scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis of circular RNAs in goat skin fibroblast cells in response to Orf virus infection

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Pang ◽  
Mengmeng Zhang ◽  
Xiaojian Yang ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Shu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Orf Virus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Positive Regulation ◽  
Goat Skin

Orf, caused by Orf virus (ORFV), is a globally distributed zoonotic disease responsible for serious economic losses in the agricultural sector. However, the mechanism underlying ORFV infection remains largely unknown. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of endogenous non-coding RNAs, play important roles in various pathological processes but their involvement in ORFV infection and host response is unclear. In the current study, whole transcriptome sequencing and small RNA sequencing were performed in ORFV-infected goat skin fibroblast cells and uninfected cells. A total of 151 circRNAs, 341 messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and 56 microRNAs (miRNAs) were differently expressed following ORFV infection. Four circRNAs: circRNA1001, circRNA1684, circRNA3127 and circRNA7880 were validated by qRT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that host genes of differently expressed circRNAs were significantly enriched in regulation of inflammatory response, epithelial structure maintenance, positive regulation of cell migration, positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity, regulation of ion transmembrane transport, etc. The constructed circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network suggested that circRNAs may function as miRNA sponges indirectly regulating gene expression following ORFV infection. Our study presented the first comprehensive profiles of circRNAs in response to ORFV infection, thus providing new clues for the mechanisms of interactions between ORFV and the host.

scholarly journals Integrated Analysis of Differentially Expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in Goat Skin Fibroblast Cells in Response to Orf Virus Infection Reveals That cfa-let-7a Regulates Thrombospondin 1 Expression

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Feng Pang ◽  
Xinying Wang ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Zhenxing Zhang ◽  
Mengmeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Networks ◽  
Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Mirna Gene ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Orf Virus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Goat Skin ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Thrombospondin 1

Orf is a zoonotic disease that has caused huge economic losses globally. Systematical analysis of dysregulated cellular micro RNAs (miRNAs) in response to Orf virus (ORFV) infection has not been reported. In the current study, miRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed in goat skin fibroblast (GSF) cells at 0, 18, and 30 h post infection (h.p.i). We identified 140 and 221 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs at 18 and 30 h.p.i, respectively. We also identified 729 and 3961 DE genes (DEGs) at 18 and 30 h.p.i, respectively. GO enrichment analysis indicates enrichment of apoptotic regulation, defense response to virus, immune response, and inflammatory response at both time points. DE miRNAs and DEGs with reverse expression were used to construct miRNA-gene networks. Seven DE miRNAs and seven DEGs related to “negative regulation of viral genome replication” were identified. These were validated by RT-qPCR. Cfa-let-7a, a significantly upregulated miRNA, was found to repress Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) mRNA and protein expression by directly targeting the THBS1 3′ untranslated region. THBS1 has been reported to induce apoptosis; therefore, the cfa-let-7a-THBS1 axis may play an important role in cellular apoptosis during ORFV infection. This study provides new insights into ORFV and host cell interaction mechanisms.

scholarly journals Inhibition of orf virus replication in goat skin fibroblast cells by the HSPA1B protein, as demonstrated by iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 (11) ◽  
pp. 2561-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-hong Hao ◽  
Han-jin Kong ◽  
Ming-hao Yan ◽  
Chao-chao Shen ◽  
Guo-wei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Replication ◽  
Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Orf Virus ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Goat Skin

scholarly journals Parapoxvirus orf virus infection induces an increase in interleukin-8, tumour necrosis factor-α, and decorin in goat skin fibroblast cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Wang ◽  
Bingzhou Lu ◽  
Haixue Zheng ◽  
Keshan Zhang ◽  
Xiangtao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Orf Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Goat Skin ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

AbstractIntroduction: Orf virus (ORFV) is a prototype Parapoxvirus species in the Poxviridae family that causes serious zoonotic infectious disease. Goat skin fibroblast (GSF) cells are the major host targets of ORFV. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α are known to play a vital role in immune response during viral infections. However, the manner of variation over time of their level of expression in GSF cells remains unclear.Material and Methods: In this study, quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay chips were used to detect changes in the levels of these cytokines expressed and secreted in GSF cells after ORFV infection.Results: Results showed that the expression of IL-8, TNF-α, and decorin was upregulated in the cell lysates, and that secreted decorin and IL-8 were significantly increased in cell supernatant.Conclusion: The results provided possible approaches to elucidation of how ORFV infection initiates host cell immune response.

scholarly journals Chromatic intervention and biocompatibility assay for biosurfactant derived from Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Panchariya ◽  
Vishal Bhati ◽  
Harishkumar Madhyastha ◽  
Radha Madhyastha ◽  
Jagdish Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Hemolysis Assay ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Human Rbcs

AbstractExtraction of biosurfactants from plants is advantageous than from microbes. The properties and robustness of biosurfactant derived from the mesocarp of Balanites aegyptiaca have been reported. However, the dark brown property of biosurfactant and lack of knowledge of its biocompatibility limits its scope. In the present work, the decolorization protocol for this biosurfactant was optimized using hydrogen peroxide. The hemolytic potential and biocompatibility based on cell toxicity and proliferation were also investigated. This study is the first report on the decolorization and toxicity assay of this biosurfactant. For decolorization of biosurfactant, 34 full factorial design was used, and the data were subjected to ANOVA. Results indicate that 1.5% of hydrogen peroxide can decolorize the biosurfactant most efficiently at 40 °C in 70 min at pH 7. Mitochondrial reductase (MTT) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays on M5S mouse skin fibroblast cells revealed that decolorized biosurfactant up to 50 µg/mL for 6 h had no significant toxic effect. Hemolysis assay showed ~ 2.5% hemolysis of human RBCs, indicating the nontoxic effect of this biosurfactant. The present work established a decolorization protocol making the biosurfactant chromatically acceptable. Biocompatibility assays confirm its safer use as observed by experiments on M5S skin fibroblast cells under in vitro conditions.

scholarly journals Direct and indirect economic impacts of drought in the agri-food sector in the Ebro River basin (Spain)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2679-2694 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gil ◽  
A. Garrido ◽  
N. Hernández-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Drought Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts

Abstract. The economic evaluation of drought impacts is essential in order to define efficient and sustainable management and mitigation strategies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the economic impacts of a drought event on the agricultural sector and measure how they are transmitted from primary production to industrial output and related employment. We fit econometric models to determine the magnitude of the economic loss attributable to water storage. The direct impacts of drought on agricultural productivity are measured through a direct attribution model. Indirect impacts on agricultural employment and the agri-food industry are evaluated through a nested indirect attribution model. The transmission of water scarcity effects from agricultural production to macroeconomic variables is measured through chained elasticities. The models allow for differentiating the impacts deriving from water scarcity from other sources of economic losses. Results show that the importance of drought impacts are less relevant at the macroeconomic level, but are more significant for those activities directly dependent on water abstractions and precipitation. From a management perspective, implications of these findings are important to develop effective mitigation strategies to reduce drought risk exposure.

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