scholarly journals Simultaneous thermal analysis of mineral fertilizers, purchased in Almaty

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Ilona Matveyeva ◽  
Nurgul Nursapina ◽  
Askar Bakhadur ◽  
Sholpan Nazarkulova ◽  
Balnur Shynybek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Soil Depletion ◽  
Soluble Fractions

Increased demand for agricultural products leads to soil depletion and increased use of mineral and organo-mineral fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers used in agriculture may contain contaminators such as heavy metals or radionuclides that can migrate and accumulate in plants. Although migration and accumulation abilities directly depend on species in which they are presented. Determination of species of heavy metals and radionuclides can be done by sequential extraction technique, which takes long time and a lot of reactants. Preliminary evaluation can be done on the basis of data of simultaneous thermal analysis. In the present study the simultaneous thermal analysis was used for investigation of mineral fertilizers, purchased in Almaty. “Fasko” with ammonia nitrate and “Bujskie udobreniya” fertilizers contain water-soluble fractions and “Ljubo zeleno” and “Fertika” contain organic soluble fractions.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals pollution in sediment of Citarum River, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-593
Author(s):  
Mutia Oktarina Permai Yenny ◽  
Arief Hartono ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Yumei Kang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution

Heavy metals have been reported to accumulate in sediment of Citarum River. The measurement of total heavy metals may not be able to provide information about the exact dimension of pollution, thus the determination of different fractions assumed great importance. This study was performed to determine chemical fractions of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Cd) in sediment collected at 8 locations from Citarum River. The sequential extraction procedure was used to extract heavy metals in water-soluble, acid-soluble, MnO occluded, organically bound, FeO occluded and residual fraction in sediment. Bioavailability and potential ecological risk level of heavy metals were evaluated based on bioavailability factor (BF) and risk assessment code (RAC) method. The results showed that Cu, Ni, Cr were mostly in residual form, indicate those from geological sources. Cu had low bioavailability and no risk in all sediment samples of Citarum River. Ni and Cr each was found to have risk at 2 locations. Pb and Cd were found dominantly in non-residual fraction, suggest those from anthropogenic sources. BF and RAC analysis of Pb and Cd suggest that there is a potential risk to the aquatic environment.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE METHOD OF QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF CAROTENOIDS IN THE RAW MATERIAL “ROSEHIP FRUIT”

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kurkin ◽  
Ol'ga Vladimirovna Sharova ◽  
Polina Valeriyevna Afanaseva
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Quality ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Long Time

The fruits of wild rose (Fructus Rosae) have been widely used in both traditional and officinal medicine for the long time. The pharmacological effect of the Rosehip medicine is related to the content of such biologically active compounds as: water-soluble (ascorbic acid) and fat-soluble (carotenoids) vitamins, as well as flavonoids (astragalin, isoquercitrin, tiliroside). Such medicine as Holosas, Carotolin and Rosehip syrup are obtained from the fruits of this plant. In addition, wild rose fruits are part of the various fees from which patients could prepare water infusions at home themselves. Regulatory documentation provides for the analysis of Rosehip raw materials three parameters: the content of ascorbic acid, the total carotenoids and flavonoids. The quantitative content of the total carotenoids in the fruits of the rosehip is regulated for the production of rosehip oil and Carotolin. However, in our opinion, the method of quantitative determination of the total carotenoids, described in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation of the XIV edition, is too complicated and contains an unreasonably entered coefficient in the formula, leading to an overestimation of the analysis results in 10 times. We have developed the methodic of quantitative determination of the total carotenoids in Rosehip, that include single extraction of raw materials with hexane at room temperature and periodic mixing in the ratio of «raw material : extract» 1 : 30. Investigated solution there was obtained by diluting the hexane extract in the ratio of 2:25 and measured the optical density at wavelength 450 nm. Adjustments have been made to the formula for the calculating of the total carotenoids relating to the removal of the coefficient 10 unjustifiably entered into the pharmacopoeial methodic. It was determined that the content of the total carotenoids calculated on ß-carotene varied from 10.15 to 74.5 mg%. The metrological characteristics of the methodic indicate that the error of a single determination of the total carotenoids in the rosehip fruits with a 95% confidence level is ± 3.57%. Based on the results of the studies, a new test quality indicators “content of the total carotenoids at least 30 mg%” was substantiated instead of 300 mg%.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Behavior in Soil/Plant System after Sewage Sludge Application

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1584
Author(s):  
Urszula Wydro ◽  
Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć ◽  
Eliza Hawrylik ◽  
Andrzej Butarewicz ◽  
Joanna Rodziewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Urban Soil ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soil Phytoremediation ◽  
Sludge Application ◽  
Soluble Fractions

One of the possibilities of removing heavy metals (HMs) from soil is the use of phytoremediation techniques supported with biosolids, which also allow for their disposal. Therefore, the objective of the research was the determination of the sewage sludge suitability after its application to urban soil in order to increase the phytoremediation efficiency of contaminated soil. A field experiment was established on lawns in Białystok (Poland) in two locations with different traffic. The research plots were fertilized with sludge in doses of 14.5 t DM/ha and 29 t DM/ha. A mixture of lawn grasses was sown on the prepared plots. During two years of experiment soil/plant samples were collected, and pH, organic matter, dehydrogenase and catalase activity (soil), the total content of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg (soil/plant), and their fractions (soil) were determined. The HMs in soil were present mainly in residual and reducible fractions. Zn had the highest share in acid-soluble fractions (17–45%). The efficiency of urban soil phytoremediation was determined by the calculation of bioconcentration (BCF) and translocation (TF) factors. The highest values for BCF and TF were obtained for Mo (1.97 and 1.99, respectively). In the presented study, sludge amendment caused an immobilization of heavy metals.

Study Regarding the Bahaviour of an Insulating Vegetable Oil Exposed to Accelerated Thermal Aging

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2514-1528
Author(s):  
Petru Budrugeac ◽  
Iosif Lingvay ◽  
Alexandra Pica ◽  
Beatrice Gabriela Sbarcea
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Oxidative Reactivity ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Accelerated Thermal Aging

The simultaneous thermal analysis method (thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry + differential thermal analysis (TG/DTG+DTA) and determination of iodine index have been used for characterization of an experimental vegetable insulating oil exposed to thermal cyclic and isothermal accelerated aging in pure state and in contact with red copper. The results obtained by thermal analyses show that three main successive processes of thermo-oxidation occur at progressive heating of initial (un-aged) and thermal aged oil samples. The accelerated thermal aging determines the change of composition and thermal properties of oil, which involves the formation of sites with an oxidative reactivity greater than those from initial (un-aged) oil. It has been put in evidence the catalytic role of red copper in the process of oil oxidation. The change of composition of oil as result of thermal aging also results from the decrease of iodine index. The general mechanism of auto-oxidation of vegetable oils gives a qualitative explanation of obtained results.

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