Crystal cell oriented-rotation triggered phase transition of porous upconversion nanocrystals synthesis in hydrothermal system

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (19) ◽  
pp. 3948-3958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiyu Qiu ◽  
Rongjin Sun ◽  
Guo Gao ◽  
Ting Yin ◽  
Yulan Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Hydrothermal System ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Crystal Cell ◽  
System P ◽  
Upconversion Nanocrystals

Porous upconversion nanocrystals for in vitro and in vivo CT imaging have been synthesized by an anion-induced hydrothermal method.

scholarly journals In vivo tumour imaging employing regional delivery of novel gallium radiolabelled polymer composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross W. Stephens ◽  
Gregory D. Tredwell ◽  
Jessica L. Bell ◽  
Karen J. Knox ◽  
Lee A. Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Liver ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Liver Imaging ◽  
Polymer Microspheres ◽  
Tumour Imaging ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Rabbit Lung ◽  
Vitro Binding

Abstract Background Understanding the regional vascular delivery of particles to tumour sites is a prerequisite for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic composites for treatment of oncology patients. We describe a novel imageable 67Ga-radiolabelled polymer composite that is biocompatible in an animal tumour model and can be used for preclinical imaging investigations of the transit of different sized particles through arterial networks of normal and tumour-bearing organs. Results Radiolabelling of polymer microspheres with 67Ga was achieved using a simple mix and wash method, with tannic acid as an immobilising agent. Final in vitro binding yields after autoclaving averaged 94.7%. In vivo stability of the composite was demonstrated in New Zealand white rabbits by intravenous administration, and intrahepatic artery instillations were made in normal and VX2 tumour implanted rabbit livers. Stability of radiolabel was sufficient for rabbit lung and liver imaging over at least 3 hours and 1 hour respectively, with lung retention of radiolabel over 91%, and retention in both normal and VX2 implanted livers of over 95%. SPECT-CT imaging of anaesthetised animals and planar imaging of excised livers showed visible accumulation of radiolabel in tumours. Importantly, microsphere administration and complete liver dispersal was more easily achieved with 8 μm diameter MS than with 30 μm MS, and the smaller microspheres provided more distinct and localised tumour imaging. Conclusion This method of producing 67Ga-radiolabelled polymer microspheres is suitable for SPECT-CT imaging of the regional vascular delivery of microspheres to tumour sites in animal models. Sharper distinction of model tumours from normal liver was obtained with smaller MS, and tumour resolution may be further improved by the use of 68Ga instead of 67Ga, to enable PET imaging.

Usefulness of multidetector CT imaging to assess vascular stents in children with congenital heart disease: An in vivo and in vitro study

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim G. Eichhorn ◽  
Frederick R. Long ◽  
Claudia Jourdan ◽  
Johannes T. Heverhagen ◽  
Sharon L. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Vascular Stents

scholarly journals 1,2-Dichloroethane induced nephrotoxicity through ROS mediated apoptosis in vitro and in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1389-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxue Li ◽  
Liping Chen ◽  
Yiwei Su ◽  
Hua Yin ◽  
Yaqin Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Kidney Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
System P

1,2-Dichloroethane (DCE) decreased kidney cell proliferation, even induced cell apoptosisviaincreasing the generation of ROS in the presence of an extra-metabolic system.

scholarly journals Liquid-to-solid phase transition of oskar RNP granules is essential for their function in the Drosophila germline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mainak Bose ◽  
Julia Mahamid ◽  
Anne Ephrussi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Scaffold Proteins ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Fused In Sarcoma ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Solid Phase Transition ◽  
Rnp Granules

SummaryAsymmetric localization of oskar RNP granules to the oocyte posterior is crucial for abdominal patterning and germline formation of the Drosophila embryo. We show that oskar RNP granules in the oocyte are condensates with solid-like physical properties. Using purified oskar RNA and scaffold proteins Bruno and Hrp48, we confirm in vitro that oskar granules undergo a liquid-to-solid phase transition. Whereas the liquid phase allows RNA incorporation, the solid phase precludes incorporation of additional RNA while allowing RNA-dependent partitioning of specific proteins. Genetic modification of scaffold granule proteins, or tethering the intrinsically disordered region of human Fused in Sarcoma to oskar mRNA, allowed modulation of granule material properties in vivo. The resulting liquid-like properties impaired oskar localization and translation with severe consequences on embryonic development. Our study reflects how physiological phase transitions shape RNA-protein condensates to regulate localization and expression of a maternal RNA that instructs germline formation.

Ginsenoside nanoparticle: a new green drug delivery system

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Dai ◽  
Kefeng Liu ◽  
Chuanling Si ◽  
Luying Wang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Ginsenoside Rb1 ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
System P

Ginsenoside Rb1 is shown to self-assemble with anticancer drugs to form stable nanoparticles, which have greater anticancer effectsin vitroandin vivothan the free drugs.

Development of a thermally responsive peptide for sustained deliver of solyble TNF receptor II to attenuate inflammatory events associated with radiculopathys

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Mohammed F. Shamji ◽  
Odelia Ghodsizadeh ◽  
Allan H. Friedman ◽  
William J. Richardson ◽  
Ashutosh Chilkoti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Tnf Receptor ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Thermally Responsive ◽  
Glutamate Production ◽  
Endotoxin Content

Background: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a cytokine that may mediate inflammatory histopathology of the dorsal root ganglion following lumbar disc herniation.1 Soluble TNF receptor II (sTNFRII) competitively binds TNFa with clinical value for painful radiculopathy.2 Bioactive peptides expressed with elastin-like polypeptides (ELP) fusion partners gain a thermally responsive domain, by which they can undergo hydrophobic collapse and separate from solution to aggregate at physiological temperatures.3 Protein release from such a depot may locally sustain drug presence, an effect demonstrated for non-fusion ELP after intra-articular injection.4 Methods: We expressed sTNFRII fused to ELP to demonstrate potential bidomain functionality. Protein Expression. A gene encoding ELP-(VPGVG)60 was subcloned adjacent to the sTNFRII and transformed into E.coli for expression.5 Protein Safety. Endotoxin content of purified fusion protein was evaluated using a limulus amebocyte lysate endpoint assay and compared to non-fusion ELP using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. Thermal Responsiveness. Dynamic light scattering evaluated the inverse thermal phase transition behaviour of ELP-sTNFRII, and absorbance spectrophotometry quantified the in vitro depot release at 37°C. Fusion Domain Function. Anti-TNFα bioactivity was assessed by the in vitro inhibition of TNFα-induced glutamate production by microglia. Single-factor ANOVA analyzed treatment differences for ELP-sTNFRII, commercial sTNFRII (positive control), and non-fusion ELP (negative control). A 44 kDa recombinant fusion protein was expressed from E. coli and purified by inverse transition cycling. Results: Measured endotoxin content for ELP-sTNFRII was comparable to ELP alone (p < 0.01), well below FDA levels for biomedical implants. The fusion protein underwent a thermally-induced phase transition and formed observable aggregates of ~240 nm upon heating to physiological temperatures (Tt = 32°C). Slow release was observed from this depot with a time constant of 21 ± 3 hours. The fusion protein demonstrated anti-TNFα activity in vitro by attenuating TNFα-induced microglial glutamate production, albeit requiring a greater concentration than the free antagonist to achieve the same effect.(p < 0.01). Conclusion: Fusion of a sTNFRII protein to an ELP can serve to generate a thermally-induced drug depot that may sustain anti-cytokine activity of agents delivered locally to a nerve region. Further directions may involve studying in vivo biodistribution after perineural delivery of ELP and in vivo disease modifying activity of this agent.

Abstract MP207: A Precision Medicine Approach For Non-invasive, Longitudinal, And Quantitative Monitoring Of Cardiac Tissue-engineered Scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gil ◽  
Connor Evans ◽  
Lan Li ◽  
Merlyn Vargas ◽  
Gabriella Kabboul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Functional Features

3D bioprinting has revolutionized personalized and precision medicine by enabling the manufacturing of tissue constructs that precisely recapitulate the cellular and functional features of native tissues. In cardiac regenerative medicine, printed scaffolds have shown tremendous potential in repairing damaged heart, however, their clinical applications have been limited by the lack of precise noninvasive tools to monitor the patch function following implantation. By integrating state-of-the-art 3D bioprinting and photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT), this study introduces a new approach for bioengineering defect-specific scaffolds and monitoring their function. We prepared distinct CT-visible bioinks containing a variety of molecular or nanoparticle (NP) contrast agents, including iodine and gadolinium molecules, Au NPs, Gd 2 O 3 NPs, and iodine-loaded liposomes ( Fig 1A-B ). In vitro release experiments showed relatively rapid diffusion-controlled depletion of molecular contrast agents from scaffolds. In contrast, NP agents showed more stable encapsulation and only a partial, degradation-mediated release for up to 3 weeks of incubation ( Fig 1C-D ). Next, PCCT imaging was performed on various scaffold geometries printed using bioinks laden with Gd 2 O 3 or Au NPs. Results demonstrated CT visibility with differential contrast between different patch regions that corresponded to the designed geometries ( Fig 1E ). Finally, we evaluated the in vivo CT imaging of bioprinted patches after their subcutaneous implantation in a mouse model. CT images demonstrated adequate signal from implanted grafts ( Fig 1F ). Together, these results establish a novel precision medicine platform for non-invasive monitoring of medical devices which can open new prospects for a broad range of tissue engineering applications. Figure 1. 3D Bioprinting of CT-visible cardiac patches. A-B: Design of bioinks functionalized with molecular (left) and nanoparticle (right) CT contrast agents ( A ) and their bioprinting ( B ). C-D: In vitro release of contrast agents from printed patches. E: CAD design (left), CT image (middle), and PCCT material decomposition (right) for multi-contrast bioprinted scaffolds. F: In vivo CT imaging of printed patch, laden with Au NPs, implanted subcutaneously into a mouse torso.

scholarly journals In Vitro Decoated Seed Germination and Seedling Development for Propagation of Wild Mandrake (Mandragora autumnalis Bertol.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Hani Al-Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Zygotic Embryo ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
System P ◽  
Double Number

The establishment of an efficient in vitro propagation system for the conservation of the Mediterranean Mandragora autumnalis is highly desirable due to its scarcity, besides its potential medicinal and pharmacological properties. In a separate unpublished study, this species has proved to be resistant to laboratory plant regeneration from vegetative tissue cultures; therefore, an alternative decoated seed (i.e., endosperm enclosed the zygotic embryo) germination approach was conducted in this study. Pre-cold treatment of M. autumnalis seeds, removal of seed coats, and exogenous application of gibberellic acid (GA3) promoted in vitro seed germination and seedling emergence. In two separate experiments, approximately 10–27% of the germinated decoated seeds developed healthy seedlings within two weeks, compared to the non-germinated intact seeds of the potting soil controls. After 72 days, the highest rates of healthy seedlings development (67.4 and 69.4%) achieved in the in vitro decoated seed cultures supplemented with 60 and 100 mg/L GA3, respectively, compared to only 25% seedlings emergence rate of the in vitro cultures devoid of GA3, and 44.2% of the soil controls. The in vitro developed plants were healthy, survived transplantation conditions, and, significantly, grew faster, formed on average more than the double number of true leaves and shoot fresh weight (p ≤ 0.05), 90% more fresh weight of root system (p ≤ 0.05), and ultimately more than the double gross fresh weight (p ≤ 0.05) than that of the in vivo developed plants of the soil controls. Such in vitro seed germination approaches would be favorable due to the higher capacity of uniform seedling establishment year-round under lab-controlled conditions, facilitating proliferation and conservation of rare and threatened species, and providing fresh and axenic plant materials required for downstream studies such as those associated with leaf-derived protoplasts and genetic transformations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document