Regulation of the Oxytocin Receptor in Bovine Reproductive Tissues and the Role of Steroids

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ivell ◽  
A-R Fuchs ◽  
R Bathgate ◽  
G Tillmann ◽  
T Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Reproductive Tissues

The Hormonal Underpinnings of Sexual Communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 234-260
Author(s):  
Amanda Denes ◽  
Anuraj Dhillon ◽  
Ambyre L. P. Ponivas ◽  
Kara L. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Sexual Communication ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Broad Domain ◽  
Relational Outcomes

Sexual communication is a pivotal part of interpersonal relationships; recent research reveals associations between sexual communication and various relational outcomes. Within the broad domain of sexual communication, current scholarship specifically addresses the role of postsex communication in relationships and its links to physiological and genetic markers. Given these advancements, the present chapter offers an overview of research linking physiology, hormones, and genes to communication after sexual activity. The chapter first presents reviews of two key hormones in sexual communication research: testosterone (T) and oxytocin (O). The oxytocin receptor gene and its link to social behavior broadly, and sexual behavior specifically, is also explored. The chapter then offers a review of several theories relevant to understanding the hormonal underpinnings of sexual communication, as well as future directions for research exploring sexual communication and physiology.

scholarly journals The Expression of miRNAs in Human Ovaries, Oocytes, Extracellular Vesicles, and Early Embryos: A Systematic Review

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Salas-Huetos ◽  
Emma R. James ◽  
Kenneth I. Aston ◽  
Timothy G. Jenkins ◽  
Douglas T. Carrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Human Reproductive

The recent discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) in human reproductive tissues and cells indicates a possible functional role in reproductive function. However, the studies published to date in female reproductive tissues/cells and embryos are inconclusive and sometimes controversial. In order to update the knowledge of this field, the present study aimed to discuss, through a systematic review, the role of miRNAs in female human reproduction and early embryogenesis. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through June 2018 (plus a complementary search until July 2019), in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. We have included descriptive and observational studies, in which fertile/infertile women were well-defined. The primary outcome was the miRNA expression in ovaries, oocytes, extracellular vesicles, and embryos. We identified 25,204 articles, of which 28 were selected for qualitative analysis: 18 in ovaries and extracellular vesicles, three in oocytes, and seven in embryos. The present systematic review of descriptive and observational studies demonstrates that aberrant miRNA expression in female reproductive tissues/cells and embryos is related with infertility and embryogenesis errors. The expression of specific miRNAs, particularly in extracellular vesicles, may be used in the future as biomarkers of infertility and prognostic tools of embryo development.

scholarly journals Examining the link between emotional childhood abuse and social relationships in midlife: The moderating role of the oxytocin receptor gene

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 104151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley M. Ebbert ◽  
Frank J. Infurna ◽  
Suniya S. Luthar ◽  
Kathryn Lemery-Chalfant ◽  
William R. Corbin
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Moderating Role

scholarly journals Contribution of endogenous oxytocin to sodium excretion in anaesthetized, surgically operated rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Walter ◽  
ML Forsling ◽  
DG Shirley
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Proximal Tubular Function ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Made In

In order to determine the possible role of endogenous oxytocin in controlling electrolyte and water excretion in animals whose renal function is being assessed by invasive techniques, rats were anaesthetized and subjected to micropuncture surgery. Clearance measurements were made in the presence and absence of the potent oxytocin receptor antagonist d(CH(2))(5)[Tyr(Me)(2), Thr(4), Orn(8), Tyr(NH(2))(9)]-vasotocin. In rats infused with vehicle alone, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), sodium excretion and urine flow rate remained stable. In contrast, in antagonist-treated rats GFR was modestly reduced (P<0.05), and there were large falls in both absolute and fractional sodium excretion (P<0.01 in each case) and absolute and fractional water excretion (P<0.05 in each case), indicating effects on both filtered load and fractional tubular reabsorption. The antinatriuresis was not accompanied by a change in the fractional excretion of lithium, suggesting that proximal tubular function is unaffected by oxytocin receptor antagonism; nor was it accompanied by a change in the fractional excretion of potassium, suggesting that the tubular effect is located beyond the potassium secretory site, i.e. downstream of the cortical collecting tubule. We conclude that circulating plasma concentrations of oxytocin during anaesthesia and moderate surgery are sufficient to enhance GFR and reduce fractional tubular sodium and water reabsorption. This has important implications for the interpretation of invasive studies such as micropuncture.

scholarly journals Heterotrimeric G Proteins of the Gq/11 Family Are Crucial for the Induction of Maternal Behavior in Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 8048-8054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Wettschureck ◽  
Alexandra Moers ◽  
Tuula Hamalainen ◽  
Thomas Lemberger ◽  
Günther Schütz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Proteins ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Lateral Septum ◽  
Heterotrimeric G Proteins ◽  
Bed Nucleus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Gland Function

ABSTRACT Heterotrimeric G proteins of the Gq/11 family transduce signals from a variety of neurotransmitter receptors and have therefore been implicated in several functions of the central nervous system. To investigate the potential role of Gq/11 signaling in behavior, we generated mice which lack the α-subunits of the two main members of the Gq/11 family, Gαq and Gα11, selectively in the forebrain. We show here that forebrain Gαq/11-deficient females do not display any maternal behavior such as nest building, pup retrieving, crouching, or nursing. However, olfaction, motor behavior and mammary gland function are normal in forebrain Gαq/11-deficient females. We used c-fos immunohistochemistry to investigate pup-induced neuronal activation in different forebrain regions and found a significant reduction in the medial preoptic area, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, and the lateral septum both in postpartum females and in virgin females after foster pup exposure. Pituitary function, especially prolactin release, was normal in forebrain Gαq/11-deficient females, and activation of oxytocin receptor-positive neurons in the hypothalamus did not differ between genotypes. Our findings show that Gq/11 signaling is indispensable to the neuronal circuit that connects the perception of pup-related stimuli to the initiation of maternal behavior and that this defect cannot be attributed to either reduced systemic prolactin levels or impaired activation of oxytocin receptor-positive neurons of the hypothalamus.

scholarly journals Review of eating disorders and oxytocin receptor polymorphisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Burmester ◽  
Dasha Nicholls ◽  
Alexis Buckle ◽  
Boban Stanojevic ◽  
Marta Crous-Bou
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background and aims Oxytocin, a nine amino acid peptide synthesised in the hypothalamus, has been widely recognised for its role in anxiolysis, bonding, sociality, and appetite. It binds to the oxytocin receptor (OXTR)—a G-protein coupled receptor—that is stimulated by the actions of oestrogen both peripherally and centrally. Studies have implicated OXTR genotypes in conferring either a risk or protective effect in autism, schizophrenia, and eating disorders (ED). There are numerous DNA variations of this receptor, with the most common DNA variation being in the form of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two OXTR SNPs have been most studied in relation to ED: rs53576 and rs2254298. Each SNP has the same allelic variant that produces genotypes AA, AG, and GG. In this critical review we will evaluate the putative role of rs53576 and rs2254298 SNPs in ED. Additionally, this narrative review will consider the role of gene-environment interactions in the development of ED pathology. Findings The OXTR SNPs rs53576 and rs2254298 show independent associations between the A allele and restrictive eating behaviours. Conversely, the G allele of the OXTR rs53576 SNP is associated with binging behaviours, findings that were also evident in neuroanatomy. One study found the A allele of both OXTR SNPs to confer risk for more severe ED symptomatology while the G allele conferred some protective effect. An interaction between poor maternal care and rs2254298 AG/AA genotype conferred increased risk for binge eating and purging in women. Conclusions Individual OXTR SNP are unlikely in themselves to explain complex eating disorders but may affect the expression of and/or effectiveness of the OXTR. A growing body of G x E work is indicating that rs53576G homozygosity becomes disadvantageous for later mental health under early adverse conditions but further research to extend these findings to eating pathology is needed. The GWAS approach would benefit this area of knowledge.

scholarly journals Stress-related memories disrupt sociability and associated patterning of hippocampal activity: a role of hilar oxytocin receptor-positive interneurons

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariah A. A. Meyer ◽  
Max Anstötz ◽  
Lynn Y. Ren ◽  
Michael P. Fiske ◽  
Anita L. Guedea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Lateral Septum ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Amnesia ◽  
Hippocampal Activity ◽  
Cellular Target

AbstractIn susceptible individuals, memories of stressful experiences can give rise to debilitating socio-affective symptoms. This occurs even when the ability to retrieve such memories is limited, as seen in patients suffering from traumatic amnesia. We therefore hypothesized that the encoding, rather than retrieval, mechanisms of stress-related memories underlie their impact on social and emotional behavior. To test this hypothesis, we used combinations of stress-enhanced and state-dependent fear conditioning, which engage different encoding mechanisms for the formation of stress-related memories. We found that the encoding of stress-enhanced state-dependent memories robustly and sex specifically impairs sociability in male mice and disrupts the asymmetry of dentate gyrus (DG)/CA3 activity accompanying social interactions. These deficits were restored by chemogenetic inactivation of oxytocin receptor-positive interneurons localized in the hilus (Oxtr-HI), and by inactivation of dorsohippocampal efferents to the caudal lateral septum. Together, our data suggest that disrupted patterning of dorsohippocampal DG/CA3 activity underlies stress-induced sociability deficits, and that Oxtr-HI can be a cellular target for improving these deficits.

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