scholarly journals Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for the recovery of phenolic compounds: effect of ionic liquids structure and process parameters

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 12398-12422
Author(s):  
Amir Sada Khan ◽  
Taleb H. Ibrahim ◽  
Nabil Abdel Jabbar ◽  
Mustafa I. Khamis ◽  
Paul Nancarrow ◽  
...  

Extraction of phenol from aqueous phase to ionic liquid phase.

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1717-1731
Author(s):  
Yucui Hou ◽  
Zhi Feng ◽  
Jaime Ruben Sossa Cuellar ◽  
Weize Wu

AbstractPhenolic compounds are important basic materials for the organic chemical industry, such as pesticides, medicines and preservatives. Phenolic compounds can be obtained from biomass, coal and petroleum via pyrolysis and liquefaction, but they are mixtures in oil. The traditional methods to separate phenols from oil using alkaline washing are not environmentally benign. To solve the problems, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ionic liquids (ILs) have been developed to separate phenols from oil, which shows high efficiency and environmental friendliness. In this article, we summarized the properties of DESs and ILs and the applications of DESs and ILs in the separation of phenols and oil. There are two ways in which DESs and ILs are used in these applications: (1) DESs formed in situ using different hydrogen bonding acceptors including quaternary ammonium salts, zwitterions, imidazoles and amides; (2) DESs and ILs used as extractants. The effect of water on the separation, mass transfer dynamics in the separation process, removal of neutral oil entrained in DESs, phase diagrams of phenol + oil + extractant during extraction, are also discussed. In the last, we analyze general trends for the separation and evaluate the problematic or challenging aspects in the separation of phenols from oil mixtures.


2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (39) ◽  
pp. 21340-21348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina M. S. S. Neves ◽  
Kiki A. Kurnia ◽  
Karina Shimizu ◽  
Isabel M. Marrucho ◽  
Luís Paulo N. Rebelo ◽  
...  

The presence of fluorinated alkyl chains in ionic liquids is quite relevant regarding their thermophysical properties and aqueous phase behaviour.


2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 1534-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingxiang Zhou ◽  
Yuantuan Gao ◽  
Junping Xiao ◽  
Guohong Xie

Abstract This paper reports a new method for the determination of aromatic amines with temperature-controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid-phase microextraction in combination with HPLC and results of investigation of the influence of anions in ionic liquids on the extraction performance. In these experiments, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8MIM][PF6]), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide ([C8MIM][NTf2]), and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C8MIM][BF4]) were used as the extraction solvents for the investigation of the effect of anions in ionic liquids. Other parameters affecting the microextraction performance were also investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed method had good linearity over the concentration ranges of 1.0–100 μg/L for 2, 4-dimethylaniline, 2-chloroanline, and N,N-dimethylaniline, and 1.5–150 μg/L for N,N-dimethylaniline and alpha-naphthylamine, with excellent correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.999), excellent detection sensitivity with LODs (S/N = 3) in the range of 0.39–0.63 μg/L, and precision in the range of 3.2–5.4% RSD (n = 6). Real water samples were analyzed with the established method, and good spike recoveries in the range of 86.3 to 98.9% were obtained. These results indicated that this method would be useful in the routine analysis of such pollutants.


2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1006-C1006
Author(s):  
Jeroen Jacobs ◽  
Koen Binnemans ◽  
Luc Van Meervelt

Liquid-liquid solvent extraction has become the primary research topic for separating mixtures of rare-earths. [1] Current research on this topic focuses on extraction processes involving ionic liquids as basic extracting agents. In the aqueous phase, the rare-earth is coordinated by the anionic entities of the ionic liquid, forming an anionic complex. The large organic cation of the ionic liquid neutralizes the complex (ion-pair complex) and migrates the entity to an organic phase. The choice of these agents is solely based on the calculation of thermodynamical extraction parameters, whilst structural information about these compounds is rare or even non-existent. Our research focuses on obtaining structural information via crystallography on the above-mentioned molecules and relating the interactions between anion and cation to the stability of the complexes. A difference in stability between the anionic complex and cation can give a different extractability. Different rare-earth chloride salts were dissolved in an aqueous phase, containing ionic liquids with β-diketonate anions and 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations. After the extraction, crystals of the formed compounds are grown from the organic phase and measured. Current results show us that an intermolecular non-classical C-H ... O hydrogen bond is persistent across the different molecules, whilst small interactions between the cation side chain and halogens on the β-diketonate add extra stability to the crystal structure. Structures formed with 2-thenolytrifluoroactylacetonate anions have no intention to form side chain interactions, leaving the alkyl chain of the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium in a void, whilst structures formed with hexafluoroacetylactonate have strong side chain interactions, which leads to a better packing. The different solubility of both compounds can be related to the different interactions and stability in the crystal structure.


2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2899-2907
Author(s):  
Beibei Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Sheng ◽  
Yuming Zhou ◽  
Huaying Gao ◽  
Zhiying Zhu ◽  
...  

A novel heterogeneous catalyst with high efficiency and recovery shows excellent performance in the alkylation of o-xylene and styrene.


2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (79) ◽  
pp. 11749-11752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongnian Gu ◽  
Mingliang Zhang ◽  
Ting Tan ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
Zhan Li ◽  
...  

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a new kind of green solvent were used for the first time to excellently extract phenolic compounds from model oil. It was also proved that DES could be used to extract other polar compounds from non-polar or weakly-polar solvents by liquid-phase microextraction.


RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (43) ◽  
pp. 24094-24100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxia Di ◽  
Yiqi Xu ◽  
Qunfeng Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Xu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhai ◽  
...  

It is important to understand the behaviour of ionic liquids (ILs) in nanoscale pores, as application of supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) materials has attracted much attention.


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