scholarly journals Secular trends of population attributable risk of overweight and obesity for hypertension among Chinese adults from 1991 to 2011

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Gou ◽  
Huiying Wu
Keyword(s):  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Intervention Effect ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increasing Trend

AbstractWe determined if the increasing trend in hypertension can be partly attributed to increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity in China over the past two decades. Data were collected from 1991 to 2011 and the population attributable risk (PAR), which is used to estimate the intervention effect on hypertension if overweight/obese, were eliminated. Linear regression was used to evaluate the secular trends. The age-standardized prevalence of overweight and obesity increased by 26.32% with an overall slope of 1.27% (95% CI: 1.12–1.43%) per year. Hypertension also increased by 12.37% with an overall slope of 0.65% (95% CI: 0.51–0.79%) per year. The adjusted ORs of overweight/obesity for hypertension across the survey years remained unchanged; however, the trend in PAR increased steadily from 27.1 to 44.6% with an overall slope of 0.81% (95% CI: 0.34–1.28%) per year (P = 0.006). There was no significant gender difference in the slopes of increasing PAR, as measured by regression coefficients (β = 0.95% vs. β = 0.63% per year, P = 0.36). Over the past two decades, the increase in the prevalence of hypertension in China was partly attributed to the overweight/obesity epidemic, which highlights the importance of controlling weight and further reducing the burden of hypertension.

Clinical and Translational Implications of an Emerging Developmental Substructure for Autism

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Constantino ◽  
Tony Charman ◽  
Emily Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Early Interventions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inherited Susceptibility ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Communication Disability

A vast share of the population-attributable risk for autism relates to inherited polygenic risk. A growing number of studies in the past five years have indicated that inherited susceptibility may operate through a finite number of early developmental liabilities that, in various permutations and combinations, jointly predict familial recurrence of the convergent syndrome of social communication disability that defines the condition. Here, we synthesize this body of research to derive evidence for a novel developmental substructure for autism, which has profound implications for ongoing discovery efforts to elucidate its neurobiological causes, and to inform future clinical and biomarker studies, early interventions, and personalized approaches to therapy. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Volume 17 is May 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Obesity and fertility

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Best ◽  
Siladitya Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Time To Pregnancy ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Live Birth Rates ◽  
The Past

AbstractThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of reproductive age has increased over the past 30 years. Infertility affects 1 in 7 couples, and female obesity is associated with anovulation. The mechanisms by which excessive fat delays time to pregnancy (TTP) appear rooted in ovulatory problems and direct effects on oocytes, causing poorer embryo development, as well as in effects on the endometrium. Weight loss in women has been shown to improve conception, but not necessarily live birth rates following fertility treatment, and further research in this area is needed. The obesity epidemic has been accompanied by a potential rise in male infertility, which has been attributed to hormonal disturbances and compromised semen parameters.

Population attributable risk (PAR) of overweight and obesity on chronic diseases: South Australian representative, cross-sectional data, 2004–2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Dal Grande ◽  
Tiffany Gill ◽  
Lydia Wyatt ◽  
Catherine R. Chittleborough ◽  
Patrick J. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in never treated mood disordered patientss

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Valerie Taylor ◽  
Glenda M. MacQueen
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Bipolar disorder and major depression are life-shortening illnesses. Unnatural causes such as suicide and accidents account for only a portion of this premature mortality1 Research is beginning to identify that mood disordered patients have a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome, an illness characterized by dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension and obesity.2 Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk for a variety of physical illnesses. Hypothesis: Never treated patients with mood disorders have preexisting elevations in the prevalence of the component variables of metabolic syndrome. Central obesity will be especially elevated, predicting increased premature mortality. Methods: We assessed never treated patients with mood disorders for metabolic syndrome and its component variables. Patients were assessed at baseline and followed up at 6-month intervals. All psychiatric pharmacotherapy was documented. Body mass index (BMI) was also obtained and the percentage of deaths attributable to overweight and obesity was calculated using the population attributable risk (PAR). [PAR= ∑[P (RR-1)/RR] Results: Prior to the initiation of treatment, patients did not differ from population norms with respect to metabolic syndrome or BMI. At 2-year follow-up, BMI had increased for unipolar patients 2.02 points and 1.92 points for bipolar patients. (p < .001) This increase in BMI predicted an increase in mortality of 19.4%. Conclusion: An increase in visceral obesity is often the first component of metabolic syndrome to appear and may indicate the initiation of this disease process prematurely in this group. The increase in BMI places patients with mood disorders at risk for premature mortality and indicates a need for early intervention. References 1.Osby U, Brandt L, Correia N, Ekbom A & Sparen P. Excess mortability in bipolar and Unipolar disorder rin Sweden. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2001;58: 844-850 2.Toalson P, Saeeduddin A, Hardy T & Kabinoff G. The metabolic syndrome in patients with severe mental illness. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2004; 6(4): 152-158

The Obesity Epidemic in Chinese American Youth?: A Literature Review and Pilot Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Matloff ◽  
Angela Lee ◽  
Roland Tang ◽  
Doug Brugge
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Chinese American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
American Children

Despite nearly 12 million Asian Americans living in the United States and continued immigration, this increasingly substantial subpopulation has consistently been left out of national obesity studies. When included in national studies, Chinese-American children have been grouped together with other Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders or simply as “other,” yielding significantly lower rates of overweight and obesity compared to non-Asians. There is a failure to recognize the ethnic diversity of Asian Americans as well as the effect of acculturation. Results from smaller studies of Chinese American youth suggest that they are adopting lifestyles less Chinese and more Americans and that their share of disease burden is growing. We screened 142 children from the waiting room of a community health center that serves primarily recent Chinese immigrants for height, weight and demographic profile. Body Mass Index was calculated and evaluated using CDC growth charts. Overall, 30.1 percent of children were above the 85th we found being male and being born in the U .S. to be statistically significant for BMI > 85th percentile (p=0.039, p=0.001, respectively). Our results suggest that being overweight in this Chinese American immigrant population is associated with being born in the U.S. A change in public policy and framework for research are required to accurately assess the extent of overweight and obesity in Chinese American children. In particular, large scale data should be stratified by age, sex, birthplace and measure of acculturation to identify those at risk and construct tailored interventions.

scholarly journals Caring for Overweight Children and Adolescents at a Reference Clinic in Nutrology: Habits and Attendance

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-010
Author(s):  
Valeria Moro ◽  
Luiz Antonio Del Ciampo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Municipal Health

Abstract Introduction The global obesity epidemic has mobilized health services to offer care at all levels, with reference outpatient clinics playing a prominent role in cases of greater complexity. Objectives The present study aimed to identify soft drinks consumption and physical activity habits among children and adolescents diagnosed with overweight and obesity during the first visit at a secondary level nutrology outpatient clinic, and to verify attendance at follow-up visits in a 2-year period from the first visit. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective, descriptive study based on data collection from medical records of overweighted or obese patients receiving first care at the Nutrology Clinic of the Municipal Health Secretariat from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. The study population included children and adolescents aged between 2 and 18 years old cared for from January 2, 2013 to December 30, 2017. Age, weight, height, soft drinks consumption, physical activity, and attendance in scheduled follow-up visits during a 2-year period were analyzed. Results During the study period, 316 patients were registered, including 302 (95.5%) diagnosed with obesity. Of these, 112 (35.4%) were children and 204 (64.6%) were adolescents. Only 2.0% of the children and adolescents did not consume soft drinks, while 23.5 and 26.2% of the children and adolescents, respectively, consumed them daily. Physical inactivity was reported by 31.8% of the children and by 35.8% of the adolescents. Among those who practiced some type of physical activity, 81.3% of the children and 78.2% of the adolescents did not meet the recommendation of moderate to vigorous activity for 60 minutes per day. Dropout rates within the 1st year were of 41.9% for children and of 34.3% for adolescents, increasing to 76.9% and 73.8%, respectively, within the 2nd year. Conclusion There was a high consumption of soft drinks and low adherence to physical activity among patients who started outpatient follow-up. A small adherence to the follow-up program was also identified, with high dropout rates within the 2-year period following the first visit.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document