Changes in Bone Mineral Density Associated with Dietary-Induced Loss of Body Mass in Young Women

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Ramsdale ◽  
E. J. Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body

1. Moderately overweight, premenopausal women were assessed for bone mineral density of the total body, lumbar spine and proximal femur before and after 6 months of modest dietary restriction (minimum 4800 kJ/day). The aim was to evaluate the effect of loss of body mass on bone mineral density. 2. Dietary assessment included two analyses of 3 day weighed food intakes, one before and the other after 4 months of dietary restriction. Energy and calcium intakes were significantly reduced by 27% and 5%, respectively. The change in calcium intake was negatively and significantly related to initial levels of calcium intake. 3. A significant mean loss of 3.4 ± 3.1 kg in body mass was achieved mainly in the first 3 months of the study; it was accompanied by significant losses at 6 months in bone mineral density in the total body of 0.7% and in the lumbar spine of 0.5%. There were no changes in the femur. 4. The change in bone mineral density in the total body was significantly related to the reduced absolute calcium intake, initial bone mineral density and loss of body mass. The change in bone mineral density in the spine was significantly related to the change in calcium intake. 5. These modest losses could be a threat in women with lower bone mineral density, and indicate the importance of maintaining a high intake of calcium during dietary restriction.

scholarly journals 855 LEAN BODY MASS AND LUMBAR SPINE BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S153 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shaw ◽  
C. Snow-Harter ◽  
T. Robinson ◽  
M. Wegner ◽  
A. Shelley
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Spine Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density

Musculoskeletal profile of amateur combat athletes: body composition, muscular strength and striking power

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Del Vecchio ◽  
Nattai Borges ◽  
Campbell MacGregor ◽  
Jarrod D. Meerkin ◽  
Mike Climstein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Physiological Tests

Background: Previous research highlighted positive musculoskeletal adaptations resulting from mechanical forces and loadings distinctive to impacts and movements with sports participation. However, little is known about these adaptations in combat athletes. The aim of this study was to quantify bone mineral density, lean muscle mass and punching and kicking power in amateur male combat athletes. Methods: Thirteen male combat athletes (lightweight and middleweight) volunteered all physiological tests including dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for bone mineral density (BMD) segmental body composition (lean muscle mass, LMM), muscle strength and striking power, sedentary controls (n = 15) were used for selected DXA outcome variables. Results: There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between combat groups for lumbar spine (+5.0%), dominant arm (+4.4%) BMD, and dominant and non-dominant leg LMM (+21.8% and +22.6%). Controls had significantly (p < 0.05) high adiposity (+36.8% relative), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass (+69.7%), VAT area (+69.5%), lower total body BMD (−8.4%) and lumbar spine BMD (−13.8%) than controls. No differences in lower limb BMD were seen in combat groups. Arm lean mass differences (dominant versus non-dominant) were significantly different between combat groups (p < 0.05, 4.2% versus 7.3%). There were no differences in punch/kick power (absolute or relative) between combat groups. 5RM strength (bench and squat) correlated significantly with upper limb striking power (r = 0.57), dominant and non-dominant leg BMD (r = 0.67, r = 0.70, respectively) and total body BMD (r = 0.59). Conclusion: BMD and LMM appear to be particularly important to discriminate between dominant and non-dominant upper limbs and less so for lower limb dominance in recreational combat athletes.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Cortisol and Bone Mineral Density in Competitive Male Cyclists

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Mathis ◽  
Richard S. Farley ◽  
Dana K. Fuller ◽  
Amy E. Jetton ◽  
Jennifer L. Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Daily Calcium Intake ◽  
Cycling Time Trial

Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether race day cortisol was related to bone mineral density (BMD) in competitive male cyclists. A secondary purpose was to determine additional factors associated with BMD in competitive male cyclists.Methods. Measurements of lumbar spine and hip BMD were performed in 35 male competitors in a state championship cycling time trial event. Salivary cortisol was measured 10 minutes prior to the start of the race and 5 minutes after race finished. Participants reported daily calcium intake, age, years of bike training, races per season, and average weekly minutes spent riding a bike, weight training, and running on a survey.Results. Cortisol level increased significantly from pre- to postcompetition but was not significantly associated with BMD. Increased weekly minutes of weight training was associated with higher BMD of the lumbar spine and the hip. The increased number of years of cycling experience was associated with lower BMD of the femoral neck. Increased daily calcium intake was associated with higher BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck.Conclusions. Findings indicate that cyclists should participate in weight training and increase calcium intake in order to increase or maintain BMD of the lumbar spine and hip.

scholarly journals Lean Body Mass, Not Estrogen or Progesterone, Predicts Peak Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Jane W. Lu ◽  
Fatima Nayeem ◽  
Karl E. Anderson ◽  
James J. Grady ◽  
Manubai Nagamani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Peak Bone Mineral Density

scholarly journals Factors influencing bone mineral density in postpartum women

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Novikova ◽  
Lubov V. Kuznetsova ◽  
Natalia Yu. Yakovleva ◽  
Irina E. Zazerskaya
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group 1

Background: Osteopenia is a common condition. Therefore, identification of groups for prevention of osteoporosis and restoration of bone mineral density (BMD) remains relevant. Aim: to assess the factors contributing to development of osteopenia in puerperas. Methods: prospective cross-sectional study. We examined 112 patients aged 20-35, 3-5 days after delivery. To assess possible factors for BMD decrease, we analyzed medical history, lifestyle, nutrition, anthropometric data, obstetric and gynecological history, and pregnancy course. We also assessed serum levels of 25-hydroxycalciferol (25-OH-D) and PTH. BMD was measured by dual energy x-ray osteodensitometry. We considered Z-score from -1 to -2.5SD as osteopenia, below -2.5 SD-as osteoporosis. Results: based on Z-score values, two groups were formed: 1 (n=70) - puerperas with osteopenia, 2 (n=42) - puerperas with normal BMD. In the first group, osteopenia in the distal radius was observed in 48%, in the lumbar spine in 16% and in the proximal femur in 36%. Influence of the following possible factors in group 1 was established: BMI in 15-20 years ≤ 18 kg/m2 (p<0.013), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (p<0.018), 25-OH-D less than 25 ng / ml (p < 0.0018), calcium intake less than 800 mg/day (p<0.041). Menstrual disorders (p<0.052) and preeclapsia (p < 0.042) affected lumbar spine BMD. In group 1, vitamin D deficiency was detected in 82% of women, 18% showed vitamin D insufficiency; in group 2, vitamin D deficiency was found in 16%, deficiency in 70%, in 14% vitamin D was normal. In women with a combination of factors such as BMI≤ 18 kg/m; calcium intake lower than 800 mg/day, menstrual cycle disorders, vitamin D deficiency - osteopenia in the distal radius occured 11 times more often (OR=11,47059; CI 95%=[4,0326; 32,627]). Conclusion: most significant impact on BMD decrease in puerperas can be expected if patient has the following risk factors: BMI≤18 kg/m2; 25-OH- D<25 ng/ml ; nutrition with calcium intake <800 mg per day, preeclampsia. Combination of these factors may increase the risk of osteopenia in the distal radius.

Predictors of bone mineral density in a convenience sample of young Caucasian adults living in southern Ontario

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Chouinard ◽  
Janis Randall Simpson ◽  
Andrea C. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Men And Women

Osteoporosis is a major public health concern in Canada and worldwide. Although much is known about bone health in older adults, little is known about bone health in young, healthy Canadian men and women. The objectives of this research were to describe bone mineral density (BMD) of young, healthy adults living in southern Ontario, Canada, and to identify predictors of BMD in this population. Two-hundred and fifty-eight Caucasian men and women aged 18–33 years completed health and physical activity questionnaires along with a calcium and vitamin D specific food frequency questionnaire. Height and mass were measured. BMD of the total hip, femoral neck, spine, and total body was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Among men, body mass, weight-bearing physical activity, and calcium intake were significant predictors of BMD. Among women, body mass, calcium intake, and family history of osteoporosis significantly predicted log BMD. The predictors of BMD in young Canadian men and women identified in this study may inform the development of longitudinal studies designed to examine the influence of lifestyle factors on BMD in young adults.

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