scholarly journals Restoration and risk reduction of lead mining waste by phosphate-enriched biosolid amendments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Xi Tang ◽  
John Yang ◽  
Zhanxiang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Mining Wastes ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Environmental Sound ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Pb Contamination

AbstractLead (Pb) contamination in environment has been identified as a threat to human health and ecosystems. In an effort to reduce the health and ecological risks associated with Pb mining wastes, a field study was conducted to stabilize Pb using phosphate (P)-enriched biosolid amendments in the contaminated mining wastes (average of 1004 mg Pb kg−1) located within the Jasper County Superfund Site, southwest Missouri. Experiments consisted of six biosolid amendment treatments, including Mizzou Doo compost (MD); Spent mushroom compost (SMC); Turkey litter compost (TLC); Composted chicken litter (CCL); Composted sewage sludge (CSS); and Triple superphosphate (TSP). Kentucky tall fescue seeds were planted following the treatments, and soil and plant samples were collected and analyzed 8–10 years post treatment. Results indicated that, in all cases, the biosolid treatments resulted in significant reductions in bioaccessible Pb (96.5 to 97.5%), leachable Pb (95.0 to 97.1%) and plant tissue Pb (45.5 to 90.1%) in the treated wastes, as compared with the control. The treatments had no significantly toxicological effect to soil microbial community. Analysis of the Pb fractionation revealed that the Pb risk reduction was accomplished by transforming labile Pb fractions to relatively stable species through the chemical stabilization reactions as induced by the treatments. The solid-phase microprobe analysis confirmed the formation of pyromorphite or pyromorphite-like minerals after the treatment. Among the six biosolid amendments examined, SMC and MD treatments were shown most effective in the context of Pb stabilization and risk reduction. This field study demonstrated that the treatment effectiveness of Pb stabilization and risk reduction in mining wastes by P-enriched biosolid amendments was long-term and environmental-sound, which could be potentially applied as a cost-effective remedial technology to restore contaminated mining site and safeguard human health and ecosystems from Pb contamination.

scholarly journals Restoration and Risk Reduction of Lead Mining Waste by Phosphate-Enriched Biosolid Amendments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Xi Tang ◽  
John Yang ◽  
Zhanxiang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Mining Wastes ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Environmental Sound ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Pb Contamination

Abstract Lead (Pb) contamination in environment has been identified as a threat to human health and ecosystems. In an effort to reduce the health and ecological risks associated with Pb mining wastes, a field study was conducted to stabilize Pb using phosphate (P)-enriched biosolid amendments in contaminated mining wastes (average of 1004 mg Pb kg-1) located within the Jasper County Superfund Site, southwest Missouri. Experiments consisted of six treatments, including Mizzou Doo (MD); Spent mushroom compost (SMC); Turkey litter compost (TLC); Composted chicken litter (CCL); Composed sewage sludge (CSS); and Triple superphosphate (TSP). Tall fescue seeds were planted following treatments and soil and plant samples collected and analyzed 8-10 years post treatment. Results indicated that all biosolid treatments resulted in effective reductions of bioaccessible, leachable and phytoavailable Pb in the treated waste. The treatments had no toxicological effect to soil microbial community. Analysis of the Pb fractionation revealed that the Pb risk reduction was acomplished by transforming labile Pb to relatively stable species through chemical stabilization reactions as induced by treatments. The solid-phase microprobe analysis confirmed the formation of pyromorphite or pyromorphite-like minerals after treatment. Among the six amendments examined, SMC and MD treatments were shown most effective in context of Pb stabilization and risk reduction. This study demonstrated that the efficacy of Pb stabilization and risk reduction by P-enriched biosolid amendments was long-term and environmental-sound, which could be potentially applied as a cost-effective remedial technology to restore contaminated mining site and safeguard human health and ecosystems from Pb contamination.

An environmentally friendly method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different soil typologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Flavia De Nicola ◽  
Estefanía Concha-Graña ◽  
Enrica Picariello ◽  
Valeria Memoli ◽  
Giulia Maisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Industrial Soil ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Environmental contextPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread organic pollutants that tend to accumulate in soil. We developed an environmentally friendly analytical method for PAHs to evaluate human health risks associated with their presence in soils. The method is feasible for the analysis of soils with widely varying PAH contamination levels, and is well suited to environmental monitoring studies of relevance to human health. AbstractA microwave-assisted extraction, with a dispersive solid-phase purification step followed by programmed temperature vaporisation–gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, is proposed as an environmentally friendly, simple and cheap analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Different extraction and clean-up operating variables were tested to achieve satisfactory analytical performances: trueness from 92 to 114%, limit of quantification (LOQ) from 0.4 to 2µgkg−1 for most PAHs and intermediate precision, calculated as relative standard deviation (RSD), below 10%. The method was validated using both Certified Reference Material and real soil samples collected at sites subjected to different human activities. PAH contents ranged from 0.11 (in holm oak forest soil) to 1mgkg−1 d.w. (in an industrial soil) according to the anthropic gradient. The soil PAH contents measured were used to estimate the risk to human health, which suggested the exposure to the PAHs in soil as a potential risk for human health, especially at the industrial site. The feasibility of the method for soils with different PAH contamination degrees makes it relevant in monitoring programs.

scholarly journals Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Water of Jiuxi Valley, China: Distribution, Source Analysis, and Risk Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Guanlin Zheng ◽  
Zhen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Potential Risks

Residual levels of 11 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in surface water of Jiuxi Valley were determined during spring and autumn at nine sampling points to assess their contamination and potential risks. The water samples were extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE), and OCPs were analyzed by gas chromatograph equipped with a 63Ni-ECD detector. The investigation results indicated that the concentration of total OCPs varied from 4.07 to 13.5 ng·L−1 with an average value of 7.15 ng·L−1 in spring, and from 12.5 to 30.1 ng·L−1 with an average value of 19.9 ng·L−1 in autumn. Jiuxi Valley was slightly contaminated by OCPs, and the concentrations of ΣHCHs and ΣDDTs in the river were at relatively low levels. HCHs were the main pollutant in spring, and also in autumn, and α-HCH was the main component of the HCH isomers at most sampling points. Source analysis indicated that local use of lindane or input of fresh γ-HCH contributed to the presence of HCHs. New inputs were the major sources of DDTs, aldrin, heptachlor, and endrin. The OCP levels of this investigation were within the standard limits set by a majority of the water quality standards and guidelines of China, WHO, European Union, and Canada. However, although the γ-HCH concentrations at all sampling sites, endrin concentrations at all sampling sites, and β-HCH concentrations at most sampling sites were below the human health water quality standard, and the levels of other tested OCPs (α-HCH, p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDT, aldrin, and heptachlor) exceeded the value of EPA-recommended water quality criteria for human health, which indicated potential risks to human health around the region.

scholarly journals Addressing capacities of local communities in a changing context in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Rolsted ◽  
Emmanuel Raju
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Extended Notion

PurposeThe field study aimed at exploring how capacities are influenced by external factors in the context of community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR).Design/methodology/approachThe field study was conducted in a small rural area called Lapsibot in Lamjung district in Nepal. The article is based on a fieldwork conducted in April 2018. The different tools of data collection were inspired by the vulnerability and capacity assessment approach with a focus on various aspects of vulnerabilities and capacities with regard to disaster risk reduction (DRR) in Lapsibot.FindingsThe paper highlights that communities, in fact, need enhanced and extended capacities, not only existing inherent capacities, which are usually the main subject of capacity development in rural communities.Originality/valueWhile there is absolutely no question of strong capacities at the community level, this paper appeals for a more in-depth investigation of an extended notion of capacities, where the effects of the rapid changes and increasing impact of the outside world are taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Solid Phase Microextraction for Measuring Agricultural Pesticides in Natural Samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torkan Mehrdiba ◽  
Marziyeh Piriyaei ◽  
Leila Kanaani
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
Social Costs And Benefits ◽  
New Policies

Introduction: Fungicides are a group of pesticides which are widely used and have negative effects on human health and the environment; Pesticide residues resulted from applying fungicides is a very important issue due to environmental pollution and human health risk and should be seriously considered. In order to achieve such insight summing up the dangers of pesticides is necessary so that attributes to predict social costs and benefits and monitor new policies applied.Methods: In this study, the possibility of extracting Triazole, a fungicide was evaluated by utilizing nanostructures, PW/SiO2, using new synthetic microextraction methods. Triazole is one of the most important pesticides with worldwide use for the protection of a variety of vegetables, fruits and grains and the destruction of many fungal pathogens because of its broad-spectrum and systemic properties.Results: In this study, a new synthetic microextraction is used in which the PW/SiO2 with nano-holes is applied for extraction and identification Triazole; the high specific surface area, selectivity, shape, and size are the main characteristics of these compounds leading to numerous catalytic applications, filtration, separation, and extraction of pesticides.Conclusion: The optimization conditions for this process include the extraction temperature: 80° C, extraction duration: 45 minutes, desorption temperature: 300° C, desorption duration: 2 minutes. Also, the correlation coefficient was high (0.998) and linear range was broad (0.01 to 200 ng/ml).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document