Acetic acid lignins from Chinese quince fruit (Chaenomeles sinensis): effect of pretreatment on their structural features and antioxidant activities

AbstractDue to the ethnopharmacological use of Campsiandra laurifolia (Fabaceae), popularly known as Acapurana, to treat wounds and ulcers, associated with the lack of alternative treatments for intestinal inflammations such as ulcerative colitis (UC), the present work sought to characterize its phytochemical and antioxidant activities, and to evaluate remedial action in experimental colitis with acetic acid. Phytochemical analyzes were performed through qualitative and quantitative colorimetric tests of the main secondary metabolites. In the colitis model, 24 male Wistar rats aged ± 60 days old were used, divided into 4 groups: Control (CO) control + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CO + A50); Colitis (CL); and Colitis + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CL + A50). Measurement of sphincter anal pressure and histological tests of the large intestine, lipoperoxidation (LPO), enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of glutathione (GSH) were performed. For statistical analysis, the oxidative stress (OS) results were expressed as means ± standard error, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. The screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the extract, with high levels of phenolic compounds and tannins, and was related to high antioxidant capacity. In the histological analysis, the CL group presented loss of the crypts, edema and inflammatory infiltrate. The use of C. laurifolia extract restructured the crypts, decreased edema and increased sphincter anal pressure, with a decrease in LPO, SOD, and an increase in GSH. It is suggested that the use of C. laurifolia extract reduces OS due to its antioxidant power conferred by the phenolic compounds present in the extract.

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Fast Screening for Antioxidant Properties of Flavonoids from Pterogyne nitens Using Electrochemical Methods

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.5740/jaoacint.11-137 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 773-777 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leonardo Luiz Okumura ◽

Luis Octávio Regasini Regasini ◽

Daniara Cristina Fernandes ◽

Dulce Helena Siqueira da Silva ◽

Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Low Cost ◽

Supporting Electrolyte ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Reference Electrode ◽

Structural Features ◽

Quantitative Detection ◽

Nonaqueous Media ◽

Electrochemical Detector ◽

Fast Screening

Abstract A fast, low-cost, convenient, and especially sensitive voltammetric screening approach for the study of the antioxidant properties of isoquercitrin and pedalitin from Pterogyne nitens is suggested in this work. These flavonoids were investigated for their redox properties using cyclic voltammetry in nonaqueous media using N,N-dimethylformamide and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluorborate as the supporting electrolyte, a glassy carbon working electrode, Ag|AgCl reference electrode, and Pt bare wire counter electrode. The comparative analysis of the activity of rutin has also been carried out. Moreover, combining HPLC with an electrochemical detector allowed qualitative and quantitative detection of micromolecules (e.g., isoquercitrin and pedalitin) that showed antioxidant activities. These results were then correlated to the inhibition of β-carotene bleaching determined by TLC autographic assay and to structural features of the flavonoids.

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Efficient Synthesis of Novel N-[4-Methyl-3-(4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenyl)thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]benzamide Hybrid Ring System as Potential Antibacterial Agents

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406417666210923103209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Hummera Rafique ◽

Aamer Saeed ◽

Muhammad Naseem ◽

Tauqeer Riaz ◽

Fouzia Perveen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Structural Features ◽

Ring System ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Thiazole Ring ◽

Spectroscopic Techniques ◽

Hybrid Ring

Background: Heterocyclic compounds display versatile biological applications, so the aim of this paper was to prepare biologically important heterocycles with enhanced bacterial resistance and to evaluate for their various structural features that are responsible for their biological properties. Objective: The objective was to synthesize bacterial resistance compounds with enhanced antibacterial properties. Method: Ester moiety containing thiazole ring was converted into its hydrazide derivatives. These heterocyclic derivatives were cyclized into another ring oxadiazole; hence a hybrid ring system of two biologically active rings was prepared. Result: All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and were screened for their antibacterial potential; they possess significant antibacterial activities. Conclusion: New hybrid heterocyclic ring systems were synthesized by cyclization of hydrazide derivatives by adopting two step strategy in good yields. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activities; they showed moderate to significant activities. QSAR and Molecular docking studies were performed to determine the mode of interaction. Experimental and computational data is in accordance with the determined antibacterial activities.

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ChemInform Abstract: AB INITIO STUDIES OF STRUCTURAL FEATURES NOT EASILY AMENABLE TO EXPERIMENT. PART 24. MOLECULAR STRUCTURES AND CONFORMATIONAL ANALYSES OF THE METHYL ESTERS OF FORMIC ACID, ACETIC ACID AND ALANINE

Chemischer Informationsdienst ◽

10.1002/chin.198306059 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

Author(s):

C. VAN ALSENOY ◽

J. N. SCARSDALE ◽

L. SCHAEFER

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Formic Acid ◽

Ab Initio ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Structural Features ◽

Molecular Structures

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Dark Purple Luem Pua rice extract reduces disease severity in rat models of inflammatory bowel disease

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v19i3.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 629-636

Author(s):

Kornsuda Thipart ◽

Kutcharin Phunikhom ◽

Acharaporn Na Lampang Noenplab ◽

Jintana Sattayasai

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Activity Index ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Spleen Weight ◽

Rat Models ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Purpose: To investigate the effects of an aqueous extract of unpolished dark purple glutinous Thai rice, variety Luem pua (LP), in two rat models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Polyphenolic compounds content were determined by HPLC methods and antioxidant activities by DPPH and FRAP assays of the LP extract. The effect of the LP extract at 5 g/kg/day were evaluated in two rat models of IBD that included acetic acid and indomethacin induced IBD. On each day of treatment, changes of body weight, stool consistency and stool blood were scored and expressed as disease activity index (DAI). At the end of the experiments, the animals were euthanized. Colon length and spleen weight were determined, and the degree of inflammation of the colon was scored. Results: Rats in both models of IBD (acetic acid- and indomethacin-induced IBD), exhibited significant increases in DAI, macroscopic inflammation scores and spleen weights, while the lengths of colon were decreased. Pretreatment with LP extract attenuated the disease severity in both models as seen by the reverse of all observed altered parameters. Conclusion: These data suggest that LP extract might be beneficial in preventing and/or treating IBD. Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Dark purple glutinous rice Var. Luem Pua, Acetic acid, Indomethacin

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WS-5 Extract of Curcuma longa, Chaenomeles sinensis, and Zingiber officinale Contains Anti-AChE Compounds and Improves β-Amyloid-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/5160293 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ju Eun Kim ◽

Abinash Chandra Shrestha ◽

Hyo Shin Kim ◽

Ha Neul Ham ◽

Jun Hyeong Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Memory Impairment ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Senile Plaques ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Chaenomeles Sinensis

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to an extensive neuron loss via accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) as senile plaques associated with reactive astrocytes and microglial activation in the brain. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of WS-5 ethanol extract in vitro and in vivo against Aβ-induced AD in mice and to identify the extract’s active constituents. In the present study, WS-5 exerted a significant inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that WS-5 prevented Aβ oligomerization via inhibition of Aβ1-42 aggregation. Evaluation of antioxidant activities using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) demonstrated that WS-5 possessed a high antioxidant activity, which was confirmed by measuring the total antioxidant status (TAS). Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory properties of WS-5 were examined using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. WS-5 significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide–induced production of nitric oxide and two proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6. The memory impairment in mice with Aβ-induced AD was studied using the Morris water maze and passive avoidance test. Immunohistochemistry was performed to monitor pathological changes in the hippocampus and cortex region of the mouse brain. The animal study showed that WS-5 (250 mg/kg) treatment improved learning and suppressed memory impairment as well as reduced Aβ plaque accumulation in Aβ-induced AD. HPLC analysis identified the extract’s active compounds that exert anti-AChE activity. In summary, our findings suggest that WS-5 could be applied as a natural product therapy with a focus on neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders.

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Analgesic and Antioxidant Activities of 4-Phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one and Its Long Carbon Chains Derivatives

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/9043570 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Terence Nguema Ongone ◽

Redouane Achour ◽

Mostafa El Ghoul ◽

Latyfa El Ouasif ◽

Meryem El Jemli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Carbon Chain ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Reducing Power Assay

The aim of this work is to deepen the pharmacological effect of 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives which have a similar structure to nonionic surfactants: 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one is the hydrophilic head, and the carbon chain is hydrophobic tail. The antinociceptive activity of 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives was determined using acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests. In addition, the in vitro antioxidant activities of the tested derivatives were determined by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and ferric reducing power assay. A single oral administration of these compounds at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly reduced the number of abdominal writhes induced by acetic acid injection. Acute pretreatment with 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives at the dose of 100 mg/kg caused a significant increase in the tail withdrawal latency in the tail immersion test. Additionally, a significant scavenging activity in DPPH and reducing power was observed in testing antioxidant assays. Finally, we carried out a study of the antioxidant activity of these derivatives. The results of this study reveal that these compounds have a low antioxidant activity compared to the BHT. It decreases with the polarity of the molecule. The present study suggests that 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives possess potent antinociceptive and antioxidant effects, which suggest that the tested compounds may be useful in the treatment of pain and oxidation disorders.

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