The impact of current tobacco use on the outcome of paracetamol poisoning

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Schmidt ◽  
K. Dalhoff
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Paracetamol Poisoning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Tobacco

scholarly journals Maternal Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Relation to Child Malnutrition in Gauteng, South Africa: A Retrospective Analysis

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Perpetua Modjadji ◽  
Mpinane Pitso
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
World Health ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Current Tobacco

Tobacco and alcohol use among mothers is associated with numerous adverse consequences for affected offspring, including poor growth and development. This study determined the association between maternal tobacco and alcohol use, and malnutrition, among infants aged ≤ 12 months (n = 300), in selected health facilities situated in Gauteng, South Africa. Data on alcohol and tobacco use were collected using a validated questionnaire, in addition to mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics and obstetric history. Stunting (low height/length-for-age), underweight (low weight-for-age) and thinness (low body mass index-for-age) were calculated using z-scores based on the World Health Organization child growth standards. The association of tobacco and alcohol use with stunting, underweight and thinness was analysed using logistic regression analysis. The results showed a mean age of 29 years (24.0; 35.0) for mothers and 7.6 ± 3 months for infants, and over half of the mothers were unemployed (63%). Approximately 18.7% of mothers had used tobacco and 3% had used alcohol during pregnancy. The prevalence of current tobacco and alcohol use among mothers were estimated at 14.3% and 49.7%, respectively, and almost three-quarters (67.3%) of them were still breastfeeding during the study period. Stunting (55%) was the most prevalent malnutrition indicator among infants, while underweight was 41.7%, and thinness was 22%. Current tobacco use was associated with increased odds of being thin [OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.09–5.45), and after adjusting for confounders, current alcohol use was associated with the likelihood of being underweight [AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.06–3.63] among infants. Future prospective cohort studies that examine growth patterns among infants who are exposed to maternal tobacco and alcohol use from the intrauterine life to infancy are necessary to inform, partly, the public health programmes, to reduce malnutrition among children.

scholarly journals Tobacco Use Changes and Perceived Health Risks among Current Tobacco Users during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Yingst ◽  
Nicolle M. Krebs ◽  
Candace R. Bordner ◽  
Andrea L. Hobkirk ◽  
Sophia I. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
User Research ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
State College ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Penn State ◽  
Penn State College ◽  
Current Tobacco

COVID-19 has become a global pandemic, with over 81 million cases worldwide. To assess changes in tobacco use as a result of the pandemic, we surveyed a convenience sample of current tobacco users between April and June 2020. The sample was taken from a tobacco user research registry (n = 3396) from the Penn State College of Medicine in Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA. Participants who responded to the survey and were eligible for this study (n = 291) were 25.6% male, 93% white, and had a mean age of 47.3 (SD = 11.6) years. There were no reports of participants testing positive for COVID-19, but 21.7% reported experiencing symptoms associated with the virus. Most participants (67%) believed that their risk of contracting COVID-19 was the same as non-tobacco users, but 57.7% believed that their risk of serious complications, if infected, was greater compared to non-tobacco users. A total of 28% reported increasing their cigarette use during the pandemic. The most common reasons for increased use were increased stress, more time at home, and boredom while quarantined. Nearly 15% reported decreasing their tobacco use. The most common reasons for reduced use were health concerns and more time around non-smokers (including children). A total of 71 (24.5%) users reported making a quit attempt. Characterizing these pandemic-related changes in tobacco use may be important to understanding the full scope of subsequent health outcomes resulting from the pandemic. Tobacco cessation resources should be tailored to allow for safe, appropriate access for those interested in quitting.

scholarly journals The impact of information about tobacco-related reproductive vs. general health risks on South Indian women's tobacco use decisions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
Caitlyn D. Placek ◽  
Renee E. Magnan ◽  
Vijaya Srinivas ◽  
Poornima Jaykrishna ◽  
Kavitha Ravi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
General Health ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Impact

Concurrent binge drinking and current tobacco use and its social and health correlates among adults in Laos

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Manithong Vonglokham ◽  
Sengchanh Kounnavong ◽  
Vanphanom Sychareun ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Current Tobacco

scholarly journals Potential Social, Environmental, and Regulatory Threats to Electronic Health Record Strategies for Improving Tobacco Treatment in Healthcare

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Frank T. Leone ◽  
Sarah Evers-Casey ◽  
Michael J. Halenar ◽  
Keiren O'Connell ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Topic Area ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Tobacco Treatment ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Optimal Implementation

Introduction– The potential impact of electronic health records (EHR) in driving tobacco treatment behaviours within healthcare settings has been established. However, little is known about the administrative variables that may undermine effectiveness in real world settings.Aims– Assist healthcare planners interested in implementing tobacco-EHR systems by identifying an EHR framework that is consistent with published treatment guidelines, and the important organisational variables that can undermine the effectiveness of tobacco-EHR.Methods– This paper considers the established literature on EHR implementation and physician behaviour change, and integrates this understanding with the observations of an expert workgroup tasked with facilitating tobacco-EHR implementation in Southeastern Pennsylvania.Results/ Findings– System change in this topic area will continue to be problematic unless attention is paid to several important lessons regarding: 1) the evolving healthcare regulatory environment, 2) the integration of tobacco use treatment into primary care, and 3) the existing social and organisational barriers to uptake of evidence-based recommendations.Conclusion– Healthcare organisations seeking to reduce the impact of tobacco use on their patients are well served by tobacco-EHR systems that improve care. Managers can avoid sub-optimal implementation by considering several threats to effectiveness before proceeding to systems change.

scholarly journals Utilization of complementary and traditional medicine practitioners among middle-aged and older adults in India: results of a national survey in 2017–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Health Practitioner ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Subjective Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Insurance Cover ◽  
Current Tobacco

Abstract Background Lack of information exists about the use of traditional and complementary medicine (TCM) use among middle-aged and older adults in India, which led to studying the estimates of past-12-month Ayurveda/Yoga/Naturopathy/Unani/Siddha/Homeopathy (AYUSH) practitioner and traditional health practitioner (THP) utilization in India. Methods The study included 72,262 individuals (45 years and older) from the cross-sectional 2017–2018 Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1. Results The prevalence of past 12-month AYUSH practitioner utilization was 6.5%, THP use 7.0%, and AYUSH or THP use 13.0%. The rate of AYUSH practitioner utilization was determined by older age (≥60 years) (Adjusted Odds Ratio-AOR: 1.20, 95% Confidence Interval-CI: 1.07–1.34), having pain (AOR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.29–1.69), any bone or joint diseases (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.35–1.82), current tobacco use (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.12–1.50), male sex (AOR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.68–0.85), high subjective socioeconomic status (AOR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60–0.87), urban residence (AOR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.57–0.88), diabetes (AOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.55–0.81), chronic heart disease (AOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.37–0.73), and having a health insurance cover (AOR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.30–0.44). The rate of THP utilization was determined by depressive symptoms (AOR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01–1.35), sleep problems (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08–1.51), having pain (AOR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.55–2.15), current tobacco use (AOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.22–1.51), having health insurance cover (AOR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.33–0.51), hypertension (AOR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71–0.95), diabetes (AOR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.39–0.65), urban residence (AOR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.19–0.34), and high subjective socioeconomic status (AOR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.58–0.85). Conclusion A moderate prevalence of AYUSH practitioner and THP use among middle-aged and older adults in India was found and several factors associated with AYUSH practitioner and THP use were identified.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Tobacco Use among Khat Users: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Kassim ◽  
Mohammed Jawad ◽  
Ray Croucher ◽  
Elie A. Akl
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Khat Use ◽  
Current Tobacco

Khat, an “amphetamine-like green leaf,” may influence the consumption of tobacco. This study reviews the epidemiology of tobacco use among khat users. Electronic database searches using appropriate keywords/terms were conducted to identify observational studies of khat use. Assessment of quality and risk of bias of all included studies was conducted, and the results were synthesised descriptively. Nine eligible cross-sectional studies were identified. All assessed self-reported tobacco among khat users and were carried out in Africa and the Middle East. Eight reported cigarettes and one reported waterpipes as the mode of use. Methods of tobacco use prevalence assessment varied. Prevalence of “current” tobacco use among students and university teachers ranged from 29 to 37%; “lifetime” tobacco use in university teachers was 58% and “undefined” tobacco use in nonspecific adults and students ranged from 17 to 78%. Daily tobacco use among adults was reported as 17% whilst simultaneous tobacco and khat use was reported as between 14 and 30% in students. In conclusion, tobacco prevalence among khat users appears significant. Findings should be interpreted cautiously due to self-reported tobacco use, diversity in questions assessing tobacco use, and type of tobacco consumption. Future research should address the methodological shortcomings identified in this review before appropriate policy interventions can be developed.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the Hong Kong Youth Quitline Service and Quitting Behaviors of Its Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8397
Author(s):  
Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽  
William Ho Cheung Li ◽  
Ankie Tan Cheung ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Man Ping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quit Rate ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Young Smokers ◽  
The Impact

Tobacco use is a possible risk factor for contracting and spreading COVID-19. We aimed to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Youth Quitline service and quitting behaviors of its users in Hong Kong. We conducted a telephone survey involving 201 participants of the Youth Quitline service, and retrospectively analyzed the operation and use of Quitline since the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong. The number of incoming calls to the Youth Quitline and the participants′ quit rate has increased since the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong. Many participants (68%) did not realize that tobacco use potentially increased their risk for developing and spreading COVID-19; however, 43% agreed that the pandemic motivated their intention to quit, and 83% changed their smoking habits during the pandemic. These changes were mainly due to wearing masks (30%), closure of bars/pubs (25%), suspension of classes (14%), and being unable to socialize with friends (24%). Overall, 58% reduced their tobacco use; of these participants, 66% reported a ≥50% reduction in daily cigarette consumption. The participants reduced their smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic despite lacking knowledge about the potentially increased risk for contracting COVID-19 from continued smoking. The pandemic could create new opportunities to motivate young smokers to quit smoking, especially those seeking support for smoking cessation, and may further contribute to reducing the risks posed by COVID-19.

scholarly journals No Impact of Smoking Status on Breast Cancer Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Prognosis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2943
Author(s):  
Vanille Simon ◽  
Lucie Laot ◽  
Enora Laas ◽  
Sonia Rozette ◽  
Julien Guerin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Pathologic Complete Response ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
The Impact

Tobacco use is associated with an increase in breast cancer (BC) mortality. Pathologic complete response (pCR) rate to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is influenced by tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels and is associated with a better long-term survival outcome. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of smoking status on TIL levels, response to NAC and prognosis for BC patients. We retrospectively evaluated pre- and post-NAC stromal and intra tumoral TIL levels and pCR rates on a cohort of T1-T3NxM0 BC patients treated with NAC between 2002 and 2012 at Institut Curie. Smoking status (current, ever, never smokers) was collected in clinical records. We analyzed the association between smoking status, TIL levels, pCR rates and survival outcomes among the whole population, and according to BC subtype. Nine hundred and fifty-six BC patients with available smoking status information were included in our analysis (current smokers, n = 179 (18.7%); ever smokers, n = 154 (16.1%) and never smokers, n = 623 (65.2%)). Median pre-NAC TIL levels, pCR rates, or median post-NAC TIL levels were not significantly different according to smoking status, neither in the whole population, nor in any BC subtype group. With a median follow-up of 101.4 months, relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were not significantly different by smoking status. We did not find any significant effect of tobacco use on pre- and post-NAC TILs nor response to NAC. Though our data seem reassuring, BC treatment should still be considered as a window of opportunity to offer BC patients accurate smoking cessation interventions.

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