PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONDITIONS SURROUNDING THE DIURNAL VERTICAL MIGRATION OF CRYPTOMONAS SPP. (CRYPTOPHYCEAE) IN A SEASONALLY STRATIFIED MIDWESTERN RESERVIOR (USA)

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Knapp ◽  
Frank DeNoyelles ◽  
David W. Graham ◽  
Sean Bergin
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Diurnal Vertical Migration ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Permeability to albumin in isolated coronary venules

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. H543-H552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yuan ◽  
W. M. Chilian ◽  
H. J. Granger ◽  
D. C. Zawieja
Keyword(s):  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Filtration Pressure ◽  
Diffusive Permeability ◽  
Apparent Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Intravascular Pressure

This study reports measurements of albumin permeability in isolated coronary venules. The isolated microvessel technique allows the quantification of transmural exchange of macromolecules under tightly controlled physical and chemical conditions. Transvenular exchange of albumin was studied in isolated coronary venules during alterations in filtration rate caused by changes in intravascular pressure. The apparent permeability coefficient of albumin (Pa) at an intraluminal pressure of 11 cmH2O was 3.92 +/- 0.43 x 10(-6) cm/s. Elevating intraluminal pressure to 16 and 21 cmH2O increased Pa to 5.13 +/- 0.57 x 10(-6) and 6.78 +/- 0.66 x 10(-6) cm/s, respectively. Calculation of the true diffusive permeability coefficient of albumin (Pd) at zero filtration rate was 1.54 x 10(-6) cm/s. The product of hydraulic conductance (Lp) and (1 - sigma), where sigma is the solute reflection coefficient, was 3.25 x 10(-7) cm.s-1 x cmH2O-1. At a net filtration pressure of 4-5 cmH2O, diffusion accounts for > 60% of total albumin transport across the venular wall. Transmural albumin flux is very sensitive to filtration rate, rising 6.7% for each cmH2O elevation of net filtration pressure. At 11 cmH2O net filtration pressure, convection accounts for nearly 70% of net albumin extravasation from the venular lumen. We suggest that the isolated coronary venule is a suitable preparation for the study of solute exchange in the heart.

scholarly journals Origin of Life on Mars: Suitability and Opportunities

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Benton C. Clark ◽  
Vera M. Kolb ◽  
Andrew Steele ◽  
Christopher H. House ◽  
Nina L. Lanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Early Earth ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Life On Mars ◽  
Eventual Return ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Mars ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Although the habitability of early Mars is now well established, its suitability for conditions favorable to an independent origin of life (OoL) has been less certain. With continued exploration, evidence has mounted for a widespread diversity of physical and chemical conditions on Mars that mimic those variously hypothesized as settings in which life first arose on Earth. Mars has also provided water, energy sources, CHNOPS elements, critical catalytic transition metal elements, as well as B, Mg, Ca, Na and K, all of which are elements associated with life as we know it. With its highly favorable sulfur abundance and land/ocean ratio, early wet Mars remains a prime candidate for its own OoL, in many respects superior to Earth. The relatively well-preserved ancient surface of planet Mars helps inform the range of possible analogous conditions during the now-obliterated history of early Earth. Continued exploration of Mars also contributes to the understanding of the opportunities for settings enabling an OoL on exoplanets. Favoring geochemical sediment samples for eventual return to Earth will enhance assessments of the likelihood of a Martian OoL.

scholarly journals Diurnal vertical migration of some cladocerans in relation to the physico-chemical factors in a fish pond

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Bhuiyan ◽  
S Akhter ◽  
MMA Quddus
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Fish Pond ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Diurnal Vertical Migration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Diurnal Movement ◽  
The Relationship

Diurnal vertical migration of four genera of cladocerans, namely Diaphanosoma sp., Daphnia sp., Moina sp. and Bosmina sp., during March to December, 2007 showed that the number of Diaphanosoma sp. was 501 units/1 in the surface layers, 172 units/l in the middle layers and 190 units/l in the bottom layers. The yearly number of Daphnia sp. in surface, middle and bottom layerss was 362 units/l, 46 units/l and 189 units/l respectively. In surface, bottom and middle layers, the number of Moina sp. was 159, 71 and 32 units/l, respectively. Bosmina sp. was 78 units/l in surface, 31 units/l in the middle and 33 units/l in the bottom layers. The number of Diaphanosoma sp., Daphnia sp., Moina sp., Bosmina sp., were 455, 149, 259 and 358 units/l, respectively in the morning, 63, 176, 142, 43 units/l at noon and 107, 55, 28, 59 units/l, respectively in the evening. Throughout the study period the cladocerans were always abundant near the surface during morning and evening. Among the factors responsible for the diurnal movement of cadoceran, light played the most important factor. The relationship between the physico-chemical factors and the cladoceran occurrence in the pond was also explored. Key words: Cladocera; Diurnal migration; Physico-chemical parameters; Fish pond DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8975 DUJBS 2011; 20(2): 147-154

Review of information on diurnal vertical migration in the bignose shark (Carcharhinus altimus)

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Anderson ◽  
JD Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Pelagic Zone ◽  
Benthic Species ◽  
Diurnal Vertical Migration

The bignose shark (Carcharhinus altimus) has been described in the literature as a deep-benthic species. Evidence is presented that C. altimus is a diurnal vertical migrator. It occurs near the bottom in about 90-500 m by day. At night, at least some individuals move into shallower water or up into the pelagic zone.

scholarly journals Ekosistem Mangrove Binuangeun, Banten: Kondisi Fisik Dan Kimia Serta Ragam Ikan

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Fitri Andriyani
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Root Structure ◽  
Chemical Condition ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystems ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Binuangeun Mangrove Ecosystem is located in the south western Java Island, in the area of ​​Lebak Regency, Banten Province. Mangrove ecosystems are ecosystems that located at the Coastal areas which are a habitat for a variety of marine animals which are associated with it, mostly fish, because of its complex or a very effective root structure which can provide a place for fish to be able to live, take shelter, develop, breed and also look for food. This research was conducted to determine the physical and chemical condition and the variety of fishes which found in the Binuangeu, Banten Mangrove Ecosystem. This research method uses literature study. Physical and chemical conditions of the Binuangeun Mangrove Ecosystem, Banten have degrees of temperature ranging from 28.20 - 32.20; acidity range between 7.00 - 8.09; turbidity ranges from 22.50 - 76.00 NTU; water current ranged from 0.079 to 0.189; phosphate content ranges from 0.02 - 0.008; salinity ranges from 30-35 PSU; and dissolved oxygen content ranges from 5.67 - 8.70. The types of fish found in the Binuangeun Mangrove Ecosystem, Banten are 45 species from 22 Family. The most abundant and relatively high species of existence is the Gobiidae with 10 species.   Keywords: Banten, Binuangeun, Ecosystems, Fish, Mangroves

Suspension Plasma Spraying (SPS) of Cobalt Spinel

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schiller ◽  
M. Müller ◽  
F. Gitzhofer ◽  
M.I. Boulos ◽  
R.B. Heimann
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Spraying ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
Dry Powders ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Cobalt Spinel ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract Fine (median size 6 μm and 0.3 μm) cobalt spinel (Co3O4) powders were processed suspended in a suitable liquid phase. Suspensions exceeding 50 wt.% solid phase content were successfully injected into an inductively coupled plasma. Spheroidized powders with large particle size (up to 80 μm) were prepared, and cobalt oxide coatings were produced by this novel RF-SPS method. The microstructural features of the coatings can be controlled by parameter optimization similarly to plasma spraying of dry powders. Numerous variations of the physical and chemical conditions of the process were performed in an attempt to overcome the main disadvantage of the process, i.e. the decomposition of the spinel phase to CoO. So far, the spinel phase could be reestablished only by a post-treatment of the deposited coatings with atomic oxygen in the RF plasma.

scholarly journals Changes in Potential Evaporation in the Years 1952–2018 in North-Western Poland in Terms of the Impact of Climatic Changes on Hydrological and Hydrochemical Conditions

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Okoniewska ◽  
Danuta Szumińska
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Potential Evaporation ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
North Western

The paper analyses changes in potential evaporation E0 (mm) in north-western Poland in the years 1952–2018. E0 (mm) has been calculated according to Ivanov’s formula based on the monthly values of air temperature (t, °C) and relative air humidity (f, %) for six weather stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management. The data were collected using the Statistica software ver. 13 and the QGIS software ver. 3.80. The results indicate statistically significant trends in the increase of E0 during the period 1952–2018, and that it is particularly high during the spring and summer months, which should be associated with a statistically significant increase in air temperature and a decrease in relative humidity at all examined stations. The results also indicate an exceptionally high increase in evaporation since the end of the 20th century and in the 21st century, which reflects a potentially higher risk of permanent changes in hydrological conditions. The research results point to the major role of climatic factors in the often-dramatic decreases in water resources observed in the 21st century, particularly in lakes and small watercourses. The progressing reduction of water resources may cause permanent changes in physical and chemical conditions in waterbodies.

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