Facile construction of mechanically tough collagen fibers reinforced by chitin nanofibers as cell alignment templates

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Huang ◽  
Yixiang Wang ◽  
Lingyun Chen ◽  
Lina Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Reinforcing Filler ◽  
Chitin Nanofibers

Reconstituted collagen fibers with excellent mechanical performance were successfully fabricated with sodium alginate as coagulate and chitin nanofibers as reinforcing filler and applied as a fibroblast alignment templated scaffold.

Study on the Calamine/Sodium Alginate Modified Viscose Fiber

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Dong Qi Liu ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Shu Fa Han ◽  
Yu Feng Zhang ◽  
Cui Yu Yin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Viscose Fiber ◽  
Alginate Solution ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Injection Methods ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this article we successfully prepared calamine / sodium alginate viscose fiber. Good dispersion and stability of the modified solution was prepared by dispersing calamine in alkaline solution of sodium alginate, and then mixed it with viscose spinning solution by spinning injection methods. Moreover, the stability of calamine / sodium alginate solution, the effect of concentration of calamine on the fiber properties is studied in this paper. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and physical mechanical performance are test to characterize the structure and the performance of the calamine / sodium alginate viscose fiber.

scholarly journals Chitin Fiber from Mushroom as Reinforcement for Biobased Polymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 1192 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
M I M Zin ◽  
N S Shamsudin ◽  
F Ali ◽  
W M F W Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Optimum Result ◽  
Dog Bone ◽  
Hot Compress ◽  
Chitin Nanofibers

Abstract This project aimed to study the reinforcement effect of fungal chitin at different loading on chitin/PLA composite. The chitin nanofibers were extracted from three mushroom species (oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, shiitake mushroom Lentinula edodes, enoki mushroom Flammulina velutipes) and used as a reinforcement element in PLA. The chitin/PLA composite was fabricated using a solvent-casting method followed by the hot-compress molding method. In the solvent-casting method, the chitin nanofibers were dispersed in PLA/chloroform mixture and the mixture was left for solvent evaporation. The solvent-free chitin/PLA thin film was then filled in dog bone mold before proceeded with hot-compress molding at 190°C and 70 bar. The samples with different chitin loading were tested with tensile test to study the mechanical performance of nanocomposite. The chitin/PLA composite from oyster mushroom shows the optimum result (σ= 43 MPa, E= 12 MPa) at 5% chitin loading. The increment of the chitin loading leads to a decrease in both strength and strain. However, for the samples from enoki and shitake mushrooms, the optimum chitin loading is 10% with 55 MPa and 56 MPa tensile strength, respectively. This study suggests the potential of fungal chitin as reinforcement in PLA.

scholarly journals Newly Developed Polyglycolic Acid Reinforcement Unified with Sodium Alginate to Prevent Adhesion

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Morita ◽  
Toshitaka Takagi ◽  
Rie Abe ◽  
Hiroyuki Tsujimoto ◽  
Yuki Ozamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Postoperative Adhesion ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step ◽  
Excessive Proliferation

Polyglycolic acid (PGA) mesh fabric is widely used for reinforcing injured tissues during surgeries. However, PGA induces chronic inflammation and adhesion. The purpose of this study is to develop PGA reinforcement “without PGA-induced adhesion.” We developed a reinforcement fabric unified with PGA mesh and alginate foam. The antiadhesive effects of sodium alginate foam and calcium alginate foam were evaluated in rats. Sodium alginate foam unified with PGA mesh fabric exhibited strong effects that limit the extent and severity of adhesion, whereas calcium alginate foam unified with PGA mesh was less effective in preventing adhesion. In the sodium alginate group, fibroblasts and collagen fibers around implanted sites were sparse and the material degraded rapidly by macrophage ingestion. Fibroblasts and collagen fibers play a major role in adhesion formation and their excessive proliferation results in postoperative adhesion. Thus, inhibiting their increase is the key in preventing PGA-induced adhesion. The reinforcement that is composed of PGA mesh unified with sodium alginate foam strongly inhibited PGA-induced adhesion and showed excellent handling during surgery and could be easily applied with a one-step procedure.

Cell alignment guided by nano/micro oriented collagen fibers and the synergistic vascularization for nervous cell functional expression

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wei ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
You Yang ◽  
Chengheng Wu ◽  
Suping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Expression ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Cell Alignment

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Polyacrylamide/Sodium Alginate Hydrogel and the Effect of Fe Adsorption on Its Mechanical Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1447-1462
Author(s):  
Zheng Cao ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Keming Luo ◽  
Yinqiu Wu ◽  
Hongxin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Alginate Hydrogel

scholarly journals Native Extracellular Matrix Orientation Determines Multipotent Vascular Stem Cell Proliferation in Response to Cyclic Uniaxial Tensile Strain and Simulated Stent Indentation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattie S Mathieu ◽  
Emma Fitzpatrick ◽  
Mariana Di Luca ◽  
Paul A Cahill ◽  
Caitriona Lally
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
Stent Strut ◽  
Primary Direction ◽  
Vascular Stem Cells

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with multipotent vascular stem cells (MVSC) implicated in contributing to diseased vessels. MVSC are mechanosensitive cells which align perpendicular to cyclic uniaxial tensile strain. Within the blood vessel wall, collagen fibers constrain cells so that they are forced to align circumferentially, in the primary direction of tensile strain. In these experiments, MVSC were seeded onto the medial layer of decellularized porcine carotid arteries, then exposed to 10%, 1 Hz cyclic tensile strain for 10 days with the collagen fiber direction either parallel or perpendicular to the direction of strain. Cells aligned with the direction of the collagen fibers regardless of the orientation to strain. Cells aligned with the direction of strain showed an increased number of proliferative Ki67 positive cells, while those strained perpendicular to the direction of cell alignment showed no change in cell proliferation. A bioreactor system was designed to simulate the indentation of a single, wire stent strut. After 10 days of cyclic loading to 10% strain, MVSC showed regions of densely packed, highly proliferative cells. Therefore, MVSC may play a significant role in in-stent restenosis, and this proliferative response could potentially be controlled by controlling MVSC orientation relative to applied strain.

Methionine-Specific Staining of Collagen

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 294-295
Author(s):  
E.M. Kuhn ◽  
K.D. Marenus ◽  
M. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Fibers composed of different types of collagen cannot be differentiated by conventional electron microscopic stains. We are developing staining procedures aimed at identifying collagen fibers of different types.Pt(Gly-L-Met)Cl binds specifically to sulfur-containing amino acids. Different collagens have methionine (met) residues at somewhat different positions. A good correspondence has been reported between known met positions and Pt(GLM) bands in rat Type I SLS (collagen aggregates in which molecules lie adjacent to each other in exact register). We have confirmed this relationship in Type III collagen SLS (Fig. 1).

Selective Staining of Acid Mucopolysaccharides By Ruthenium Red

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
J. H. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Pectic Substances ◽  
Solid Tissues

Ruthenium red is one of the few completely inorganic dyes used to stain tissues for light microscopy. This novelty is enhanced by ignorance regarding its staining mechanism. However, its continued usefulness in botany for demonstrating pectic substances attests to selectivity of some sort. Whether understood or not, histochemists continue to be grateful for small favors.Ruthenium red can also be used with the electron microscope. If single cells are exposed to ruthenium red solution, sufficient mass can be bound to produce observable density in the electron microscope. Generally, this effect is not useful with solid tissues because the contrast is wasted on the damaged cells at the block surface, with little dye diffusing more than 25-50 μ into the interior. Although these traces of ruthenium red which penetrate between and around cells are visible in the light microscope, they produce negligible contrast in the electron microscope. However, its presence can be amplified by a reaction with osmium tetroxide, probably catalytically, to be easily visible by EM. Now the density is clearly seen to be extracellular and closely associated with collagen fibers (Fig. 1).

Biological and biomedical applications of collagenous biomaterials

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 856-857
Author(s):  
Yasushi P. Kato ◽  
Michael G. Dunn ◽  
Frederick H. Silver ◽  
Arthur J. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Cover Slip ◽  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Defect Repair

Collagenous biomaterials have been used for growing cells in vitro as well as for augmentation and replacement of hard and soft tissues. The substratum used for culturing cells is implicated in the modulation of phenotypic cellular expression, cellular orientation and adhesion. Collagen may have a strong influence on these cellular parameters when used as a substrate in vitro. Clinically, collagen has many applications to wound healing including, skin and bone substitution, tendon, ligament, and nerve replacement. In this report we demonstrate two uses of collagen. First as a fiber to support fibroblast growth in vitro, and second as a demineralized bone/collagen sponge for radial bone defect repair in vivo.For the in vitro study, collagen fibers were prepared as described previously. Primary rat tendon fibroblasts (1° RTF) were isolated and cultured for 5 days on 1 X 15 mm sterile cover slips. Six to seven collagen fibers, were glued parallel to each other onto a circular cover slip (D=18mm) and the 1 X 15mm cover slip populated with 1° RTF was placed at the center perpendicular to the collagen fibers. Fibroblast migration from the 1 x 15mm cover slip onto and along the collagen fibers was measured daily using a phase contrast microscope (Olympus CK-2) with a calibrated eyepiece. Migratory rates for fibroblasts were determined from 36 fibers over 4 days.

Facilitated migration of cells from a transected peripheral nerve over collagen fibers: in vivo observations

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 888-889
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Wasserman ◽  
Azam Rizvi ◽  
George Zazanis ◽  
Frederick H. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Guide Tube ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Silicone Tube ◽  
Thin Sections

In cases of peripheral nerve damage the gap between proximal and distal stumps can be closed by suturing the ends together, using a nerve graft, or by nerve tubulization. Suturing allows regeneration but does not prevent formation of painful neuromas which adhere to adjacent tissues. Autografts are not reported to be as good as tubulization and require a second surgical site with additional risks and complications. Tubulization involves implanting a nerve guide tube that will provide a stable environment for axon proliferation while simultaneously preventing formation of fibrous scar tissue. Supplementing tubes with a collagen gel or collagen plus extracellular matrix factors is reported to increase axon proliferation when compared to controls. But there is no information regarding the use of collagen fibers to guide nerve cell migration through a tube. This communication reports ultrastructural observations on rat sciatic nerve regeneration through a silicone nerve stent containing crosslinked collagen fibers.Collagen fibers were prepared as described previously. The fibers were threaded through a silicone tube to form a central plug. One cm segments of sciatic nerve were excised from Sprague Dawley rats. A control group of rats received a silicone tube implant without collagen while an experimental group received the silicone tube containing a collagen fiber plug. At 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively, the implants were removed and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde buffered by 0.1 M cacodylate containing 1.5 mM CaCl2 and balanced by 0.1 M sucrose. The explants were post-fixed in 1% OSO4, block stained in 1% uranyl acetate, dehydrated and embedded in Epon. Axons were counted on montages prepared at a total magnification of 1700x. Montages were viewed through a dissecting microscope. Thin sections were sampled from the proximal, middle and distal regions of regenerating sciatic plugs.

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