scholarly journals Diversity of Rodent Species and Its Potency as the Vector for Transmitting Rodent Borne Parasitic Disease in Households

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 07004
Author(s):  
Nur ‘Aini Herawati ◽  
Sudarmaji
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Suncus Murinus ◽  
West Java ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Rattus Tanezumi ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Taenia Taeniaeformis

Rodent species have been known as the major pest in the agricultural sector leading to economic losses. They are also identified as the vector for several rodent -borne zoonotic diseases. However, a specific study on observing their diversity in households closed to lowland irrigated agroecosystems that correspond to disease distribution’s role is limited. To address this issue, a field study was performed during the 2019 -2020 cropping season in two sites (Yogyakarta and West Java) which were categorized as the rice production centers. Trapping was conducted consecutively for 13-30 days using 65-75 snap traps. Roasted coconut and salty fish were used to attract rodents. In West Java, 3 rodent species ( Rattus argentiventer, Rattus tanezumi, Bandicota indica) and insectivore small mammal (Suncus murinus) were discovered from 1,950 trap nights. Meanwhile, the setting of 900 trap nights in Yogyakarta indicated less diverse rodents with only one species (Rattus tanezumi) and the same insectivore discovered. All captured animals were dissected and observed for the endoparasites. We obtained two potent species of parasites ( Taenia taeniaeformis and Capillaria hepatica), which can be transmitted by rodents to the local people if they do not apply a proper health practice.

scholarly journals Direct and indirect economic impacts of drought in the agri-food sector in the Ebro River basin (Spain)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2679-2694 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gil ◽  
A. Garrido ◽  
N. Hernández-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Drought Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts

Abstract. The economic evaluation of drought impacts is essential in order to define efficient and sustainable management and mitigation strategies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the economic impacts of a drought event on the agricultural sector and measure how they are transmitted from primary production to industrial output and related employment. We fit econometric models to determine the magnitude of the economic loss attributable to water storage. The direct impacts of drought on agricultural productivity are measured through a direct attribution model. Indirect impacts on agricultural employment and the agri-food industry are evaluated through a nested indirect attribution model. The transmission of water scarcity effects from agricultural production to macroeconomic variables is measured through chained elasticities. The models allow for differentiating the impacts deriving from water scarcity from other sources of economic losses. Results show that the importance of drought impacts are less relevant at the macroeconomic level, but are more significant for those activities directly dependent on water abstractions and precipitation. From a management perspective, implications of these findings are important to develop effective mitigation strategies to reduce drought risk exposure.

scholarly journals LATE BLIGHT SEGMENTATION IN TOMATOES USING SPATIAL DOMAIN METHODS AND COLOUR ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
I. Galvan- Torres ◽  
A.S. CortésGonzález ◽  
C.N. López- Mejía ◽  
B. Luna- Benoso ◽  
J.C. MartínezPerales
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Hsv Color Model ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Assisted Diagnosis

Agricultural productivity is an important factor in a country's economic development. Therefore, the diagnosis of plant diseases is a field of research of great importance for the agricultural sector since it allows us to help recommend strategies to prevent the spread of diseases, thus reducing economic losses. Currently, with the rise of computer systems, computer systems have been developed that allow computer assisted diagnosis in different fields of research, including the agricultural sector. Since late blight is one of the main diseases due to its high incidence and severity, this paper proposes a methodology to obtain late blight segmentation in tomato leaf images through image analysis and color analysis using the HSV color model. The proposed methodology was applied to a set of publicly available PlantVillage images, to which late blight segmentation was obtained.

Decay Detection in Citrus Fruits Using Hyperspectral Computer Vision

2012 ◽  
pp. 104-123
Author(s):  
Juan Gómez-Sanchis ◽  
Emilio Soria-Olivas ◽  
Delia Lorente-Garrido ◽  
José M. Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Pablo Escandell-Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
Citrus Industry ◽  
Learning Techniques

The citrus industry is nowadays an important part of the Spanish agricultural sector. One of the main problems present in the citrus industry is decay caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum fungi. Early detection of decay produced by fungi in citrus is especially important for the citrus industry of distribution. This chapter presents a hyperspectral computer vision system and a set of machine learning techniques in order to detect decay caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum fungi that produce more economic losses to the sector. More specifically, the authors employ a hyperspectral system and artificial neural networks. Nowadays, inspection and removal of damaged citrus is done manually by workers using dangerous ultraviolet light. The proposed system constitutes a feasible and implementable solution for the citrus industry; this has been proven by the fact that several machinery enterprises have shown their interest in the implementation and patent of the system.

scholarly journals Extreme Weather Events in Agriculture: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Cogato ◽  
Franco Meggio ◽  
Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati ◽  
Francesco Marinello
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Major Interest

Despite the increase of publications focusing on the consequences of extreme weather events (EWE) for the agricultural sector, a specific review of EWE related to agriculture is missing. This work aimed at assessing the interrelation between EWE and agriculture through a systematic quantitative review of current scientific literature. The review analysed 19 major cropping systems (cereals, legumes, viticulture, horticulture and pastures) across five continents. Documents were extracted from the Scopus database and examined with a text mining tool to appraise the trend of publications across the years, the specific EWE-related issues examined and the research gaps addressed. The results highlighted that food security and economic losses due to the EWE represent a major interest of the scientific community. Implementation of remote sensing and imagery techniques for monitoring and detecting the effects of EWE is still underdeveloped. Large research gaps still lie in the areas concerning the effects of EWE on major cash crops (grapevine and tomato) and the agronomic dynamics of EWE in developing countries. Current knowledge on the physiological dynamics regulating the responses of main crops to EWE appears to be well established, while more research is urgently needed in the fields of mitigation measures and governance systems.

scholarly journals Distribution Channel Analysis of Logistics in Supply Chain Management at the Outlet IAP With VSM in Agricultural Sector Industrial Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethriza Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Order Process ◽  
West Java ◽  
Industrial Companies

PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk is a company engaged in agribusiness, which tried to become a retail company in 2016 with Kahuripan Tea products, namely teabags processed from their factories and gardens in the Bandung, West Java area. With marketing areas in West Java and East Java, the focused area is the Jabodetabek area in this research. The problem faced by the company is the delay in the transport order process, which results in delays in the delivery of Kahuripan Tea products to customers. The data on delays used are data from October to December 2019. The problem occurs because there are still many activities that are not value-added which are classified as waste. This research aims to analyze improvements in the transport order process that occurs in the business development and procurement department at PT. PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk, with a lean manufacturing approach with the value stream mapping (VSM) method, analyzes the dominant waste in the transport ordering process. Based on the analysis results, there were three improvements, namely the approval process, the price bidding process, and the vendor selection process. The results of the improvement evaluation obtained a decrease in lead time by 560 minutes and an increase in the value of Process Cycle Efficiency by 46%. So, this improvement will increase the practical value in the transport ordering process: that way, PT. PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk can increase customer value with fast service time and good quality.

scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis of circular RNAs in goat skin fibroblast cells in response to Orf virus infection

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Pang ◽  
Mengmeng Zhang ◽  
Xiaojian Yang ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Shu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Orf Virus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Positive Regulation ◽  
Goat Skin

Orf, caused by Orf virus (ORFV), is a globally distributed zoonotic disease responsible for serious economic losses in the agricultural sector. However, the mechanism underlying ORFV infection remains largely unknown. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of endogenous non-coding RNAs, play important roles in various pathological processes but their involvement in ORFV infection and host response is unclear. In the current study, whole transcriptome sequencing and small RNA sequencing were performed in ORFV-infected goat skin fibroblast cells and uninfected cells. A total of 151 circRNAs, 341 messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and 56 microRNAs (miRNAs) were differently expressed following ORFV infection. Four circRNAs: circRNA1001, circRNA1684, circRNA3127 and circRNA7880 were validated by qRT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that host genes of differently expressed circRNAs were significantly enriched in regulation of inflammatory response, epithelial structure maintenance, positive regulation of cell migration, positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity, regulation of ion transmembrane transport, etc. The constructed circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network suggested that circRNAs may function as miRNA sponges indirectly regulating gene expression following ORFV infection. Our study presented the first comprehensive profiles of circRNAs in response to ORFV infection, thus providing new clues for the mechanisms of interactions between ORFV and the host.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI SEKTOR PERTANIAN PADA PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwin Widianingsih ◽  
Any Suryantini ◽  
Irham Irham
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Level ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
The West ◽  
West Java ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Dynamic Location ◽  
Typology Analysis

This study aims to know the trend of GDRP of agricultural sector in West Java Province, sector and sub-sector of agriculture which has a role as a leading sector in West Java Province and each district in this province, the factors that affect the economic growth of agriculture sector in the West Java Province, and the growth typology of the agricultural sector in West Java Province. The method that used for this study are Trend analysis, Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Shift-Share, and Klassen Typology. Theresults showed that the trend of agriculture sector/sub-sectors’ GDRP value were significantly increased and the trend of agriculture sector/sub-sectors’ GDRP contribution were significantly decreased over the period  year 2003-2012. The agricultural sector is a leading sector for West Java Province and most of its districts. Food crop and the horticultural sub-sector is a leading sector for West Java Province and some districts in this province. The growth of the national economy is the dominant factor affecting the growth of the sector/subsector of agriculture in West Java Province. The competitive advantage (competitiveness) of forestry sub-sector was higher than the same sub-sector in other areas at national level. Food crops and horticultural sub-sector and livestock sub-sector were advanced  ut depressed sub-sector. Forestry sub-sectors was categorized in developing sub-sector. The agriculture sector, plantation and fisheries sub-sector were categorized in lagging development. Based on LQ, DLQ and Klassen Typology analysis, the results showed that there was a consistent result that were the forestry sub-sector categorized in a leading sub-sector in the future, f ood crops and horticulture sub-sector categorized in leading sub-sector along year 2003-2012. While sector of agriculture, plantation and fisheries sub-sector categorized in the lagged development sectors.  

scholarly journals Technology Package for Sustainable Productivity and Resiliency to Climate Variability: The Proof from SIMLESA Studies in Tanzania

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
John Sariah ◽  
Daniel Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Normal Duration

The agricultural sector in Tanzania is mainly dryland and dominated by smallholder farmers. Unreliable rainfall, short than normal duration of cropping season and fluctuations of onset and end of cropping season are main challenges facing farmers. The increased frequency and intensity of droughts, unpredictability of weather, shorter than normal duration of cropping seasons have significant impact on farmers’ productivity, profitability and resilience. This paper report study on Conservation agriculture for Sustainable Intensification (CASI) technology package tested on farm for productive, resilient and sustainable smallholder maize-legume cropping systems across five districts in Tanzania. Three practices namely Conservation practice (CA), Current applied recommended practice (CONV. or sometimes referred to as IMPROV) and primitive farmers practice (FP) were compared in experimental plots on farmers’ fields. Improved (DT maize and Pigeonpeas) was intercropped in all practices. Only CA and CONV practices were statistically compared, whereas FP was for farmer’s visual observations and comparisons. Data recorded were, soil carbon, moisture, yields and economic analysis. Results showed that, the average maize yields for four seasons in CA and CONV doubled and for tripled. An average of 30.5% hours of labour were saved in CASI relative to non CASI practice. The benefit cost ratio of maize-pigeonpea intercrops under CASI was 2.1 as compared to 1.4 in conventional agriculture investments. The institutionalization of CASI at local and national policy decision levels will be required for the scaling of CASI technologies across Tanzania.

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