Plasma levels of endothelin in chronic renal failure and after renal transplantation: Impact on hypertension and cyclosporin A-associated nephrotoxicity

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Stockenhuber ◽  
M. Gottsauner-Wolf ◽  
L. Marosi ◽  
B. Liebisch ◽  
R. W. Kurz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Renal Graft ◽  
Haemodialysis Treatment

1. Plasma levels of endothelin were measured in 30 patients with chronic renal failure, 32 patients on chronic haemodialysis treatment and 25 renal graft recipients with stable renal graft function. 2. In patients with chronic renal failure as well as in patients on regular haemodialysis treatment, mean plasma levels of endothelin were significantly increased (4.59 ± 2.09 pg/ml, 10.08 ± 3.12 pg/ml, respectively) when compared with normal subjects (1.88 ± 0.6 pg/ml, P <0.01, P <0.001, respectively). 3. In the group with chronic renal failure a positive correlation between the plasma level of endothelin and the plasma concentration of creatinine was observed (P<0.003). 4. Renal graft recipients on cyclosporin A with stable renal graft function had a normal plasma level of endothelin suggesting that cyclosporin A nephrotoxicity is not mediated by endothelin. 5. Hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure or on regular haemodialysis and hypertensive renal graft recipients did not differ from the corresponding normotensive population with regard to the plasma level of endothelin, demonstrating that an increased plasma level of endothelin does not play a major role in the pathogenesis of renal hypertension.

scholarly journals Evaluation of plasma zinc and copper in patient with chronic renal failure in Khartoum State - Sudan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-354
Author(s):  
Salman Taha Ahmed Elmukashfi ◽  
Abdelwahab Abdien Saeed ◽  
Mutaz Ibrahim Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Mean

The kidney is complex vital organs, and has many functions. The main function it‘s removal of toxic and excess  substancesfrom the plasma, if there is any defect in the kidney like renal failure can disrupt  this function. The aim of this study was to determine the level of Zinc and Copper in Sudanese patient with chronic renal failure. This study was designed as case control, which includes 100 blood samples, a 60 from these sample were collected from patient with chronic renal failure and 40 samples were collected from health individual as control group and the sample is collected by using sterile disposable syringes and separated by centrifuge. Carried out in Ribat University Hospital in Khartoum state, during period from March to June 2018. And the plasma levels of zinc and copper determined by the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometer (OPERATOR’S MANUAL January 2003 VER 3.94 C), and the obtained results were analyzed by SPSS. The result of this study showed that there was significant decrease (p<0.05) in the plasma levels of zinc and copper in patient with chronic renal failure compared to the control subjects. The mean of plasma Zn was 0.3mg/l in test group and 0.7mg/l in control group with p. value of 0.002 and the mean of plasma Copper was 0.5mg/l in test group and 0.7mg/l in control group with p. value of 0.019. Also the study showed the gender and age of the patient, also the duration of the disease have no effect on the plasma level of zinc and copper (p 0.05). The study concludes that the plasma level of zinc and copper are low in patient with chronic renal failure. And the gender and age of the patient also the duration of disease have no significant effect on the plasma level of zinc and copper. Keywords: Chronic Renal Failure, Zinc, Copper, Sudanese

Favourable Effects of Muzolimine on Urea Plasma Levels in Chronic Renal Failure

1987 ◽  
pp. 412-414
Author(s):  
F. Mastrangelo ◽  
M. Napoli ◽  
C. Corliano’ ◽  
V. De Blasi ◽  
S. Rizzelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels

Impaired prolactin response to arginine infusion and insulin hypoglycaemia in chronic renal failure

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Schmitz ◽  
J. Møller
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Arginine Infusion ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction ◽  
Prolactin Response ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. The elevated level of circulating prolactin present in the majority of uraemic patients on chronic haemodialysis is primarily due to hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction. So far this defect has been illustrated by demonstration of a blunted prolactin response to TRH and failure of l-dopa to suppress prolactin levels. In the present study two powerful prolactin and growth hormone stimuli, namely iv arginine infusion and insulin hypoglycaemia were applied in a group of uraemic patients on chronic haemodialysis and in age matched control subjects. The prolactin increments to arginine infusion (4.4 ± 1.2 ng/ml vs 17.6 ± 4.6 ng/ml, mean ± se) and to insulin hypoglycaemia (7.9 ± 1.7 ng/ml vs 31.5 ± 5.4 ng/ml) were significantly suppressed in the uraemic patients compared to the controls (P < 0.05). In contradistinction the growth hormone rise provoked by the tests were similar in the two groups. Our results provide further insight into the hypothalamic pituitary derangement in uraemic patients and confirm the presumption of an insensitivity of the lactotrophs to stimulation in uraemic patients.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of IL-1β, TNFα and their specific inhibitors in undialyzed chronic renal failure, CAPD and hemodialysis patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 890-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J.G. Pereira ◽  
Leland Shapiro ◽  
Andrew J. King ◽  
Matheos E. Falagas ◽  
James A. Strom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

Increased nitric oxide production in platelets from severe chronic renal failure patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Alves de Sá Siqueira ◽  
Tatiana M.C. Brunini ◽  
Natália Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Marcela Anjos Martins ◽  
Monique Bandeira Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
No Production ◽  
Dialysis Treatment ◽  
Cgmp Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO) production occurs through oxidation of the amino acid l-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). NO inhibits platelet activation by increasing the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), thus maintaining vascular homeostasis. Our group previously demonstrated ( da Silva et al. 2005 ) an enhancement of the l-arginine–NO–cGMP pathway in platelets taken from chronic renal failure (CRF) patients on haemodialysis associated with reduced platelet aggregation. We investigate the platelet l-arginine–NO–cGMP pathway, platelet function, and inflammation from patients in CRF on conservative treatment. A total of 42 CRF patients and 42 controls (creatinine clearance = 27 ± 3 vs. 93 ± 1 mL per min per 1.73 m2, respectively) participated in this study. NOS activity and expression and cGMP concentration were measured in platelets. Platelet aggregation induced by collagen or ADP was evaluated and plasma levels of fibrinogen were determined by the Clauss method. A marked increase in basal NOS activity was seen in undialysed CRF patients compared with controls, accompanied by an elevation of fibrinogen plasma levels. There were no differences in expression of NOS and in cGMP levels. In this context, platelet aggregation was not affected. We provide the first evidence of increased intraplatelet NO biosynthesis in undialysed CRF patients, which can be an early marker of future haemostatic abnormalities during dialysis treatment.

Plasma levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone in hypothalamic—pituitary—adrenal disorders and chronic renal failure

1993 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kozo Hashimoto ◽  
Tatsuya Nishioka ◽  
Yukiko Numata ◽  
Takashi Ogasa ◽  
Jingo Kageyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean

Plasma levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) were measured in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disorders and chronic renal failure to investigate the clinical significance of plasma CRH. The mean plasma CRH level in normal subjects (N=26) was 1.64±0.43 pmol/l (normal range 0.77–2.5 pmol/l). Four of six patients with hypothalamic disorders receiving hydrocortisone supplementation had a low plasma CRH level. Two of six patients with Sheehan's syndrome had a low plasma CRH level whereas one patient had a high plasma CRH level. Two patients with Cushing's syndrome had a low plasma CRH level whereas two patients with Cushing's disease had a normal plasma CRH level. Six of 19 patients receiving prednisolone therapy had a low plasma CRH level. The mean plasma CRH level in this group was 0.97±0.34 pmol/l, which is significantly lower than that in the normal group. In this group, significant correlation was seen between plasma CRH and adrenocorticotropin levels. Eleven of 21 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis had a high plasma CRH level. Just after hemodialysis the plasma CRH levels decreased in 15 of 20 patients, while plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol levels increased in 13 of 19 patients and in 15 of 20 patients, respectively. Immunoreactive CRH in plasma measured both before and after hemodialysis eluted similarly on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. These results suggest that the plasma CRH level is at least partially suppressed by a chronically elevated plasma glucocorticoid level and that CRH in plasma is partially removed by hemodialysis.

scholarly journals PUK10 ECONOMIC IMPACT OF A LOW-PROTEIN DIET AIMING TO DELAY THE HAEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. A652-A653
Author(s):  
S de Portu ◽  
B Cianciaruso ◽  
A Pota ◽  
L di Miccio ◽  
A Di Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Haemodialysis Treatment

scholarly journals Plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone and neurophysin in patients with chronic renal failure

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 931-937
Author(s):  
Koichi Hasegawa ◽  
Yoshiki Matsushita ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Hirotoshi Morii ◽  
Tohru Yamaji
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Plasma Levels

Plasma pancreatic trypsinogens in chronic renal failure and after nephrectomy

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (2) ◽  
pp. G177-G182
Author(s):  
M. C. Geokas ◽  
R. Reidelberger ◽  
M. O'Rourke ◽  
E. Passaro ◽  
C. Largman
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cationic Trypsinogen ◽  
Anephric Patients ◽  
Highly Correlated

The kidney has previously been shown to be a major site for the plasma clearance of pancreatic trypsinogens in the rat. This study investigated plasma concentrations of anionic and cationic trypsinogen in chronic renal failure and anephric patients. Plasma concentrations were significantly elevated in both groups of patients. Hemodialysis did not change their plasma levels. The plasma levels of anionic and cationic trypsinogens were highly correlated in patients and normal subjects; however, the relative concentrations of anionic trypsinogen were significantly higher in renal failure patients. This suggests that in patients with renal failure the secondary clearance mechanisms for these plasma proteins more efficiently clear cationic molecules. In normal dogs, intravenous infusion of synthetic octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK-8) resulted in small transitory increases in plasma trypsinogen levels. After nephrectomy, basal levels of anionic and cationic trypsinogen were elevated, and intravenous infusion of CCK-8 resulted in prolonged, high levels of plasma trypsinogens.

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