scholarly journals Plasma phospholipid n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and major depressive disorder in Japanese elderly: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Hamazaki ◽  
Yutaka J. Matsuoka ◽  
Taiki Yamaji ◽  
Norie Sawada ◽  
Masaru Mimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractThe beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on depression are not definitively known. In a previous population-based prospective cohort study, we found a reverse J-shaped association of intake of fish and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), the intermediate metabolite of EPA and DHA, with major depressive disorder (MDD). To examine the association further in a cross-sectional manner, in the present study we analyzed the level of plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFAs and the risk of MDD in 1,213 participants aged 64–86 years (mean 72.9 years) who completed questionnaires and underwent medical check-ups, a mental health examination, and blood collection. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for MDD according to plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFA quartiles. MDD was diagnosed in 103 individuals. There were no significant differences in any n-3 PUFAs (i.e., EPA, DHA, or DPA) between individuals with and without MDD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed no significant association between any individual n-3 PUFAs and MDD risk. Overall, based on the results of this cross-sectional study, there appears to be no association of plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFAs with MDD risk in the elderly Japanese population.

scholarly journals Serum albumin was negatively associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Chinese population: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pijun Yan ◽  
Qian Tang ◽  
Yuru Wu ◽  
Qin Wan ◽  
Zhihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Previous studies that explored the relationship of serum albumin with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) have indicated inconsistent results. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluated the association between serum albumin and DPN, defined as vibration perception threshold (VPT) values ≥ 25 V and/or inability to feel the monofilament, in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods 1465 T2DM patients aged ≥ 16 years, who completed the measurement of serum albumin and DPN screening between 2012 and 2015, were included in the cross-sectional study. Correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis models were used to evaluate the possible relationship between serum albumin and DPN. Results Patients with higher quartiles of serum albumin had significantly lower VPT values and prevalence of DPN compared with those with lower quartiles (P for trend < 0.01), and there was an inverse relationship between serum albumin and VPT values and prevalence of DPN (all P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of DPN was progressively decreased across serum albumin quartiles (P for trend < 0.01), and participants in the highest quartile of serum albumin were at a significantly decreased risk of DPN compared to those in the lowest quartile (odds rate: 0.311, 95% confidence intervals 0.134–0.724, P < 0.01). ROC analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff point of serum albumin for the prevalence of DPN was 39.95 g/L in patients with T2DM, with a sensitivity of 65.88% and a specificity of 66.7%. Conclusions Decreased levels of serum albumin might be correlated with increased risk of DPN in Chinese patients with T2DM. Future longitudinal studies with large samples are warranted to confirm our findings, and elucidate putative mechanisms for the association.

scholarly journals A predictive nomogram: a cross-sectional study on a simple-to-use model for screening 12-year-old children for severe caries in middle schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoying Duan ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Jialiang Zhao ◽  
Huiyu Yang ◽  
Jinfeng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Professionals

Abstract Background A nomogram is a tool that transforms complex regression equations into simple and visual graphs and enables clinicians and patients to conveniently compute output probabilities without needing medical knowledge and complex formulas. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a predictive nomogram to screen for severe caries among 12-year-old children based on risk factors in Sichuan Province, China. Methods A cross-sectional study of 4573 12-year-olds was conducted up to May 2016 in middle schools from three districts and three counties in Sichuan Province, China. All the children underwent oral examinations and completed questionnaires to assess general information, oral impacts on daily performance, dietary habits, subjective health conditions, history of dental trauma, frequency of toothache, dental visits, and knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours toward oral hygiene. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine which variables were significantly associated with severe caries (operationalized as DMFT ≥ 3). A nomogram was developed and validated by using the ‘rms’ package and two cross-validation methods. Results Severe caries was found in 537 of the 4573 children (11.74%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the following variables predicted a higher risk of severe caries: ‘female’ [odds ratio (OR) = 1.985, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.63–2.411], ‘urban’ (OR = 2.389, 95% CI: 1.96–2.91), ‘non-only child’ (OR = 1.317, 95% CI: 1.07–1.625), ‘very poor self-assessment of oral health status’ (OR = 2.157, 95% CI: 1.34–3.467) and ‘visited a dentist less than 6 months’ (OR = 1.861, 95% CI: 1.38–2.505). Multivariate logistic regression analysis also indicated that the following variables predicted a lower risk of severe caries: ‘middle level of urbanization’ (OR = 0.395, 95% CI: 0.32–0.495) and ‘high level of urbanization’ (OR = 0.466, 95% CI: 0.37–0.596). Both the fivefold and leave-one-out cross-validation methods indicated that the nomogram model built by these 6 variables displayed good disease recognition ability. Conclusions The nomogram was a simple-to-use model to screen children for severe caries. This model was found to facilitate non-dental professionals in assessing risk values without oral examinations and making referrals to dental professionals.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Hospitals Nurses’ Cognition on Palliative Care in Shandong Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailing Yang ◽  
Meimei Shang ◽  
Chunhua Sun ◽  
Lihua Li ◽  
Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nursing Knowledge

Background: Palliative care is an essential part of medical practice, however, it has developed slowly in China. We aimed to analyze the current situations of the cognition on palliative care among the nurses in Shandong Province, China. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. Investigation of 1050 nurses came from 5 third-class hospitals and 5 second-class hospitals in Shandong Province, China from Jul to Oct in 2018. The questionnaire included 4 parts: general information of the subject, the questionnaire of palliative nursing knowledge, attitude, and the behavior. Data were collected by the APP. Overall, after eliminating the invalid questionnaires, 1026 questionnaires were included in the final analyses. The software Stata 14.2 was used for all statistical analyses. Results: The score of knowledge and attitude was low, the practice was higher. Multivariate analysis results: the significant independent variables of univariate analysis were included in the multivariate non-conditional logistic regression model for analysis. Some departments had statistical significance in knowledge multivariate Logistic regression analysis. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of practice was significant for physical health and religious beliefs. The statistical variables of the total score of cognition were gender, age of care, health status and religious beliefs. Conclusion: Nursing knowledge is lacking and attitude remains to be improved as soon as possible. It is vital to improve the cognition of palliative care of nurses in Shandong general hospitals by developing relevant rules and regulations, strengthening the supervision of relevant ant departments, and enhancing training for nurses.  

scholarly journals Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sailimai Man ◽  
Yuan Ma ◽  
Cheng Jin ◽  
Jun Lv ◽  
Mingkun Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
H Pylori

Background. Studies suggest an association between H. pylori infection and extragastrointestinal disease. Limited studies provided conflicting results on the association between H. pylori infection and diabetes. The present study was aimed at examining the association between H. pylori infection and diabetes in a large health checkup population in China. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted; participants who attended health checkups at Beijing MJ Health Screening Center during 2017-2018 were included. H. pylori infection was diagnosed by 13C-urea breath test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between H. pylori infection and diabetes. Results. The mean age of 13,397 participants was 43.8±12 years. The prevalence of H. pylori infection and diabetes was 28.2% and 8.1%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes was higher among H. pylori-positive participants compared with their counterparts (8.9% vs 7.8%, p=0.05). After adjustment of age, sex, family history of diabetes, smoking, education, stroke, coronary heart disease, BMI, SBP, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C, multivariate logistic regression analysis found no association between H. pylori infection and diabetes (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.88-1.18). Additionally, subgroup analysis indicated that H. pylori infection was significantly associated with increased risk of diabetes in the female group (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.08-1.09). Conclusions. No significant association was found between H. pylori infection and diabetes. However, the subgroup analysis suggested that H. pylori infection was possibly associated with increased risk of diabetes among females. Future cohort studies are needed to verify this association in females and to address possible implication in the prevention of diabetes.

scholarly journals LDL-C:HDL-C ratio and common carotid plaque in Xinjiang Uygur obese adults: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e022757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhao ◽  
Fen Liu ◽  
Ying-Hong Wang ◽  
Hong-Mei Lai ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C:HDL-C) ratio and common carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CCAP) among obese adults of Uygur community in Xinjiang, China.DesignA hospital-based cross-sectional study.SettingFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.ParticipantsA total of 1449 obese adults of Uygur population who were free of coronary artery disease were included in our study from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016.MethodologyLipid profiles, other routine laboratory parameters and intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery were measured in all participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between LDL-C:HDL-C ratio and CCAP.ResultsFour hundred and fifteen (28.64%) participants had CCAP. Participants with CCAP had significantly higher LDL-C:HDL-C ratio compared with those without CCAP (3.21 [2.50, 3.88] vs 2.33 [1.95, 2.97], p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed high LDL-C:HDL-C ratio as independent predictor of CCAP after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors. The top LDL-C:HDL-C ratio quartile (≥3.25) had an OR of 9.355 (95% CI 6.181 to 14.157) compared with the bottom quartile (<2.07) of LDL-C:HDL-C ratio (p<0.001) after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking, diabetes mellitus and serum level of total cholesterol.ConclusionCCAP is highly prevalent in Uygur obese adults. A high LDL-C:HDL-C ratio is an independent predictor of CCAP. It may help identify obese individuals who are at high risk of CCAP and who may benefit from intensive LDL-lowering therapy.

scholarly journals Association between Obesity and Chronic Periodontitis: A Cross-sectional Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Reddy Palle ◽  
CM Sanjeeva Kumar Reddy ◽  
B Shiva Shankar ◽  
Vemsi Gelli ◽  
Jaradoddi Sudhakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Aim Chronic periodontitis is multifactorial and numerous risk factors have been identified to contribute in the disease progression. Current study aimed to conduct a cross-sectional study in a population of patients with cardiovascular diseases in order to correlate the association between obesity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)] and periodontal disease parameters. Materials and methods The study was of a cross-sectional design and a total of 201 patients were examined after obtaining their informed consent. Subjects who had a history of cardiovascular diseases and under treatment were included in the study. Two indicators of obesity were used: BMI and WC. The following periodontal parameters were assessed: Probing depth, clinical attachment level. The oral hygiene status of the subjects was assessed by the oral hygiene index (OHI, simplified) given by John C Greene and Jack R Vermillion. The influence of the BMI and other confounding variables on periodontitis severity was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results Significant association was seen with low density lipoproteins (LDL) and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), triglyceride levels (TGL) and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), cholesterol and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), BMI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), OHI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001). Significant association was seen with smoking and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), BMI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), WC and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), cholesterol and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), OHI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001). Conclusion Obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for several conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc. In our study the relation between measures of overall and abdominal obesity (BMI and WC) and periodontal disease showed significant association in the multivariate logistic regression analysis independent of other confounding factors. Clinical significance Obesity can act as a significant risk factor in progression of periodontitis. How to cite this article Palle AR, Reddy CMSK, Shankar BS, Gelli V, Sudhakar J, Reddy KKM. Association between Obesity and Chronic Periodontitis: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):168-173.

scholarly journals Workplace Violence Against Nurses in Psychiatric Hospital Settings: Perspectives from Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa Basfr ◽  
Ahlam Hamdan ◽  
Samia Al-Habib
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: Workplace violence (WPV) has become a world-wide concern. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of WPV among nurses working in psychiatric hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at three psychiatric hospitals in Saudi Arabia between March and May 2017. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire which was used to measure the prevalence and explore the associated factors of WPV. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was also performed. Results: A total of 310 nurses (response rate: 62%) were included in this study. The prevalence of WPV against nurses was 90.3%, of which 57.7% had been exposed to both physical and verbal abuse. More nurses were exposed to WPV during the morning shift than the evening shift (58.4% versus 42.3%). Violent behaviour was exhibited mostly by the patients themselves (81.3%). Over half of the nurses (57.4%) required medical intervention in such cases. The majority of nurses felt either stressed (64.2%) or anxious (53.5%) and 34.2% felt depressed after the incident. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that time of violence, source of violence, patient dissatisfaction with medical care and lack of organisational support for nurses were significantly associated with the occurrence of WPV in psychiatric units. Conclusion: WPV has reached an alarming rate among nurses in psychiatric hospitals in Saudi Arabia. It is crucial to invest in the prevention of WPV by constant training of workers and a mutual policy with the police and the civic prosecutor in Saudi Arabia on how to respond to violent psychiatric patients. Keywords: Workplace Violence; Psychiatry; Nurse; Mental Health; Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Incidence Trends and Risk Prediction Nomogram for Suicidal Attempts in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sixiang Liang ◽  
Jinhe Zhang ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Amanda Wilson ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Incidence Trends

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is often associated with suicidal attempt (SA). Therefore, predicting the risk factors of SA would improve clinical interventions, research, and treatment for MDD patients. This study aimed to create a nomogram model which predicted correlates of SA in patients with MDD within the Chinese population.Method: A cross-sectional survey among 474 patients was analyzed. All subjects met the diagnostic criteria of MDD according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to explore demographic information and clinical characteristics associated with SA. A nomogram was further used to predict the risk of SA. Bootstrap re-sampling was used to internally validate the final model. Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI) and Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) were used to evaluate the capability of discrimination and calibration, respectively. Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was also used to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction model.Result: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that being married (OR = 0.473, 95% CI: 0.240 and 0.930) and a higher level of education (OR = 0.603, 95% CI: 0.464 and 0.784) decreased the risk of the SA. The higher number of episodes of depression (OR = 1.854, 95% CI: 1.040 and 3.303) increased the risk of SA in the model. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.715, with the internal (bootstrap) validation sets was 0.703. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test yielded a P-value of 0.33, suggesting a good fit of the prediction nomogram in the validation set.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the demographic information and clinical characteristics of SA can be used in a nomogram to predict the risk of SA in Chinese MDD patients.

scholarly journals Internalized HIV stigma, bullying, major depressive disorder, and high-risk suicidality among HIV-positive adolescents in rural Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ashaba ◽  
C. Cooper-Vince ◽  
S. Maling ◽  
G. Z. Rukundo ◽  
D. Akena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Related Stigma

Background.Studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa suggest a high prevalence of depression and suicidality among adolescents living with HIV (ALWH). This is an important public health issue because depression is known to compromise HIV treatment adherence. However, the drivers of depression and suicidality in this population are unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the associations between internalized stigma, bullying, major depressive disorder, and suicidality.Methods.We conducted a cross-sectional survey between November 2016 and March 2017, enrolling a consecutive sample of 224 ALWH aged 13–17 years. We collected information on demographic characteristics, internalized HIV-related stigma (using the six-item Internalized AIDS-Related Stigma Scale), bullying victimization (using the nine-item Social and Health Assessment Peer Victimization Scale), major depressive disorder [using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID)], and suicidality (also using the MINI-KID). We fitted multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the associations between stigma, bullying, major depressive disorder, and suicidality.Results.Thirty-seven participants (16%) had major depressive disorder, 30 (13%) had suicidality, and nine (4%) had high-risk suicidality. Ninety-one participants (41%) had high levels of internalized stigma, while 97 (43%) reported two or more bullying events in the past year. In multivariable logistic regression models, major depressive disorder had a statistically significant association with bullying (AOR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.00–1.20;p= 0.04); while suicidality (low, moderate, high risk) had statistically significant associations with both bullying (AOR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.01–1.17;p= 0.02) and stigma (AOR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.03–1.30;p= 0.02).Conclusions.Among ALWH in rural Uganda, stigma and bullying are strongly associated with major depressive disorder and suicidality. There is a need to incorporate psychological interventions in the mainstream HIV care to address these challenges for optimal management of HIV among ALWH.

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