scholarly journals Associations Between Language Difficulties, Peer Victimization, and Bully Perpetration From 3 Through 8 Years of Age: Results From a Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Elise Øksendal ◽  
Ragnhild Eek Brandlistuen ◽  
Dieter Wolke ◽  
Siri Saugestad Helland ◽  
Arne Holte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
School Age ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Language Difficulties ◽  
Study Participants

Background and Purpose Schoolchildren with language difficulties experience more peer victimization compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. Whether these children also bully their peers (bully perpetration) more than TD children is unclear. Furthermore, little is known about peer victimization and bully perpetration among preschool children with language difficulties and how it may be related to different paths of language difficulties. This study aimed to investigate associations between language difficulties, peer victimization, and bully perpetration from preschool to school age as well as the risk of peer victimization and bully perpetration for children with different developmental paths of language difficulties and mild language difficulties compared to TD children. Method The sample was drawn from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Participants with completed questionnaires at 3, 5, and 8 years of age ( n = 22,628) were included. Paths between latent variables of language skills at 3, 5, and 8 years of age, peer victimization at 5 and 8 years of age, and bully perpetration at 8 years of age were examined with structural equation modeling. Logistic regression was used to investigate peer victimization and bully perpetration for predefined paths of language difficulties. Results Poor language skills at 3 and 5 years of age were associated with peer victimization at 5 years of age. Poor language skills at 5 and 8 years of age were associated with peer victimization and bully perpetration at 8 years of age. The association between poor language skills at 5 years of age and bully perpetration at 8 years of age was stronger for girls. Persistent paths of language difficulties at 3, 5, and 8 years of age showed the highest risk of peer victimization and bully perpetration. Conclusions Language difficulties are associated with peer victimization and bully perpetration. The risk of peer victimization and bully perpetration differs according to different developmental paths of language difficulties from preschool to school age.

Adolescent religiousness and its influence on substance use: preliminary findings from the Mid-Atlantic School Age Twin Study

Twin Research ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M D'Onofrio ◽  
Lenn Murrelle ◽  
Lindon J Eaves ◽  
Michael E McCullough ◽  
Jessica L Landis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Spiritual Practices ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
School Age ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

AbstractResearch has consistently shown that religiousness is associated with lower levels of alcohol and drug use, but little is known about the nature of adolescent religiousness or the mechanisms through which it influences problem behavior in this age group. This paper presents preliminary results from the Mid-Atlantic School Age Twin Study, a prospective, population-based study of 6–18-year-old twins and their mothers. Factor analysis of a scale developed to characterize adolescent religiousness, the Religious Attitudes and Practices Inventory (RAPI), revealed three factors: theism, religious/spiritual practices, and peer religiousness. Twin correlations and univariate behavior-genetic models for these factors and a measure of belief that drug use is sinful reveal in 357 twin pairs that common environmental factors significantly influence these traits, but a minor influence of genetic factors could not be discounted. Correlations between the multiple factors of adolescent religiousness and substance use, comorbid problem behavior, mood disorders, and selected risk factors for substance involvement are also presented. Structural equation modeling illustrates that specific religious beliefs about the sinfulness of drugs and level of peer religiousness mediate the relationship between theistic beliefs and religious/spiritual practices on substance use. Limitations and future analyses are discussed.

Meta-Accuracy and Perceived Reciprocity From the Perception-Meta-Perception Social Relations Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Ben Porter ◽  
Camilla S. Øverup ◽  
Julie A. Brunson ◽  
Paras D. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Social Relations Model ◽  
Flexible Framework ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation

Abstract. Meta-accuracy and perceptions of reciprocity can be measured by covariances between latent variables in two social relations models examining perception and meta-perception. We propose a single unified model called the Perception-Meta-Perception Social Relations Model (PM-SRM). This model simultaneously estimates all possible parameters to provide a more complete understanding of the relationships between perception and meta-perception. We describe the components of the PM-SRM and present two pedagogical examples with code, openly available on https://osf.io/4ag5m . Using a new package in R (xxM), we estimated the model using multilevel structural equation modeling which provides an approachable and flexible framework for evaluating the PM-SRM. Further, we discuss possible expansions to the PM-SRM which can explore novel and exciting hypotheses.

scholarly journals Connecting Climate and Communicable Disease to Penta Helix Using Hierarchical Likelihood Structural Equation Modelling

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Rezzy Eko Caraka ◽  
Maengseok Noh ◽  
Rung-Ching Chen ◽  
Youngjo Lee ◽  
Prana Ugiana Gio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Hierarchical Likelihood

Design: Health issues throughout the sustainable development goals have also been integrated into one ultimate goal, which helps to ensure a healthy lifestyle as well as enhances well-being for any and all human beings of all social level. Meanwhile, regarding the clime change, we may take urgent action to its impacts. Purpose: Nowadays, climate change makes it much more difficult to control the pattern of diseases transmitted and sometimes hard to prevent. In line with this, Centres for Disease Control (CDC) Taiwan grouped the spread of disease through its source in the first six main groups. Those are food or waterborne, airborne or droplet, vector-borne, sexually transmitted or blood-borne, contact transmission, and miscellaneous. According to this, academics, government, and the private sector should work together and collaborate to maintain the health issue. This article examines and connects the climate and communicable aspects towards Penta-Helix in Taiwan. Finding: In summary, we have been addressing the knowledge center on the number of private companies throughout the health care sector, the number of healthcare facilities, and the education institutions widely recognized as Penta Helix. In addition, we used hierarchical likelihood structural equation modeling (HSEMs). All the relationship variables among climate, communicable disease, and Penta Helix can be interpreted through the latent variables with GoF 79.24%.

scholarly journals A Study on Supply–Demand Satisfaction of Community-Based Senior Care Combined with the Psychological Perception of the Elderly

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Jiangang Shi ◽  
Wenwen Hua ◽  
Daizhong Tang ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Quanwei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government

Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and customer satisfaction theory, we constructed a satisfaction model for supply–demand satisfaction for community-based senior care (SSCSC) combined with the psychological perspective of the elderly, and four dimensions of basic living needs (BLNs), living environment (LE), personal traits (PTs), and livability for the aged (LA) were selected to construct the model. The data were obtained from 296 questionnaires from seniors over 50 years old (or completed by relatives on their behalf, according to their actual situation). Twenty-two observed variables were selected for the five latent variables, and their interactions were explored using structural equation modeling. The results showed that LA was the most significant factor influencing SSCSC, and it was followed by BLNs and LE. PTs did not show a direct effect on LA, but they could have an indirect effect on SSCSC through influencing BLNs and LE. Based on the current state of community aging satisfaction, we propose to establish a community elderly care service system based on the basic needs of the elderly population, providing differentiated and refined elderly care services and improving the level of aging-friendly communities. This study provides references for the government to formulate relevant policies and other supply entities to make strategic decisions and has important implications for further enhancing community elderly services to become an important part of the social security system for the elderly.

The Simple Views of Reading and Writing: Frameworks for Interpretation of the Woodcock–Johnson IV

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110233
Author(s):  
Jason R. Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Language ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Written Expression ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
School Age ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Technical Manual ◽  
Woodcock Johnson

The simple views of reading (SVRs) and writing (SVWs) reflect useful frameworks for the psychoeducational evaluation of literacy difficulties. They describe reading comprehension and written expression as the outcome of oral language, decoding, and transcription skills. Prior research has demonstrated that these components explain the vast majority of variance in comprehension and written expression. However, subtests’ specific task demands can influence the relationships among these components within the models. As a result, practitioners should know the degree to which various test batteries operationalize these frameworks. Using correlations from school-age participants provided in the technical manual, these analyses investigated the SVR and SVW within the Woodcock–Johnson IV battery through structural equation modeling. Results suggest that the battery’s measures conform to many of the expectations stemming from the SVR/SVW. However, its comprehension and written expression measures appear less language-influenced and more affected by decoding/spelling. Implications for psychoeducational practice are discussed.

Building a Model of Family Caregiving for Children with Emotional Disorders

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Mcdonald ◽  
Thomas K. Gregoire ◽  
John Poertner ◽  
Theresa J. Early
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
And Coping

In this article we describe the results of an ongoing effort to better understand the caregiving process in families of children with severe emotional problems. We make two assumptions. First, we assume that these families are essentially like other families but are faced with a special challenge in raising and caring for their special children while at the same time performing the multiple tasks and demands faced by all families. Second, we assume that public policy and programs must be supportive of the care of these children in their own homes and communities whenever possible. The purpose of this article is to present a model of family caregiving that draws broadly from available theory and empirical literature in multiple fields and to subject this model to empirical testing. We use structural equation modeling with latent variables to estimate an empirical model based on the theoretical model. Results of the model testing point to the importance of the child's external problem behaviors and the family's socioeconomic status and coping strategies as determinants of caregiver stress. Other findings highlight difficulties in measuring and modeling the complex mediating process, which includes formal and informal supports, perceptions, and coping behaviors. The use of structural equation modeling can benefit our efforts to support families by making explicit our theories about the important dimensions of this process and the relationship between these dimensions, which can then be subjected to measurement and validation.

Efektifitas Sistem Informasi Manajemen Bagi Pengguna Internal (Studi Kasus Pada PT Bank Lampung)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alhibarsyah Alhibarsyah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Technology System

Abstract To fulfill information needs that are relevant, fast, and accurate, the application of information technology, especially computer-based is inseparable from the role of the three basic components of a computer. The success model of the information technology system developed by DeLone & McLean quickly received a response. PT. Bank Lampung as one of the banking service providers in Lampung, is the object of research to determine how variables affect the level of Quality System, Information Quality, Service Quality, Use and Satisfaction and Use of Benefits, to determine the level of effectiveness in PT Bank Lampung's internal customer management information system. SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) is a multivariate statistical technique that is a combination of factor analysis and regression analysis (correlation), which aims to examine the relationship between variables in the model. To explain the overall relationship that exists between the variables in this study using AMOS software (Moment Structure Analysis). This shows that the sample variance-covariance matrix (observation data) I s the same as the estimated matrix of variance-covariance (population) based on the model built, it is expected that the results of this study KI significantly influence P, KI significantly affects KP, KS influences significant impact on P, significantly affecting KS KP, KL significantly affected P, KL significantly affected KP, P significantly affected KP, P significantly affected M, KP significantly affected M.

Distribution and Heritability of Recurrent Ear Infections

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 624-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari J. Kvaerner ◽  
Jennifer R. Harris ◽  
Kristian Tambs ◽  
Per Magnus
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
Ear Infections ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Familial Environment

The distribution of recurrent ear infections was obtained from a population-based sample of 2,750 pairs of Norwegian twins born between 1967 and 1974. The lifetime prevalence of self-reported recurrent ear infections was 8.9%, with a significant predominance of female cases. The mean age of onset was 4.2 years, with a gradual decrease in occurrence from 2 to 7 years of age. Among monozygotic pairs, the rate of tetrachoric correlation between co-twins was almost identical in males (0.73, SE 0.08) and females (0.74, SE 0.06), but among the dizygotic pairs the correlation was clearly higher in males (0.53, SE 0.12) than in females (0.20, SE 0.12). The value in the unlike-sexed dizygotic twins (0.25, SE 0.05) was intermediate to that of the like-sexed male and female dizygotic pairs. The relative contribution of genes and environment to variability in the predisposition to develop otitis media was estimated by means of structural equation modeling. Variation in liability to ear infections was mainly explained by additive genetic and dominance factors in females, for whom heritability was estimated at 74%. The remaining 26% of the variation in liability was explained by individual environmental factors. In males, 45% of the variation could be accounted for by genetic factors, 29% by common familial environment, and the remaining 26% by individual environmental effects.

scholarly journals Structural Equation Modeling for the Effect of Main Factors on Abortion Issue

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Aras Jalal Mhamad ◽  
Renas Abubaker Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Main Factors

       Based on medical exchange and medical information processing theories with statistical tools, our study proposes and tests a research model that investigates main factors behind abortion issue. Data were collected from the survey of Maternity hospital in Sulaimani, Kurdistan-Iraq. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is a powerful technique as it estimates the causal relationship between more than one dependent variable and many independent variables, which is ability to incorporate quantitative and qualitative data, and it shows how all latent variables are related to each other. The dependent latent variable in SEM which have one-way arrows pointing to them is called endogenous variable while others are exogenous variables. The structural equation modeling results reveal is underlying mechanism through which statistical tools, as relationship between factors; previous disease information, food and drug information, patient address, mother’s information, abortion information, which are caused abortion problem. Simply stated, the empirical data support the study hypothesis and the research model we have proposed is viable. The data of the study were obtained from a survey of Maternity hospital in Sulaimani, Kurdistan-Iraq, which is in close contact with patients for long periods, and it is number one area for pregnant women to obtain information about the abortion issue. The results shows arrangement about factors effectiveness as mentioned at section five of the study. This gives the conclusion that abortion problem must be more concern than the other pregnancy problem.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document