scholarly journals Neutrophil-suppressive activity over T-cell proliferation and fungal clearance in a murine model of Fonsecaea pedrosoi infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Carvalho Dantas Breda ◽  
Cristiane Naffah de Souza Breda ◽  
Gilberto Hideo Kaihami ◽  
José Roberto Fogaça de Almeida ◽  
Grasielle Pereira Jannuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
System Response ◽  
Fungal Burden ◽  
Specific Antibody Production ◽  
Immune System Response ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractNeutrophils are essential to control several fungal infections. These cells are commonly known for their pro-inflammatory activities. However, some studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory properties of neutrophils during certain infectious diseases, culminating in the inhibition of T cell proliferation. Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a deep and progressive mycosis that affects thousands of people worldwide. Although neutrophil infiltrates are observed in the lesion histopathology, the fungus can overtake the immune system response and destroy the host-infected tissue. The present study demonstrated that neutropenic animals had an increase in the IL-6 production in the spleen and liver, followed by a lower fungal burden in these organs up to 14 days of infection. Neutropenic animals also showed a lower F. pedrosoi-specific antibody production 14-days post infection and higher T-cell proliferation in the in vitro experiments after stimulation with F. pedrosoi-purified proteins. Taken together, our results suggest that the presence of regulatory neutrophils in the mouse model of F. pedrosoi infection could act favoring the spread of the fungus and the chronicity of the infection. These findings shed light on the CBM treatment, which might target neutrophil polarization as a new therapy approach to treat CBM lesions.

scholarly journals Keratinocytes Regulate the Threshold of Inflammation by Inhibiting T Cell Effector Functions

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1606
Author(s):  
Peter Seiringer ◽  
Stefanie Eyerich ◽  
Kilian Eyerich ◽  
Daniela Dittlein ◽  
Anna Caroline Pilz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Nickel Sulfate ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Effector Functions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cell Effector

Whilst the importance of keratinocytes as a first-line defense has been widely investigated, little is known about their interactions with non-resident immune cells. In this study, the impact of human keratinocytes on T cell effector functions was analyzed in an antigen-specific in vitro model of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to nickel sulfate. Keratinocytes partially inhibited T cell proliferation and cytokine production. This effect was dependent on the keratinocyte/T cell ratio and was partially reversible by increasing the number of autologous dendritic cells. The inhibition of T cell proliferation by keratinocytes was independent of the T cell subtype and antigen presentation by different professional antigen-presenting cells. Autologous and heterologous keratinocytes showed comparable effects, while the fixation of keratinocytes with paraformaldehyde abrogated the immunosuppressive effect. The separation of keratinocytes and T cells by a transwell chamber, as well as a cell-free keratinocyte supernatant, inhibited T cell effector functions to the same amount as directly co-cultured keratinocytes, thus proving that soluble factor/s account for the observed suppressive effects. In conclusion, keratinocytes critically control the threshold of inflammatory processes in the skin by inhibiting T cell proliferation and cytokine production.

scholarly journals Siplizumab, an Anti-CD2 Monoclonal Antibody, Induces a Unique Set of Immune Modulatory Effects Compared to Alemtuzumab and Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Binder ◽  
Felix Sellberg ◽  
Filip Cvetkovski ◽  
Erik Berglund ◽  
David Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Allogeneic Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction ◽  
Dependent Cell

Antibodies are commonly used in organ transplant induction therapy and to treat autoimmune disorders. The effects of some biologics on the human immune system remain incompletely characterized and a deeper understanding of their mechanisms of action may provide useful insights for their clinical application. The goal of this study was to contrast the mechanistic properties of siplizumab with Alemtuzumab and rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (rATG). Mechanistic assay systems investigating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell phagocytosis and complement-dependent cytotoxicity were used to characterize siplizumab. Further, functional effects of siplizumab, Alemtuzumab, and rATG were investigated in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Changes in T cell activation, T cell proliferation and frequency of naïve T cells, memory T cells and regulatory T cells induced by siplizumab, Alemtuzumab and rATG in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction were assessed via flow cytometry. Siplizumab depleted T cells, decreased T cell activation, inhibited T cell proliferation and enriched naïve and bona fide regulatory T cells. Neither Alemtuzumab nor rATG induced the same combination of functional effects. The results presented in this study should be used for further in vitro and in vivo investigations that guide the clinical use of immune modulatory biologics.

scholarly journals IL-10 mRNA Engineered MSCs Demonstrate Enhanced Anti-Inflammation in an Acute GvHD Model

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3101
Author(s):  
Cuiping Zhang ◽  
Mina Delawary ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
Jennifer A. Korchak ◽  
Koji Suda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Mrna Transfection ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used in various studies to induce immunomodulatory effects in clinical conditions associated with immune dysregulation such as graft versus host disease (GvHD). However, most of these clinical trials failed to go beyond early phase 2 studies because of limited efficacy. Various methods have been assessed to increase the potency of MSCs. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is known to modulate immune responses in GvHD. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of transfecting IL-10 mRNA to enhance MSC therapeutic potential. IL-10 mRNA engineered MSCs (eMSCs-IL10) maintained high levels of IL-10 expression even after freezing and thawing. IL-10 mRNA transfection did not appear to alter MSC intrinsic characteristics. eMSCs-IL10 significantly suppressed T cell proliferation relative to naïve MSCs in vitro. In a mouse model for GvHD, eMSCs-IL10 induced a decrease in plasma level of potent pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation in the spleen. In summary, our studies demonstrate the feasibility of potentiating MSCs to enhance their immunomodulatory effects by IL-10 mRNA transfection. The use of non-viral transfection may generate a safe and potent MSC product for treatment of clinical conditions associated with immune dysregulation such as GvHD.

In Vitro Effects of Cyclosporine A and Tacrolimus on Regulatory T-Cell Proliferation and Function

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Miroux ◽  
Olivier Morales ◽  
Khaldoun Ghazal ◽  
Samia Ben Othman ◽  
Yvan de Launoit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Regulatory T Cell ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Silymarin Inhibits In Vitro T-Cell Proliferation and Cytokine Production in Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-681.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Morishima ◽  
Margaret C. Shuhart ◽  
Chia C. Wang ◽  
Denise M. Paschal ◽  
Minjun C. Apodaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection

A CD28 CDR3 peptide analog inhibits CD4+ T-cell proliferation in vitro

2006 ◽  
pp. 689-690
Author(s):  
Mythily Srinivasan ◽  
Richard M. Wardrop ◽  
Caroline C. Whitacre ◽  
Pravin T.P. Kaumaya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Peptide Analog ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

scholarly journals Atorvastatin-Medicated Dentifrice Significantly Inhibits CD4+ T Cell Proliferation: In vitro Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
David R Rosenberg ◽  
Jeremy R Kernitsky ◽  
Catherine X Andrade ◽  
Valeria Ramirez ◽  
Deborah Violant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

A Nanobody Against Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Antigen-4 Increases the Anti-Tumor Effects of Specific CD8+ T Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2229-2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran Tang ◽  
Fengzhen Mo ◽  
Aiqun Liu ◽  
Siliang Duan ◽  
Xiaomei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Tumor Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Xenograft Models

Adoptive cell-based immunotherapy typically utilizes cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), expanding these cells ex vivo. Such expansion is traditionally accomplished through the use of autologous APCs that are capable of interactions with T cells. However, incidental inhibitory program such as CTLA-4 pathway can impair T cell proliferation. We therefore designed a nanobody which is specific for CTLA-4 (CTLA-4 Nb 16), and we then used this molecule to assess its ability to disrupt CTLA-4 signaling and thereby overcome negative costimulation of T cells. With CTLA-4 Nb16 stimulation, dendritic cell/hepatocellular carcinoma fusion cells (DC/HepG2-FCs) enhanced autologous CD8+ T cell proliferation and production of IFN-γ in vitro, thereby leading to enhanced killing of tumor cells. Using this approach in the context of adoptive CD8+ immunotherapy led to a marked suppression of tumor growth in murine NOD/SCID hepatocarcinoma or breast cancer xenograft models. We also observed significantly increased tumor cell apoptosis, and corresponding increases in murine survival. These findings thus demonstrate that in response to nanobody stimulation, DC/tumor cells-FC-induced specific CTLs exhibit superior anti-tumor efficacy, making this a potentially valuable means of achieving better adoptive immunotherapy outcomes in cancer patients.

scholarly journals HIV inhibits CD4+ T-cell proliferation by inducing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in plasmacytoid dendritic cells

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 3351-3359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Boasso ◽  
Jean-Philippe Herbeuval ◽  
Andrew W. Hardy ◽  
Stephanie A. Anderson ◽  
Matthew J. Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase

AbstractInfection with the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) results in acute and progressive numeric loss of CD4+ T-helper cells and functional impairment of T-cell responses. The mechanistic basis of the functional impairment of the surviving cells is not clear. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an immunosuppressive enzyme that inhibits T-cell proliferation by catabolizing the essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) into the kynurenine (kyn) pathway. Here, we show that IDO mRNA expression is elevated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HIV+ patients compared with uninfected healthy controls (HCs), and that in vitro inhibition of IDO with the competitive blocker 1-methyl tryptophan (1-mT) results in increased CD4+ T-cell proliferative response in PBMCs from HIV-infected patients. We developed an in vitro model in which exposure of PBMCs from HCs to either infectious or noninfectious, R5- or X4-tropic HIV induced IDO in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). HIV-induced IDO was not inhibited by blocking antibodies against interferon type I or type II, which, however, induced IDO in pDCs when added to PBMC cultures. Blockade of gp120/CD4 interactions with anti-CD4 Ab inhibited HIV-mediated IDO induction. Thus, induction of IDO in pDCs by HIV may contribute to the T-cell functional impairment observed in HIV/AIDS by a non–interferon-dependent mechanism.

scholarly journals Allergen-Induced C5a/C5aR1 Axis Activation in Pulmonary CD11b+ cDCs Promotes Pulmonary Tolerance through Downregulation of CD40

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantina Antoniou ◽  
Fanny Ender ◽  
Tillman Vollbrandt ◽  
Yves Laumonnier ◽  
Franziska Rathmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
C5a Receptor ◽  
The Impact

Activation of the C5/C5a/C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) axis during allergen sensitization protects from maladaptive T cell activation. To explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms, we analyzed the impact of C5aR1 activation on pulmonary CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) in the context of house-dust-mite (HDM) exposure. BALB/c mice were intratracheally immunized with an HDM/ovalbumin (OVA) mixture. After 24 h, we detected two CD11b+ cDC populations that could be distinguished on the basis of C5aR1 expression. C5aR1− but not C5aR1+ cDCs strongly induced T cell proliferation of OVA-reactive transgenic CD4+ T cells after re-exposure to antigen in vitro. C5aR1− cDCs expressed higher levels of MHC-II and CD40 than their C5aR1+ counterparts, which correlated directly with a higher frequency of interactions with cognate CD4+ T cells. Priming of OVA-specific T cells by C5aR1+ cDCs could be markedly increased by in vitro blockade of C5aR1 and this was associated with increased CD40 expression. Simultaneous blockade of C5aR1 and CD40L on C5aR1+ cDCs decreased T cell proliferation. Finally, pulsing with OVA-induced C5 production and its cleavage into C5a by both populations of CD11b+ cDCs. Thus, we propose a model in which allergen-induced autocrine C5a generation and subsequent C5aR1 activation in pulmonary CD11b+ cDCs promotes tolerance towards aeroallergens through downregulation of CD40.

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