Heterogeneous node copying from hidden network structure

AbstractNode copying is an important mechanism for network formation, yet most models assume uniform copying rules. Motivated by observations of heterogeneous triadic closure in real networks, we introduce the concept of a hidden network model—a generative two-layer model in which an observed network evolves according to the structure of an underlying hidden layer—and apply the framework to a model of heterogeneous copying. Framed in a social context, these two layers represent a node’s inner social circle, and wider social circle, such that the model can bias copying probabilities towards, or against, a node’s inner circle of friends. Comparing the case of extreme inner circle bias to an equivalent model with uniform copying, we find that heterogeneous copying suppresses the power-law degree distributions commonly seen in copying models, and results in networks with much higher clustering than even the most optimum scenario for uniform copying. Similarly large clustering values are found in real collaboration networks, lending empirical support to the mechanism.

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ANN Modeling of Motional Resistance for Micro Disk Resonator

Deep Learning and Neural Networks ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch013 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 199-216

Author(s):

Manjula A. Sutagundar ◽

Basavaprabhu G. Sheeparamatti ◽

Dakshayani S. Jangamshetti

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Resonance Frequency ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Equivalent Model ◽

Ann Model ◽

Feed Forward Neural Network ◽

Disk Resonator ◽

Motional Resistance ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽

Hidden Layer

This article describes how modeling is an integral part of design and development of any system that provides the theoretical characterization of the system and helps in understanding the relations between various parameters of the system, before the system is developed. The capability of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to model the complex relations between a set of inputs and outputs is exploited to model the motional resistance and resonance frequency for a contour mode disk resonator. The solution was to develop a multilayer feed forward neural network. The data set required to train the ANN is obtained by developing an electrical equivalent model and through the MEMS simulation software Coventorware. The network is trained using a Levenberg Marquardt algorithm. The number of hidden layers and the number of neurons in each hidden layer is optimized using a genetic algorithm. The ANN model developed an efficient model of the motional resistance and resonance frequency of the disk resonator. The ANN output is compared with the output of an electrical equivalent model and a reported fabricated structure.

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Facilitating Intercultural Encounters with International Students: A Contribution to Inclusion and Social Network Formation

Social Inclusion ◽

10.17645/si.v9i3.4084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 58-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katharina Resch ◽

José Pedro Amorim

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

International Students ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Network Formation ◽

Adequate Funding ◽

Intercultural Encounters ◽

Inner Circle ◽

Local Students ◽

Social Network Formation

Higher education has become increasingly mobile and international, with many students taking the opportunity to study abroad during their studies. When they do so, forming and maintaining social networks is fundamental for their development of a sense of social inclusion. According to Coleman’s model of concentric circles, international students can establish networks with students from their own country (inner circle), with other international students (middle circle) and with local students (outer circle). This study explores various formats of organised student encounters in these three circles which contribute to the social inclusion of international students. The article is based on desk research of 15 formats of intercultural student encounters which facilitate social network formation during a study placement abroad in six countries in Europe. The findings show that all the studied formats of organised student encounters facilitate social networks in the middle and outer circles, while those in the inner circle are established by the students themselves and through informal social interaction. Formats embedded in the curriculum are most suited to facilitating social network formation throughout the academic year. Extracurricular formats, in contrast, tend to be single occasion activities without follow‐up. The study shows that universities can facilitate social network formation and assist social inclusion for international students through organised encounters in which international and local students meet. Organising such encounters does, however, require resources, evaluation, and adequate funding.

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Preferential Attachment, Homophily, and the Structure of International Networks, 1816–2003

Conflict Management and Peace Science ◽

10.1177/0738894212443344 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 341-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Zeev Maoz

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Network Formation ◽

Preferential Attachment ◽

Formation Processes ◽

Trade Networks ◽

International Networks ◽

Alliance Networks ◽

Law Degree ◽

Attachment Process ◽

Over Time

This study examines the extent to which network formation processes in international relations parallel models that characterize the formation processes of physical, biological, and social networks. I introduce two influential models from networks sciences: Preferential Attachment (PA) models state that the probability of a new node forming a link with an existing node is a function of the latter node’s centrality. Networks that form through a PA process tend to have a power-law degree distribution. The Homophily (HO) model states that nodes tend to attach to similar other nodes. Such networks evolve into a set of homogenous subgroups. An analysis of alliance and trade networks over the 1816 (1870)–2003 period reveals strong evidence that alliance networks are affected by homophily processes. Trade networks form via a preferential attachment process. The tendency of international networks to evolve according to such processes increases over time. I discuss the implications of these results.

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Correlated copying in a hidden network model

10.21203/rs.3.rs-258292/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Max Falkenberg McGillivray

Keyword(s):

Social Network ◽

Network Model ◽

Power Law ◽

Degree Distribution ◽

Network Models ◽

Unusual Property ◽

Network Comparison ◽

Network Heterogeneity ◽

Social Circle ◽

Hidden Layer

Abstract We introduce the concept of a hidden network model -- a generative two-layer network in which an observed network evolves according to the structure of an underlying hidden layer. We apply the concept to a simple, analytically tractable model of correlated node copying. In contrast to models where nodes are copied uniformly at random, we consider the case in which the set of copied nodes is biased by the underlying hidden network. In the context of a social network, this copied set may be thought of as an individual's inner social circle, whereas the remaining nodes are part of the wider social circle. Correlated copying results in a stretched-exponential degree distribution, suppressing the power-law tail observed in uniform copying, generates networks with significant clustering, and, in contrast to uniform copying, exhibits the unusual property that the number of cliques of size n grows independently of n. We suggest that hidden network models offer an alternative family of null models for network comparison, and may offer a useful conceptual framework for understanding network heterogeneity.

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South Asian Stories: Firsthand Client Perspectives on Barriers to Accessing Speech-Language Pathology Services

Perspectives on Communication Disorders and Sciences in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations ◽

10.1044/cds19.1.29 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 29-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nidhi Mahendra

Keyword(s):

South Asian ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Communication Disorders ◽

Speech Language Pathology ◽

Client Experiences ◽

Individual Interviews ◽

Timely Access ◽

Phenomenological Perspective ◽

Case Vignettes ◽

Language Pathology

This article details the experience of two South Asian individuals with family members who had communication disorders. I provide information on intrinsic and extrinsic barriers reported by these clients in responses to a survey and during individual ethnographic interviews. These data are part of a larger study and provide empirical support of cultural and linguistic barriers that may impede timely access to and utilization of speech-language pathology (SLP) services. The purpose of this article is to shed light on barriers and facilitators that influence South Asian clients' access to SLP services. I provide and briefly analyze two case vignettes to provide readers a phenomenological perspective on client experiences. Data about barriers limiting access to SLP services were obtained via client surveys and individual interviews. These two clients' data were extracted from a larger study (Mahendra, Scullion, Hamerschlag, Cooper, & La, 2011) in which 52 racially/ethnically diverse clients participated. Survey items and interview questions were designed to elicit information about client experiences when accessing SLP services. Results reveal specific intrinsic and extrinsic barriers that affected two South Asian clients' access to SLP services and have important implications for all providers.

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Capturing the Four-Phase Team Adaptation Process With Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000503 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 336-347

Author(s):

Eleni Georganta ◽

Felix C. Brodbeck

Keyword(s):

Rating Scales ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Team Development ◽

Adaptation Process ◽

Adaptation Studies ◽

Team Processes ◽

Team Adaptation ◽

The Common ◽

Acceptable Reliability ◽

Adaptation Phase

Abstract. As a response to the lack of quantitative and reliable measures of the team adaptation process, the aim of the present study was to develop and validate an instrument for assessing the four phases of the team adaptation process as described by Rosen and colleagues (2011) . Two trained raters and two subject matter expert groups contributed to the development of four behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) that span across the spectrum of team processes involved in each team adaptation phase. To validate the four BARS, two different trained raters assessed independently the team adaptation phases of 66 four-person teams. The validation study provided empirical support for the BARS’ psychometric adequacy. The BARS measures overcame the common middle anchor problem, showed sensitivity in differentiating between teams and between the four phases, showed evidence for acceptable reliability, construct, and criterion validity, and supported the theoretical team adaptation process assumptions. The study contributes to research and praxis by enabling the direct assessment of the overall team adaptation process, thereby facilitating our understanding of this complex phenomenon. This allows the identification of behavioral strengths and weaknesses for targeted team development and comprehensive team adaptation studies.

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