scholarly journals The effect of certain ingested fatty oils upon the composition of cow milk fat

1936 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Percy Hilditch ◽  
Hubert Morris Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cow Milk

scholarly journals Relationship between Temperament and Stage of Lactation, Productivity and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1840
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Vesta Jonike ◽  
Vytenis Čukauskas ◽  
Danguolė Urbšienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Performance

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between temperament and milk performance in cows at different stages of lactation, describing their productivity, metabolic status and resistance to mastitis. This study showed that with increasing lactation, cows’ temperament indicators decreased (p < 0.001) and they became calmer. The highest temperament score on a five-point scale was found in cows between 45 and 100 days of lactation. In the group of pregnant cows, we found more cows (p = 0.005) with a temperament score of 1–2 compared with non-pregnant cows A normal temperament was usually detected in cows with lactose levels in milk of 4.60% or more and when the somatic cell count (SCC) values in cow milk were <100,000/mL and 100,000–200,000/mL, with a milk fat-to-protein ratio of 1.2. A larger number of more sensitive and highly aggressive cows was detected at a low milk urea level. In contrast to a positive phenotypic correlation (p < 0.05), this study showed a negative genetic correlation between the temperament of cows and milk yield (p < 0.001). Positive genetic correlations between temperament scores and milk somatic cells (p < 0.001) and milk fat-to-protein ratio (p < 0.05) were found to indicate a lower genetic predisposition in cows with a calmer temperament to subclinical mastitis and ketosis. On the other hand, the heritability of temperament (h2 = 0.044–0.100) showed that only a small part of the phenotypic changes in this indicator is associated with genetic factors.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of the Composition, Nutritional Value, and Functional Properties of Camel Milk Fat

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2158
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Bakry ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Mohamed A. Farag ◽  
Sameh A. Korma ◽  
Ibrahim Khalifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Camel Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Milk Fat Globules ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Recently, camel milk (CM) has been considered as a health-promoting icon due to its medicinal and nutritional benefits. CM fat globule membrane has numerous health-promoting properties, such as anti-adhesion and anti-bacterial properties, which are suitable for people who are allergic to cow’s milk. CM contains milk fat globules with a small size, which accounts for their rapid digestion. Moreover, it also comprises lower amounts of cholesterol and saturated fatty acids concurrent with higher levels of essential fatty acids than cow milk, with an improved lipid profile manifested by reducing cholesterol levels in the blood. In addition, it is rich in phospholipids, especially plasmalogens and sphingomyelin, suggesting that CM fat may meet the daily nutritional requirements of adults and infants. Thus, CM and its dairy products have become more attractive for consumers. In view of this, we performed a comprehensive review of CM fat’s composition and nutritional properties. The overall goal is to increase knowledge related to CM fat characteristics and modify its unfavorable perception. Future studies are expected to be directed toward a better understanding of CM fat, which appears to be promising in the design and formulation of new products with significant health-promoting benefits.

GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY FOR COWS’ MILK FATTY ACIDS DERIVED BY INFRARED SPECTRA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 352-354
Author(s):  
E.A. Gladyr ◽  
L.P. Ignatieva ◽  
I.A. Lashneva ◽  
A.A. Kositsin ◽  
O.A. Artemieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
First Results

The first results of the genome-wide associations analysis for fatty acids composition in cow milk by Russian Holsteinized Black-and-White and Holstein breeds were obtained. Genomic regions (QTL) associated with milk fat percentage, fatty acids synthesis, functional parameters of linear type for udder and leg traits, fertility features have been detected.

scholarly journals Fatty acids composition of selected mammals’ milk

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pietrzak-Fiecko ◽  
Anna Malwina Kamelska-Sadowska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Human Milk Fat

AbstractOne of main nutritional components in milk are fat. Fats are the main source of energy used by the body. The most important components are fatty acids (FA), which have important biological functions e.g. anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, reducing blood pressure. What is more, milk fat in human diet shows health-promoting properties (1, 2). The aim of this study was to compare the fatty acids composition in selected mammals’ milk. A total of 84 milk samples of cow (Holstein-Frisian breed, n = 20), mare (Polish cold-blooded horse, n = 20); sheep (Kamieniecka breed, n = 12), goat (White goat breed, n = 12) were collected from small individual farms located in the north-eastern region of Poland. The samples of human milk (n = 20) were collected from women aged: 21–37, in the 2nd-4th month of lactation.The fatty acid composition was determined after the acids were transformed into methyl esters according to the IDF Standard method and gas chromatography using a Hewlett-Packard 6890 gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector. The average share of saturated FA (ΣSFA) in sheep, goat and cow milk fat were 77.5%, 75.5% and 67.7%, respectively, while in human and mare milk fat this value was about 47.0% ΣSFA. Human milk fat was characterized with the highest share of monounsaturated FA (ΣMUFA) 43.6%, while in the fat of other mammals this value was from 19.0 to 31.0%. The highest share of polyunsaturated FA (ΣPUFA; 22.0%) was found in mare milk. In human milk fat the value of ΣPUFA were higher (10%), than in milk of other mammals (3–5%). The lowest value of ΣSFA was observed in human and mare milk which could influence its health-promoting properties. The high share of other essential unsaturated FA indicates high dietary value of human milk. The share of fatty acids in mare milk similar to that in human milk makes it the most suitable in human nutrition.

The extracellular region of bovine milk butyrophilin exhibits closer structural similarity to human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein than to immunological BTN family receptors

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Eichinger ◽  
Irmgard Neumaier ◽  
Arne Skerra
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Disulfide Bridge ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Type I ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Extracellular Region

Abstract Bovine butyrophilin (BTN1A1) is an abundant type I transmembrane glycoprotein exposed on the surface of milk fat globules. We have solved the crystal structure of its extracellular region via multiple wavelength anomalous dispersion after incorporation of selenomethionine into the bacterially produced protein. The butyrophilin ectodomain exhibits two subdomains with immunoglobulin fold, each comprising a β-sandwich with a central disulfide bridge as well as one N-linked glycosylation. The fifth Cys residue at position 193 is unpaired and prone to forming disulfide crosslinks. The apparent lack of a ligand-binding site or receptor activity suggests a function predominantly as hydrophilic coat protein to prevent coagulation of the milk fat droplets. While there is less structural resemblance to members of the human butyrophilin family such as BTN3A, which play a role as immune receptors, the N-terminal bovine butyrophilin subdomain shows surprising similarity to the human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, a protein exposed on the surface of myelin sheaths. Thus, our study lends structural support to earlier hypotheses of a correlation between the consumption of cow milk and prevalence of neurological autoimmune diseases and may offer guidance for the breeding of cattle strains that express modified butyrophilin showing less immunological cross-reactivity.

scholarly journals Study of daily dynamics of cow milk quality indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00091
Author(s):  
Vladimir Trukhachev ◽  
Serhii Oliinyk ◽  
Nikolay Zlydnev ◽  
Alexey Pokotilo ◽  
Alexander Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
National Level ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Daily Milk

The introduction of modern technological advances and principles of dairy herd management, which were developed in the member countries of the International Committee for Animal Registration (ICAR), contributed to the increase in milk productivity of pedigree cattle at the national level. The harmonization of national regulatory documents with the methodological principles developed in ICAR is a promising area. The study of new methodological approaches to the assessment of milk productivity shows that one of the differences in the assessment of daily milk yield, milk fat and protein yield is the different frequency of performing the corresponding work on the control milking of cows, the formation of a daily milk sample and the necessary mathematical calculations. In the in article various approaches to assessing the daily yield of the main dairy components during 2- and 3-fold milking of cows of a herd of pedigree black-and-white cattle are considered and coefficients are proposed for recalculating the daily content of fat and protein in milk. At the same time, the presented research results, in general, coincide with the main trends in the dynamics of milk fat and protein indicators shown in the ICAR recommendations.

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