then on one week and one month. Results: Preoperative mean central corneal thickness increased by 10.2% on first post-operative day. It reduced to 3.1% on seventh post-operative day. It further reduced to 0.7% on 30th post-operative day. Central corneal thickness reduced to mean value of 548.8µm on 30th post-operative day, which was statistically non-significant as compared with preoperative mean value (544.96µm). Conclusion: There was no statistically significant change in CCT one month after phacoemulsification when compared with the pre-operative CCT.

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The clinical manifestations of keratoconus in the patients presenting with Down syndrome

Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology ◽

10.18821/1993-1859-2016-11-3-118-120 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 118-120

Author(s):

M. M Bikbov ◽

V. K Surkova ◽

E. L Usubov ◽

Karine Khachaturovna Oganisyan

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

General Population ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Ophthalmological Examination ◽

Biometric Parameters

Down syndrome is one the most widespread forms of genomic pathology accompanied by mental retardation and impairment of cognitive functions. One of the commonest eye diseases in the patients with Down syndrome is corneal ectasia that occurs 10 times more frequently in the children with Down syndrome than in the general population. Objective. Of the present study was the comparative analysis of the biometric parameters of the cornea and the clinical manifestations of keratoconus in the patients presenting with Down syndrome. Materials and methods. We undertook the comprehensive analysis of the biometric parameters of the cornea in 54 patients (108 eyes) with Down syndrome who made up the main study group. The control group was comprised of 62 practically healthy children (124 eyes). Results. The patients presenting with Down syndrome were found to have a higher refractive power of the cornea, a more pronounced elevation of the posterior corneal surface and its irregular patterns, a smaller corneal thickness, and lower degree of corneal hysteresis in comparison with the control children. The verified diagnosis of keratoconus was established in 11 patients of the main group. Conclusion. The present study has revealed keratoconus in 11 (20.4%) children presenting with Down syndrome which suggests a higher prevalence of this pathology in our study group in comparison with its mean prevalence reported thus far for the general population. The early subclinical forms of ceratoconus are known to more frequently occur in the children aged from 12 to 18 years, with the incidence of its later stages being especially high in the group of the patients between 19 and 38 years of age. This discrepancy is supposed to be attributable to the progression of the clinical symptoms of the eye disease with age and its late diagnostics. The deviation of corneal biometric characteristics from the respective normal values documented in 79.6% of the patients included in the present study should be regarded as reflecting the objective situation. It is concluded that the patients presenting with Down syndrome should be referred to the group at enhanced risk of development of keratoconus and undergo the regular ophthalmological examination.

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