scholarly journals Clustering of cardiovascular behavioral risk factors and blood pressure among people diagnosed with hypertension: a nationally representative survey in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichong Li ◽  
Xiaoqi Feng ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Maigeng Zhou ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative

Index Admission Characteristics and All-Cause Readmissions Analysis in Younger and Older Adults with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
Brian Dongha Kim ◽  
Christeena Kurian ◽  
Laura K. Stein ◽  
Stanley Tuhrim ◽  
Mandip S. Dhamoon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) comprises 15–20% of all strokes with debilitating consequences. Data regarding characteristics and outcomes of primary ICH in the young are lacking, given its rarity, making comparisons between younger and older cohorts difficult to perform. Nationally representative administrative databases enable analysis of such rare events. Objective: To determine the baseline characteristics, all-cause readmission rates, and reasons for primary ICH in younger and older adults using a nationally representative database. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using the Nationwide Readmissions Database 2013. Validated ICD-9-CM codes identified index ICH admissions, comorbidities, demographics, behavioral risk factors, procedures, and Elixhauser and Charlson Comorbidity indices. We compared “younger” (age ≤ 45 years) and “older” (age > 45) index ICH admissions by weighted 30-day all-cause readmission rates, primary diagnosis code for 30-day readmissions, most common comorbidities during the index hospitalization, and Kaplan-Meier cumulative risk of readmission up to 1 year. Results: Older admissions had higher comorbidity scores and mortality, but both groups had similar total comorbidities. Younger admissions exhibited longer length of stay with more procedures performed. Vascular anomalies (aneurysm 7.2 vs. 4.6% and arteriovenous malformation 5.9 vs. 0.8%) and behavioral risk factors (smoking 26.5 vs. 23.0%, alcohol abuse 6.7 vs. 4.6%, and substance use 13.5 vs. 2.9%) were more prevalent in younger admissions, while older patients had more cardiovascular comorbidities. All-cause 30-day readmission rates (13.1 vs. 13.0%) and 1-year cumulative risk of readmission (log-rank p value 0.7209) were similar. Readmissions in the younger cohort were primarily for neurological conditions, and those in the older cohort were for systemic conditions. Conclusions: Adults <45 years with ICH had similar total comorbidities as older adults but more procedures, longer hospital stay, and more behavioral risk factors. Readmission rates were similar though reasons differed; younger patients were more for neurological reasons than for other systemic causes.

scholarly journals The Association between Changes in Behavioral Risk Factors for Stroke and Changes in Blood Pressure

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2116-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis B. Morgenstern ◽  
Brisa N. Sánchez ◽  
Kathleen M. Conley ◽  
Melany C. Morgenstern ◽  
Emma Sais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk

scholarly journals Cardiovascular pathology: level of creation and risk factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
D.P. Tsygankova ◽  
◽  
E.D. Bazdyrev ◽  
A.S. Agienko ◽  
E.V. Indukaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Increased Risk

The aim of the research is to assess the prevalence of traditional and behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among urban and rural residents of large industrial Siberian region, depending on education level. Material and methods. The study included 1600 people, aged 35-70, who are permanent residents of Kemerovo City and Kemerovo region. Considering the living conditions, two groups were formed. The first group included 1109 (69.3%) respondents living in the city and 491 (30.7%) respondents from countryside. The study analyzed such traditional and behavioral risk factors for CVD as body mass index (BMI), glucose levels, lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol of high and low density (LCLD), triglycerides), blood pressure, tobacco and alcohol consumption, etc. According to education level, the respondents were subdivided into the following categories: people with school education (primary education, secondary education), people with secondary specialized education (vocational school, technical schools, colleges) and people with higher education (higher educational institution). Results. Average BMI values (30.3 (26.1; 34.6) versus 28.4 (24.9; 32.3)) kg / m2, p<0.001), systolic (135 (121.5; 151.0 ) versus 131.5 (119.0; 147.0)) mm Hg, p = 0.005) and diastolic blood pressure (89 (80.5; 97.5) versus 86.5 (78.0; 95, 0)) mm Hg, p<0.001), LCLD (3.7 (2.9; 4.4) versus 3.5 (2.8; 4.2)) mmol / L, p = 0.008) were statistically significantly higher among people living in rural areas than among urban citizens. Higher education was associated with BMI decrease by 1.2 kg / m2 (p = 0.002), systolic blood pressure by 3.2 mm Hg (p = 0.002), and diastolic blood pressure by 2.1 mm Hg (p = 0.001). Moreover, people with such education were characterized by a decreased risk not only of obesity (OR = 0.6, 95% CI [0.5-0.8], p <0.001), but also of arterial hypertension (OR = 0.7 , 95% CI [0.5-1.0], p <0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.72, CI [0.53-0.98], p = 0.037), as well as by an increased risk of developing high level of LDL (OR = 1.36, CI [1.02-1.82], p = 0.038). When conducting a logistic regression analysis, after leveling the influence of gender and age, it was found that smoking was associated with lack of higher education (OR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.48-0.79, p <0.001). Conclusion. Regardless of place of residence, maximum prevalence of obesity, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus was observed among people with secondary vocational education, while alcohol consumption was observed among people with higher education. Higher education was associated with a reduced risk of obesity, arterial hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, smoking, and an increased risk of developing high levels of low-density lipoprotein

scholarly journals Prevalence of Risk factors for non-communicable chronic disease in northwest China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihua Wang ◽  
Lin Qiu ◽  
Rina Sa ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk

Abstract Background Behavioral risk factors (BRFs) and biological risk factors contribute majorly to the development of non-communicable chronic diseases. We aimed to explore the covariation, cluster and distribution of risk behaviors in northwest China. Material/Methods Multistage clustering sampling was adopted to select participants for the survey. We obtained the data and investigate the prevalence and clustering pattern (mean number of risk factors) of eight risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases, including four behavioral risk factors (smoking, drinking, consumption of fruit and vegetables, physical activity) and four biological risk factors (overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure, raised fasting blood glucose and raised total serum cholesterol). Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to investigate the independent demographic and socioeconomic covariates of clustering of the eight risk factors.Results The prevalence of eight risk factors in northwest China were found: insufficient fruit and vegetable intake,59.82%; overweight and obesity, 46.82%; raised blood pressure, 30.88%; Current smoking, 28.21%; physical inactivity, 24.63%; raised total serum cholesterol, 20.96%; raised blood glucose, 4.27% and harmful use of alcohol, 2.16%. 64.73% of the Chinese in northwest China had two or more risk factors. Being a male, old, living in rural areas, having a lower education level and being separated, divorced or widowed all tends to have more BRFs. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases among residents in northwest China. Public health interventions are needed to reduce these risk factors and ought to target those who are male, old, poorly educated and live in rural areas.

scholarly journals SPECIFICS OF NEUROHUMORAL ACTIVITY AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF MASKED ARTERIAL  HYPERTENSION IN YOUNG MALES

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Lyamina ◽  
A. V. Kosareva ◽  
O. E. Tsareva ◽  
V. N. Senchikhin ◽  
T. P. Lipchanskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Screening Study

Aim. To assess the neurohumoral state, specifics of clinical presentation, prevalence and prominence of cardiovascular and behavioral risk factors in males of young age with masked arterial hypertension (MAH).Material and methods. To the full coverage screening study, 643 participants included, age 18-30 y. o. (mean age 22). Complete clinical and laboratory, instrumental assessments performed, with analysis of neurohumoral activity by the levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, angiotensin II. All participants were selected to groups: MAH (n=61), manifest AH (n=46), normotonics (n=536). Diagnostics of MAH was done in case of positive test of 30 second respiration pause and 24 hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring.Results. In males, MAH was found in 9,5% cases, manifest AH in 7,1%, normotonia in 83,4%. In MAH and manifest AH participants the level of adrenaline was higher than in normotonics: 4,55 pM/L [3,53; 5,1], 6,25 pM/L [4,75; 8,65] and 2,1 pM/L [1,2; 4,5], respectively. Males with MAH had almost 2 times higher level of noradrenaline (19,5 pM/L [18,8; 22,8]) comparing to “normotonics” (8 pM/L [6; 12,1]) and 1,5 times higher than in manifest AH (13,1 pM/L [11,5; 14,4]). Angiotensin II assessment showed that in MAH males it was higher (18,5 pM [15,75; 21,9]), than in normotonics (15,7 pM [13;18,3]), but lower than in manifest AH (20,15 pM [18,9; 21,9]). Food related behavior assessment as of a factor of sodium overconsumption, the higher values were found in MAH patients and in manifest AH (50% and 50%) comparing to normotonics (25%). Early age of smoking beginning found in 28% of MAH males, more prevalent than in normotonics (24%) and manifest AH (15%).Conclusion. In young males MAH is revealed more often than manifest AH. Development of MAH in young males is related to hypersympathicity with raised catecholamines level, disordered 24 hour rhythm “non-dipper”, disorder of BP variability and higher smoking level, than in normotonics.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Risk factors for non-communicable chronic disease in Shaanxi province of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihua Wang(Former Corresponding Author) ◽  
Lin Qiu ◽  
Rina Sa ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Feng Liu(New Corresponding Author) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk

Abstract Background Risk factors including both behavioral risk factors (BRFs) and biological risk factors contribute majorly to the development of non-communicable chronic diseases. We aimed to explore the covariation, cluster and distribution of risk behaviors in Shaanxi province of China. Methods Multistage clustering sampling was adopted to select participants for the survey. We obtained the data and investigate the prevalence and clustering pattern (mean number of risk factors) of eight risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases, including four behavioral risk factors (smoking, drinking, consumption of fruit and vegetables, physical activity) and four biological risk factors (overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure, raised fasting blood glucose and raised total serum cholesterol). Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to investigate the independent demographic and socioeconomic covariates of clustering of the eight risk factors. Results The prevalence of eight risk factors in Shaanxi province were found: insufficient fruit and vegetable intake,59.82%; overweight and obesity, 46.82%; raised blood pressure, 30.88%; current smoking, 28.21%; physical inactivity, 24.63%; raised total serum cholesterol, 20.96%; raised blood glucose, 4.27% and harmful use of alcohol, 2.16%. 64.73% of the Chinese in Shaanxi province had two or more risk factors. Being a male, old, living in rural areas, having a lower education level and being separated, divorced or widowed all tends to have more risk factors. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases among residents in Shaanxi province of China. Public health interventions are needed to reduce these risk factors and ought to target those who are male, old, poorly educated and live in rural areas.

scholarly journals Prehypertension and cardiometabolic risk factors (data of the ESSE-RF study)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Erina ◽  
O. P. Rotar ◽  
A. V. Orlov ◽  
V. N. Solntsev ◽  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure

Theobjectiveof our work was to assess the prevalence of prehypertension (PHT) and the relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in the population sample of the inhabitants of the Russian Federation.Design and methods.The ESSE-RF study was carried out in 12 regions of the Russian Federation (Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Vladivostok, Ivanovo, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk, Orenburg, Tomsk, Tyumen, St Petersburg, and North Ossetia (Alania)) with different climatic, geographic, economic and demographic characteristics. A stratified random sample was formed in each region. In total, 20652 inhabitants of the Russian Federation aged 25–65 years were examined. All participants signed informed consent and completed approved questionnaires regarding behavioral risk factors, socioeconomic status and concomitant diseases/therapy. Anthropometry, fasting blood sampling, measurement of blood pressure (BP) were performed. BP was measured by the OMRON device (Japan) twice on the right arm in the sitting position with calculation of the mean BP. The optimal blood pressure corresponds to the BP level < 120/80 mm Hg. The normal BP is 120–129/80–84 mm Hg. High normal BP is 130–139/85–89 mm Hg. PHT is diagnosed in case of BP 120–139/80–89 mm Hg. Hypertension is diagnosed case of BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg or antihypertensive therapy. PHT includes groups of normal and high normal blood pressure. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS Statistics 20.Results.Data of 20607 participants were analyzed, among them 7806 men (37,9  %) and 12801 women (62,1  %). The optimal BP was registered in 3848 (23,4  %), normal BP in 3551 (20,1  %), high normal BP in 2861 (14,9  %), PHT — in 6412 (35,0  %), hypertension — in 10347 (41,6  %). The prevalence is standardized according to the age structure of the World Health Organization (2000). Among men, compared with women, PHT was significantly more frequent (41,2  % and 30,1  %, respectively). The probability of PHT, adjusted for sex, age and obesity is associated with hypercholesterolemia > 4,9 mmol / l (OR 1,27 [1,15, 1,39]), increased HDL > 3,0 mmol / l (1,25 [1,14, 1,37]), triglycerides > 1,7 mmol / l (OR 1,39 [1,23, 1,58]), hyperglycemia ≥ 5,6 mmol / l (OR 1,46 [1,28, 1,67], p < 0,05). The presence of higher education reduced the likelihood of PHT, behavioral risk factors were not significant predictors.Conclusions.The results demonstrate the high prevalence of PHT and the association of metabolic abnormalities with the transformation of optimal blood pressure in PHT, which emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis of PHT and correction of cardiometabolic risk factors in the Russian population. 

scholarly journals Psychological and Behavioral Predictors of Vaccine Efficacy: Considerations for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 174569162198924
Author(s):  
Annelise A. Madison ◽  
M. Rosie Shrout ◽  
Megan E. Renna ◽  
Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
The Impact

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine candidates are being evaluated, with the goal of conferring immunity on the highest percentage of people who receive the vaccine as possible. It is noteworthy that vaccine efficacy depends not only on the vaccine but also on characteristics of the vaccinated. Over the past 30 years, a series of studies has documented the impact of psychological factors on the immune system’s vaccine response. Robust evidence has demonstrated that stress, depression, loneliness, and poor health behaviors can impair the immune system’s response to vaccines, and this effect may be greatest in vulnerable groups such as the elderly. Psychological factors are also implicated in the prevalence and severity of vaccine-related side effects. These findings have generalized across many vaccine types and therefore may be relevant to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. In this review, we discuss these psychological and behavioral risk factors for poor vaccine responses, their relevance to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as targeted psychological and behavioral interventions to boost vaccine efficacy and reduce side effects. Recent data suggest these psychological and behavioral risk factors are highly prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic, but intervention research suggests that psychological and behavioral interventions can increase vaccine efficacy.

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