The Effects of Calcium and Calcium-Ionophores (X 537 a and a 23187) on Renin Release in the Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney

1. Calcium depletion from the medium of the isolated perfused kidney reduced renin release and renal perfusate flow. 2. Reintroduction of calcium increased renin release and perfusate flow. 3. The ionophore X 537 A (0·1–4 μmol/l) increased renin release both in the presence and absence of calcium in the medium. 4. The ionophore A 23187 (1–10 nmol/l) increased as well as decreased renin release. There was a positive correlation between direction of this effect and renal perfusate flow. 5. The results are compatible with the view that the effects of calcium and ionophores on renin release are the sum of direct and indirect effects of these agents, the predominant indirect effect being the modification of vascular tone.

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Influence of pulsatile perfusion upon renin release from the isolated perfused rat kidney

Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology ◽

10.1007/bf02584010 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 415 (6) ◽

pp. 713-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Rainer Nobiling ◽

Klaus Münter ◽

Christian P. Bührle ◽

Eberhard Hackenthal

Keyword(s):

Rat Kidney ◽

Renin Release ◽

Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽

Perfused Rat Kidney ◽

Pulsatile Perfusion

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Stimulation of renin release in perfused kidney by low calcium and high magnesium

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1977.232.4.f377 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 232 (4) ◽

pp. F377-F382 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. S. Fray

Keyword(s):

Sodium Excretion ◽

Calcium Concentration ◽

Perfusion Pressure ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Sodium Concentration ◽

Renin Release ◽

Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽

Low Calcium ◽

Perfused Rat Kidney ◽

Stimulation Of

These experiments were designed to test whether changing perfusate calcium or magnesium concentrations affected renin release in the isolated perfused rat kidney, and whether kidneys removed from sodium-loaded or sodium-deprived rats released the same amount of renin in response to identical stimuli. Kidneys were perfused with Kreb-Henseleit solution containing albumin. Renin release was inversely related to perfusate calcium concentration, whereas renin release was directly related to perfusate magnesium. Although a low calcium medium or low perfusion pressure (50 mmHg) stimulated renin release, the release was substantially greater in the sodium-deprived rats. Increasing the perfusate sodium concentration from 85 to 206 mM increased excretion, but did not alter renin release. It is concluded that a) low perfusate calcium and high magnesium concentrations stimulate renin release, b) kidneys removed from sodium-deprived rats released substantially more renin thatn those from sodium-loaded rats, and c) changing perfusate sodium concentration alters sodium excretion, but does not affect renin release.

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The Relationship between LGBT Executives and Firms’ Value and Financial Performance

Journal of Risk and Financial Management ◽

10.3390/jrfm14120596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 596

Author(s):

Isabel Costa Lourenço ◽

Donatella Di Marco ◽

Manuel Castelo Branco ◽

Ana Isabel Lopes ◽

Raquel Wille Sarquis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Financial Performance ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Firm Value ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Leadership Positions ◽

The Relationship ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Policies And Practices

Drawing on resource-based theory, we analyze the relationship between having LGBT executives in a firm’s leadership positions and its value and financial performance. The existence of LGBT executives is considered to be associated with employee and customer goodwill towards LGBT-friendly policies and practices and to lead to human capital and reputational benefits. Our findings suggest that there is a positive effect of the presence of LBGT executives on a firm’s value, both directly and indirectly, through its effect on the firm’s financial performance. We interpret this as suggesting that besides the direct effect of the existence of LGBT executives on a firm’s value, an indirect effect also exists, mediated through financial performance, presumably through the effect that this has on employee and customer goodwill towards LGBT-friendly policies and practices. As far as we are aware, our study is the first to examine the impacts of the presence of LGBT executives, as well as distinguish between its direct and indirect effects on firm value.

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Pengaruh Gaya Hidup Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Dan Kepuasan Konsumen Sepeda Motor Kawasaki D-Tracker 150 Di Kota Dumai

Jurnal Economica ◽

10.46750/economica.v8i1.28 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 54-68

Author(s):

Fajri Mubarak Natsir ◽

Zulkarnain ◽

Alvi Furwanti Alwie

Keyword(s):

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Consumer Satisfaction ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Equal Opportunities ◽

Purchasing Decisions

This study aims to see and know the direct and indirect effects of lifestyle on purchasing decisions and consumer satisfaction. The population in this study were 500 respondents from Dumai City who bought and used a Kawasaki D-Tracker 150 motorcycle, using Path Analysis. In this study the sampling method uses the Probability Sampling Technique, which is a sampling technique that provides equal opportunities for elements of the population to be selected as sample members. In this study the authors set a sample of the criteria of respondents, namely age 17 years and above. Samples taken in this study used the Slovin formula. The results in this study that lifestyle has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions. Lifestyle and purchasing decisions have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. There is an indirect effect of Lifestyle on Consumer Satisfaction through Decisions

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Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on renal function and renin release in the isolated perfused rat kidney.

Japanese Heart Journal ◽

10.1536/ihj.28.221 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shosaku NARUMI ◽

Toshiyuki YASUI ◽

Mamoru YOSHIZAWA ◽

Minako KAWAMURA ◽

Hiromichi SUZUKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Renin Release ◽

Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽

Perfused Rat Kidney ◽

Atrial Natriuretic

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Anti-GBM antibody-induced proteinuria in isolated perfused rat kidney

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1985.249.2.f241 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 249 (2) ◽

pp. F241-F250 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W. G. Couser ◽

C. Darby ◽

D. J. Salant ◽

S. Adler ◽

M. M. Stilmant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rat Kidney ◽

Sodium Reabsorption ◽

Glomerular Permeability ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Fluorescent Markers ◽

Protein Excretion ◽

Perfusate Flow ◽

Perfused Rat Kidney ◽

Fractional Clearance ◽

And Control

The effect of anti-GBM antibody on protein excretion was studied in isolated rat kidneys perfused with 20 mg of sheep anti-rat GBM (experimental) or nonantibody sheep IgG (control). Six control kidneys excreted 176 +/- 31 micrograms/min of BSA initially, rising to 296 +/- 111 micrograms/min at 2 h. Fractional clearance of BSA rose from 0.51 to 1.70%. Eight experimental kidneys excreted 211 +/- 56 micrograms/min of BSA, increasing to 1,924 +/- 804 micrograms/min at 2 h. Fractional BSA clearance increased from 0.56 to 11.49%. After 60 min, BSA excretion in anti-GBM-perfused kidneys exceeded controls by a factor of 6.5-7.9 (P less than 0.05) and fractional BSA clearance exceeded controls by a factor of 5.8-7.1 (P less than 0.05). Studies with fluorescent markers indicated proteinuria to be of glomerular origin in antibody-perfused kidneys. There were no significant differences between anti-GBM-perfused and control kidneys in perfusion pressures, perfusate flow rates, urine flow rates, inulin clearance, or sodium reabsorption. Antibody to GBM can induce a marked increase in glomerular permeability to BSA and IgG without participation of other systemic humoral or cellular mediation systems.

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ANALISIS JALUR PERILAKU KONSUMEN DALAM BERMEDIA SOSIAL DAN CITRA USAHA TERHADAP MINAT BERKUNJUNG KE RUMAH MAKAN MIE AYAM

ISTITHMAR: Jurnal Pengembangan Ekonomi Islam ◽

10.30762/itr.v2i2.1003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Diana Ambarwati Dan Anita Sumelvia Dewi

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Consumer Behavior ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Corporate Image ◽

Future Research ◽

Sampling Techniques ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Analysis Techniques

This study aims to determine the total direct and indirect effects of consumer behavior in social media on the interest in visiting the Pak Kumis Chicken Noodle restaurant greater than 0.5 (50%). In this study, researchers conducted an associative approach with the variables studied, namely consumer behavior in social media taking, visiting interest and business image. The population in this study were 29 consumers who visited the Pak Kumis Chicken Noodles restaurant in Kediri and were willing to fill out the questionnaire in the middle of January 2018. The data analysis used path analysis techniques and sampling techniques using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques are carried out by conducting a survey to the research location through a questionnaire by submitting the questions to be filled in by the respondent in the middle of January 2018. From this study, it can be concluded that consumer behavior in social media directly influences the interest of visitation, consumer behavior in social media does not have an indirect effect through corporate image, and interests have an indirect effect through corporate image. The other variables that can affect the interest of visitation such as promotion, suitability between wants and needs, and other things that need to be considered for future research. It is hoped that there will be other variables that influence the interest of visitation which need to be considered by the next researcher or object of research. Key words: Consumer behavior in social media taking, interest of visitation, business image

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The Influence of Directive Strategies on Settlement Duration

International Negotiation ◽

10.1163/15718069-12341276 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 201-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Scott Sigmund Gartner

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Direct Effect ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Negative Selection ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Influence Strategies ◽

Process Effects ◽

Durable Peace

Are Directive Strategies in international disputes the most effective mediation method for obtaining durable peace? A standard statistical analysis shows no effect of Directive Strategies on settlement durability. This result however, is misleading, failing to take selection and indirect effects into account. In this article, I identify when selection and process effects reinforce or oppose each other. Directive Strategies have opposing negative selection and positive process effects, which can distort inferences about their influence. Strategies’ direct and indirect effects are also examined. Directive Strategies are more likely to lead to Full Settlements – the most comprehensive form of agreement, which improve the settlement durability (an indirect effect). However, Directive Strategies are used in more intractable disputes that result in fragile settlements (a direct effect). A statistical analysis of international disputes that takes these conflicting dynamics into account demonstrates the efficacy of Directive Mediation Strategies in producing durable agreements.

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