Bioremediation of polluted soil through the combined application of plants, earthworms and organic matter

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Macci ◽  
Serena Doni ◽  
Eleonora Peruzzi ◽  
Brunello Ceccanti ◽  
Grazia Masciandaro
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Combined Application

scholarly journals Effect of Digestate and Straw Combined Application on Maintaining Rice Production and Paddy Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5714
Author(s):  
Xue Hu ◽  
Hongyi Liu ◽  
Chengyu Xu ◽  
Xiaomin Huang ◽  
Min Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Combined Application

Few studies have focused on the combined application of digestate and straw and its feasibility in rice production. Therefore, we conducted a two-year field experiment, including six treatments: without nutrients and straw (Control), digestate (D), digestate + fertilizer (DF), digestate + straw (DS), digestate + fertilizer + straw (DFS) and conventional fertilizer + straw (CS), to clarify the responses of rice growth and paddy soil nutrients to different straw and fertilizer combinations. Our results showed that digestate and straw combined application (i.e., treatment DFS) increased rice yield by 2.71 t ha−1 compared with the Control, and digestate combined with straw addition could distribute more nitrogen (N) to rice grains. Our results also showed that the straw decomposition rate at 0 cm depth under DS was 5% to 102% higher than that under CS. Activities of catalase, urease, sucrase and phosphatase at maturity under DS were all higher than that under both Control and CS. In addition, soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) under DS and DFS were 20~26% and 11~12% higher than that under B and DF respectively, suggesting straw addition could benefit paddy soil quality. Moreover, coupling straw and digestate would contribute to decrease the N content in soil surface water. Overall, our results demonstrated that digestate and straw combined application could maintain rice production and have potential positive paddy environmental effects.

scholarly journals Fertility Impact of Separate and Combined Treatments with Biochar, Sewage Sludge Compost and Bacterial Inocula on Acidic Sandy Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolett Uzinger ◽  
Tünde Takács ◽  
Tibor Szili-Kovács ◽  
László Radimszky ◽  
Anna Füzy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Root Colonisation ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Sewage Sludge Compost ◽  
Combined Application

The short-term effects of processed waste materials: sewage sludge compost (up to 0.5%), biochar made of paper sludge and grain husk (BC) (up to 2%) combined with plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) inoculum, on the fertility of acidic sandy soil at 65% of field capacity were tested in a pot experiment in separate and combined treatments. The soil pH, organic matter content, total and plant-available nutrients, substrate-induced respiration, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) root colonisation parameters and maize (Zea mays L.) biomass were investigated in experiments lasting two months. The positive priming (21% organic matter loss) induced by BC alone was not observed after combined application. The combination of compost and PGPR with 1.5% BC resulted in 35% higher P and K availability due to greater microbial activity compared to BC alone. Only compost applied alone at 0.5% gave a 2.7 times increase in maize biomass. The highest microbial activity and lowest AMF colonisation were found in combined treatments. In the short term the combined application of BC, compost and PGPR did not result in higher fertility on the investigated soil. Further research is needed with a wider range of combined treatments on acidic sandy soil for better understanding of the process.

Combined Application of Organic Matter and Fertilizer

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanglong Tian ◽  
Fusako Ishida ◽  
Dyno Keatinge ◽  
Bernard Vanlauwe ◽  
John Wendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Combined Application

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment of Hydrolytic Potentials of Fungal Isolates from Crude Oil Impacted Soil Ecosystem in Varied Media Formulations

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
J. M. Madu ◽  
A. I. Ogbonna ◽  
C. I. C. Ogbonna
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Ecosystem ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Water Holding

Background of the Study: A quantitative assessment of different enzymes that produce the best of hydrolyses of starch, skim milk, carboxymathlcellulose (CMC) and groundnut oil which were further assessed for the production of extracellular enzyme.  Aim: The study aimed at assessing some of the fungal isolates for their abilities to produce the following hydrolytic enzymes; amylase, protease, cellulase and lipase using different medium. Material and Methods:  About 19 fungal species associated with crude oil impacted soil ecosystem. Soil parameters taken were pH, organic matter, water holding capacity and moisture content. Analysis of variance were used to test the effects at statistical significance of P ≤ 0. 05 among the treatments and tukey post hoc tests were used to rank the means. Results: A. fumigatus, A. niger, A.terreus and Basipetospora has the highest frequency of occurrence. A. fumigatus 2 has the highest amylase activity (80mm) while A. clavatus recorded the least (10mm) amylotic activity. A. fumigatus 2 recorded the highest hydrolytic zone of 66.67 mm, followed by A. fumigatus 3 (65 mm) and Curvularialunata which recorded 60mm, respectively. It was revealed that pH of polluted soil sample from the three plots were more acidic than the control (non-polluted soil) 4.81 and 5.72 for plot 1, 5.58 and 6.08 for plot 2 and 5.15 and 6.57 for plot 3 respectively. The water holding capacity, organic matter and moisture content in the polluted soil ranged from 15.02-17.27%, 7.34-8.99 mgkg-1 and 1.23-4.60%, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that aspergillus species exhibited maximum hydrolytic potentials of the fungal isolates using different media formulations and these results could provide basic data for further investigations on molecular characterization of fungal extracellular enzymes.

scholarly journals Физико-химический и механический состав почвы виноградников, обогащенной энергетическим биоматериалом

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Tatyana Vorobyova ◽  
Valeriy Petrov ◽  
Aleksey Belkov ◽  
Anton Prah ◽  
Vladimir Volynkin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Green Waste ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Physico Chemical

Растительные отходы сельскохозяйственного производства в основном утилизируются в качестве кормов в животноводстве и реже используются в виде удобрения на многолетних насаждениях. Из растительных сельскохозяйственных отходов в качестве органического удобрения могут быть использованы вторичные отходы винодельческого производства, виноградные выжимки. Обоснование возможности применения такого вида биоудобрения в конкретных условиях с учетом показателей, характеризующих биоматериал и состав почвы, послужило целью выполненной работы. Биогенность деградируемой почвы ампелоценозов увеличивается легко гидролизируемыми виноградными выжимами, по своему биохимическому составу являющимися зональным экологическим индукторам физико-химического и механического состава почвы. Партии используемого биоматериала, вносимого в почву опытных участков в период проводимых исследований, по своим биохимическим показателям (азот, фосфор, калий, органическое вещество, рН) не имели существенных различий. Показатели содержания подвижных форм фосфора и калия в почве используют для оценки фосфатного и калийного режимов разных почв. При их недостаточности в почве рациональна замена агрохимикатов, относящимся к средствам химизации сельского хозяйства (фосфор-калийные удобрения), биоудобрением из отходов виноградовинодельческого производства, содержащим эти макроэлементы. Определено, что повышение биогенности и физико-химического состава почвы возможно обогащением ее отходами виноделия, содержащими питательные вещества для корнеобитаемого слоя почвы (азот 6,3%; фосфор 0,44%; калий 1,59%), органическое вещество до 82% и рН не вызывающий изменений кислотного баланса почвы. Установлено, что после одного цикла (весна-осень-весна 2017-2018 гг.) внесения биоудобрения в комплексе с эффективными микроорганизмами (препарат Байкал ЭМ-1) почва характеризовалась увеличением органического вещества на 0,3%, подвижных форм фосфора - на 11,0 мг/кг, общего азота - на 0,07%, макроэлементов кальция, натрия, магния, калия - от 2,0 до 7,0 мг/кг, уменьшением гранулометрического состава почвы (фракция < 0,01 мм) - на 0,7%, снижением концентрации тяжелых металлов (кобальт, мышьяк, медь, цинк - по ГОСТ) - от 0,1 до 6,0 мг/кг. Использование виноградных выжимок в комплексе с эффективными микроорганизмами в качестве энергетического биоматериала удовлетворяет современным требованиям эколого-экономической и эффективной утилизации растительных отходов сельского хозяйства в области виноградовинодельческого производства.Vegetation residue from agricultural production is mainly used as feed in livestock rearing, and is less frequently used as fertilizer on perennial plantings. From agricultural green waste, secondary waste from wine production and grape pomace can also be used as organic fertilizers. We conducted feasibility studies on the use of such bio-fertilizers under specific conditions, taking into account soil composition and biomaterial parameters. Biogenesity of the degrading soils of ampelocenoses can be improved by easily hydrolyzed grape marc, the biochemical composition of which serves as zonal ecological inducer of soil physico-chemical and mechanical composition. Batches of biomaterial introduced into soil of experimental plots during research had no significant differences in biochemical parameters (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, pH). Active forms of phosphorus and potassium content in the soil is used to estimate the phosphate and potassium statuses of different soils. When their content in the soil is insufficient, it is recommended to replace the agrochemicals (phosphorus-potassium fertilizers) with bio-fertilizers from grape-growing production waste rich in those macronutrients. The study established that soil biogenisity and physico-chemical composition can be improved through its enrichment with winemaking waste containing nutrients for soil root layer (nitrogen 4.3 %; phosphorus 0.49%; potassium 1.49%), up to 82% of organic matter and the pH that does not alter the soil acid balance. It was found that one cycle (spring-autumn - spring 2017-2018) of bio-fertilizer introduction combined with effective microorganisms (Baikal EM-1 preparation), increased organic matter in the soil by 0.3 %, active phosphorus by 11.0 mg/kg, total nitrogen by 0.07%, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium macronutrients from 2.0 up to 7.0 mg/kg, and decreased soil granulometric composition (fraction < 0.01 mm) by 0.7 %; it decreased heavy metal concentration (cobalt, arsenic, copper, zinc - under GOST) from 0.1 to 6.0 mg/kg. Combined application of grape pomace and effective micro-organisms as energy biomaterial meets modern requirements for environmentally sound, effective and efficient disposal of agricultural green waste material in the field of viticulture.

scholarly journals Health Implication of Physicochemical Properties of Sump Oil Polluted and Remediated Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 854-862
Author(s):  
Nwodu J. A ◽  
Nwachukwu N ◽  
Ibegbulem C. O ◽  
Iwueke A. V ◽  
Akumefula M. I ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity

Physicochemical properties of sump oil polluted and remediated soil was studied. Five (5kg) of soil was polluted with different concentrations (00, 50, 150 and 300 ml) of sump oil. The physiochemical properties of these soils were analyzed before pollution and after pollution using standard analytical procedures.The result of physicochemical parameters of the unpolluted, polluted and treated soils showed significant (P≤0.05) increase which are as follows: organic carbon%: (0.97,1.69-2.15, 0.8-1.49 ) organic matter%: (1.68,2.92-3.71, 1.3-2.57 )Total exchangeable acidity (0.5, 1.2-1.4, 0.5-1.1)Total nitrogen contentmol/kg:(0.08, 0.14-0.18, 0.06-0.12),Cataion exchange capacity(3.14, 4.18-5.17, 3.78-5.76) Calcium contentmol/kg:(1.2, 1.6-2.6, 1.4-2.6),Potassiummol/kg:( 0.18,0.18-0.22, 0.17-0.26) show significant (P≤0.05) decrease for PH:( 5.65, 4.11-4.31,5.67- 7.2) and magnesium mol/kg: (5.25,1.86-2.66, 4.26-7.63) The study concluded that sump oil pollution significantly changes the physicochemical properties of the soil and hence impacts it negatively. Treatment with house hold waste remediated the polluted soil and reversed most of the negative impact of the pollution.

Design of Experiments to Optimize Soxhlet-HTP Method to Establish Environmental Diagnostics of Polluted Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
Carlos Mario Morales-Bautista ◽  
Candelario Méndez-Olán ◽  
Sugey López-Martínez ◽  
Marcia E. Ojeda-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Soxhlet Method

One of the great challenges of the environmental diagnoses of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons is the optimization of analytical determinations. For this reason, this chapter evaluates the extraction of hydrocarbons by the Soxhlet method through the design of experiments (DOE), variating three different solvents, three soils, and three extraction times. Soil was experimentally contaminated at different concentrations, and hydrocarbons totals relying on conditions organic matter, electrical conductivity, pH and textures, amount of sample, solvents, and NaSO4, were studied. The variables were evaluated by means of an analysis of the Taguchi design and a factorial design, with the results the significant and optimal parameters of the process were determined, which were solvent type and time (10 hours and dielectric constant of 9). Also, the model discards the soil properties. These results will save time and resources, and they reduce errors.

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