Psychological Dynamics In The Changing Of Bullying Victims Into Bullies At Student In Islamic Boarding School

Bullying case was one of the problems conducted in school that became an international concern. Bullying occurrence in school was not limited to regular school but also in boarding school, particularly in islamic boarding school; thus, this phenomenon had a higher chance to occur in boarding school due to seniority. It was also found that the bullies were previously had the experiences as the victims. According to this phenomenon, a qualitative study was held to formulate the substantial theory about the psychological dynamics of the victim becoming bullies, particularly in islamic boarding school context. This study conducted the systematic grounded theory. The data was collected through in-depth interviews and observations toward nine main participants, and some supported participants and analyzed with constant comparative technique. The finding of this study was The Dynamic of Bullying: The Victims Become Bullies, which contained six phases: 1) Become the victims, 2) Aggrieved phase, 3) Frustration phase, 4) Maladaptive coping phase, 5) Trial phase, 6) Become the bullies. This dynamic explained the psychological dynamics in the victims who become bullies. Some interesting findings found in the fourth phase, the maladaptive coping phase, in which the victims decide whether to be adaptive or maladaptive to bullying activity. The alternate in the adaptation phase indicated that the shifting role of victims to bullies could be prevented. Psychological support programs, both preventive and curative way, could be beneficial to prevent the possibility of the victim becoming bullies. The preventive program could prevent the victims from becoming bullies, and the curative program could help the victim heal the trauma of bullying.

Frequency transfer of the ventriloquism aftereffect

The ventriloquism aftereffect (VAE) describes the persistent shift of perceived sound location after having been adapted to a ventriloquism condition, in which the sound was repeatedly paired with a displaced visual stimulus. In the latter case, participants consistently mislocalize the sound in the direction of the visual stimulus (ventriloquism effect, VE). Previous studies provide conflicting reports regarding the strength of the VAE, ranging from 0 to nearly 100%. Moreover, there is controversy about its generalization to different sounds than the one inducing the VE, ranging from no transfer at all, to full transfer across different sound spectra. Here, we imposed the VE for three different sounds: a low-frequency and a high-frequency narrow-band noise, and a broadband Gaussian white noise (GWN). In the adaptation phase, listeners generated fast goal-directed head movements to localize the sound, presented across a 70 deg range in the horizontal plane, while ignoring a visual distracter that was consistently displaced 10 deg to the right of the sound. In the post-adaptation phase, participants localized narrow-band sounds with center frequencies from 0.5 to 8 kHz, as well as GWN, without the visual distracter. Our results show that the VAE amounted to approximately 40% of the VE and generalized well across the entire frequency domain. We also found that the strength of the VAE correlated with the pre-adaptation sound-localization performance. We compare our results with previous reports and discuss different hypotheses regarding optimal audio-visual cue integration.

Adaptation and Validation of The HIV-Kq-18 HIV Knowledge Questionnaire for Healthy Indonesian Population

Background: Indonesia does not have a validated instrument to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge. The HIV-KQ-18 is one of the most extensively used instruments for assessing HIV/AIDS knowledge, and it has been translated into various languages throughout the world. This paper describes the process of adapting and validating the HIV-KQ-18, an instrument to assess the level of HIV/AIDS knowledge.Methods: In the adaptation phase, feedback for the initial Bahasa Indonesia version was gathered from two HIV activists, an obstetrician, two general practitioners, and 60 pilot participants from the physician. Additional descriptions (namely synonyms or examples) were added to the particular terms in the 6 items to make it more understandable.Results: In the validation phase 1,249 participants were recruited. The online link of HIV-KQ-18 Bahasa Indonesia was distributed to participants from six major regions in Indonesia. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha, while construct validity was determined using factor analysis. Based on visual observation of the scree tree in the factor analysis, one factor was preferable. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.82.Conclusion: Therefore, HIV-KQ-18 Bahasa Indonesia is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the level of HIV/AIDS knowledge in Indonesia.

Digitalization Capabilities for Sustainable Cyber Resilience: A Conceptual Framework

Digital transformation is currently an essential condition for companies to operate in most markets, since it provides a whole new set of competitive skills and strategic tools. On the other hand, the same digitalization puts companies in the face of a whole new series of threats coming from the cyber space. The foundation of business sustainability, which is the maintenance of competitiveness while securing business, is no longer a “plus” feature or a captivating sentence but a true and consistent need for all organizations. This article provides a literature analysis on approaches and models for cyber resilience, digitalization capabilities, and a conceptual framework showing how digitalization capabilities drive cyber resilience. Digitalization capabilities are involved in the plan/prepare phase and in the adaptation phase of the cyber resilience process. In particular, online informational capabilities can drive both these phases. Other capabilities such as the employment of heterogeneous resources and the promotion of continuous learning drive the plan/prepare phase, while the scanning of the evolution of the digital environment and a timely reconfiguration of resources drive the adaptation phase.

MarsExplorer: Exploration of Unknown Terrains via Deep Reinforcement Learning and Procedurally Generated Environments

This paper is an initial endeavor to bridge the gap between powerful Deep Reinforcement Learning methodologies and the problem of exploration/coverage of unknown terrains. Within this scope, MarsExplorer, an openai-gym compatible environment tailored to exploration/coverage of unknown areas, is presented. MarsExplorer translates the original robotics problem into a Reinforcement Learning setup that various off-the-shelf algorithms can tackle. Any learned policy can be straightforwardly applied to a robotic platform without an elaborate simulation model of the robot’s dynamics to apply a different learning/adaptation phase. One of its core features is the controllable multi-dimensional procedural generation of terrains, which is the key for producing policies with strong generalization capabilities. Four different state-of-the-art RL algorithms (A3C, PPO, Rainbow, and SAC) are trained on the MarsExplorer environment, and a proper evaluation of their results compared to the average human-level performance is reported. In the follow-up experimental analysis, the effect of the multi-dimensional difficulty setting on the learning capabilities of the best-performing algorithm (PPO) is analyzed. A milestone result is the generation of an exploration policy that follows the Hilbert curve without providing this information to the environment or rewarding directly or indirectly Hilbert-curve-like trajectories. The experimental analysis is concluded by evaluating PPO learned policy algorithm side-by-side with frontier-based exploration strategies. A study on the performance curves revealed that PPO-based policy was capable of performing adaptive-to-the-unknown-terrain sweeping without leaving expensive-to-revisit areas uncovered, underlying the capability of RL-based methodologies to tackle exploration tasks efficiently.

The use of Freytag’s Pyramid Structure to Adapt “Positive Body Image” Book into a Motion Graphic Structure

Narrative structure is the framework of the story as the basis for presenting the narrative to the audience. Narrative structure is generally applied to something that is fictional to determine the direction of the plot of a story, such as story books, novels, films, and animations. This paper will discuss the adaptation of a scientific book by Justin Healey on the problem of body image which will be adapted into motion graphic media using the Freytag Pyramid narrative structure method. The adaptation of scientific books with a narrative structure is carried out with the aim of helping the process of grouping information that will be used into a designed motion graphic video, as well as to help in making motion graphic structures by writing the script. The methodology used in this paper is research by conducting a literature study from existing sources and references from books or journals, before entering the stage of analysing scientific books. The adaptation phase begins by analysing a scientific book entitled Positive Body Image using the Freytag's Pyramid narrative structure method. It is not only used to analyse and classify information but is also used as a reference in writing scripts based on the narrative structure of the Freytag Pyramid, which can determine the structure of the designed motion graphic. From the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that the narrative structure method can also be used to analyse scientific and nonfiction books, as well as being applied in designing motion graphics.

In a Football Bubble and Beyond

The objectives of this study were: (1) to explore cultural transition pathways of Swedish professional football players relocated to another European country, (2) to identify shared themes in their transition narratives. We interviewed three professional players who in their early twenties relocated to Italy, Turkey, and Switzerland, and then analyzed their stories using holistic and categorical analyses following the narrative oriented inquiry (NOI) model (Hiles & Čermák, 2008). The holistic analysis resulted in creating three core narratives (i.e., re-telling of the participants’ stories) entitled: Preparing for the worst-case scenario and saved by dedication to football; Showing interest for the host culture and carrying responsibility as a foreign player; and A step for personal development: from homesickness to being hungry for more. The categorical analysis resulted in 12 shared themes from the players’ stories arranged around three phases of the cultural transition model (Ryba et al., 2016). In the pre-transition all the participants were established players searching for new professional opportunities. In the acute cultural adaptation phase, they all prioritized adjustment in football (e.g., fitting in the team, performing). In the socio-cultural adaptation phase, they broaden their perspectives and realized that finding a meaningful life outside of football was just as important to function and feel satisfied as football success.

Predicting with Confidence: A Case-Based Reasoning Framework for Predicting Survival in Breast Cancer

There is usually a trade-off between predictive performance and transparency, where the reasoning process behind an algorithm is shielded behind a ”black-box.” In medical domains, experts being responsible for their decisions need to understand the reasons behind machine-generated recommendations. This paper presents a transparent case-based survival analysis framework that automatically retrieves an optimal number of solved survival cases and adapts them to predict the survival of a new case. With this methodology, retrieved and adapted survival cases lend an insight into which cases a prediction is based on. Our framework is capable of integrating DNA methylation, gene expression, and their combination in breast cancer. Additionally, we test our approach with and without feature selection and demonstrate the usefulness of the adaptation phase. We demonstrate that our framework performs at least as effectively as other state-of-the-art methods while affording greater explainability.

COOPERATIVE COMMUNITY OF NETWORK LEARNING

The cooperative community of network application corresponds to practices that increase or compromise and involve two students; therefore, we developed, with this study, a methodology for the creation of working groups from two reports of representatives of the investigated groups. In this sense, the methodological procedures adopted were: descriptive and exploratory research, case study, experience report, documentary, and bibliographic research, with the nature of two qualitative data, derived from the survey with the representatives of the classes of the Technical course in Administration, integrated modality year High School, from Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano – IF Baiano, Teixeira de Freitas – Bahia campus, federal public institution, about or development of non-classroom pedagogical activities. From the results obtained, it is accepted that these activities are divided into synchronous and asynchronous rooms, and that is still in the adaptation phase; also through the experience report suggested to improve communication, the increase in feedback from teachers to students of activities and from students to management on the development of APNPs and difficulties encountered, to promote their effective improvement.