scholarly journals Energy Justification of the Number of Tractors for Agricultural Operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00136
Author(s):  
Camill A. Khafizov ◽  
Ramil N. Khafizov ◽  
Azat A. Nurmiev ◽  
Ilgiz G. Galiev
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Computational Experiments ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Minimum Total Energy

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the need to substantiate the sufficient number of tractors used for various technological operations, depending on the volume of works performed, and taking into account their influence on the crop yield. The purpose is to develop the mathematical model of machine and tractor units used in technological operations by formalizing the vague concept of optimal agrotechnical timing of technological operations and calculating the optimal number of tractors to perform works by the total energy costs. The main research method is mathematical modeling of operations performed by machine-tractor units based on the system analysis and computational experiments and using the energy mathematical model. The article describes a criterion for optimizing the tractor parameters, dependences of the energy mathematical model of the unit. The results of computational experiments showed that for each operation there is an optimal number of tractors and tractor units minimizing the minimum total energy costs. Calculations were carried out when treating 1000 hectares with various tractors. It was revealed that the total energy consumption differs by 2 or more times. The required number of tractors depends on their main parameters, propeller parameters and other factors. It was revealed that with an increase in the volume of works, the required optimal number of tractors increases. The method for substantiating the required optimal number of tractors in technological operations will improve operations of tractors used by large agricultural producers, reduce the total energy costs for cultivating up to 12–16 thousand MJ/ha.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION OF A CANTILEVER KNIFE BLADE WITH SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
The Road ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Knife Blade ◽  
Soil Excavation

Introduction. In order to the road to be durable at the minimum necessary cost for its construction, the topsoil should be carefully removed without disturbing the soil located under the topsoil. The problem of cheapening the roads construction without reducing their quality can be solved by creating a continuous unit for the formation of the underlying layer. The main working elemens of the unit are shovels. The blade of the cantilever knife fixed on the shovel cuts the topsoil from the bottom. It is located at the angle of 45 ° to the direction of movement of the shovel and also has a sharpening angle. The front angle of the blade of the cantilever knife.The method of research. The cantilever knife is divided into the elements: the edge of the blade, the upper face of the blade, the surface of the cantilever knife, a lower plane. The consecutive impact of many cantilever knives on the ground within the operating unit width with the ground of one notional cantilever knife at a distance necessary for the excavation of one cubic meter of soil was replaced. The interacting forces of a notional cantilever knife with soil are called notional forces. The methodology of calculating energy costs when penetrating the edge of the blade of the cantilever knife into the soil is presented: to separate a layer from the body of the soil, to create a gap in the body of the soil, to overcome the friction of the soil against the edge of a blade of a cantilever knife. The total energy consumption during the interaction of a edge of a blade of a cantilever knife in the soil excavation with a volume of one cubic meter was obtained by adding the particular energy consumption.Results. Based on the developed calculation method, the distance at which a cantilever knife has to move to excavate one cubic meter of soil, and the time of this movement determined. The energy costs are calculated when penetrating the edge of the blade of the cantilever knife into the soil: to separate a layer from the body of soil, to create a gap in the body of soil, to overcome the friction of the soil against the edge of a blade of a cantilever knife. The total energy consumption and their structure during the interaction of the edge of a blade of a cantilever knife with the soil during the soil excavation with a volume of one cubic meter are determined.Conclusion. The total energy consumption during the interaction of an edge of a blade of a cantilever knife with the soil during the development of soil with a volume of one cubic meter is about 7 thousand J/cubic meter. In the energy costs structure during the interaction of an edge of a blade of a cantilever knife with the soil, energy costs prevail to overcome the friction of the soil against an edge of a blade. To determine the total energy consumption for cutting soil with cantilever knives shovels of the unit for removing the upper soil layer from the underlying layer of a road, it is necessary to analyze the interaction of other elements of cantilever knives with the soil.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Development of Effective Arable Units for Dump Plowing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4595-4600
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Minimum Total Energy ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Tractor Engine

This article presents the results of the development of a mathematical model and a flowchart for optimizing the workflow of dump plowing with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers, as well as additional crumbling and leveling of the soil proposed by the authors of a machine-tractor unit. The optimal power of the tractor engine, its mass, the width of the implement and its mass, the operating speed and the optimization criterion value - the minimum total energy costs for the process of plowing with related works (fertilizing, leveling the soil) were obtained. The technical and operational indicators of modern dump plows are analyzed and the most effective ones are selected. New directions of increasing the efficiency of arable units on dump plowing are presented.

scholarly journals STATE OF SEED PRODUCTION AND AGRO-ENERGY EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF RED FESCUE SEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Seed Crops

Red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) it is one of the most popular crops for creating lawns of various types and as a component of meadow and pasture poly-species mixtures of long-term use. The volume of domestic production of seeds of this crop is less than 2% of the total sales of seed material on the Russian market. The wide expansion of imported seeds of foreign-selected varieties to the domestic market sharply raises the question of the need to develop seed production of this crop in Russia. To do this, it is necessary to intensify breeding for the development of new varieties of red fescue, the development of zonal technologies for cultivating them for seeds. Analysis and generalization of research results shows that when using a set of optimal agricultural techniques, it is possible to consistently receive seed collections of more than 0.4 t/ha. This level of seed yield ensures high profitability of production and recoupment of energy costs. Assessment of the energy efficiency of technologies for cultivation of red fescue pasture-lawn ecotype shows that the total energy consumption per 1 ha of seed was 17.7 GJ, per 1 kg of seeds – 68.2 MJ. Due to the increase in yield by 44.4% and the use of energy-saving techniques, energy savings per 100 kg of seeds amounted to 25.6%. The energy assessment showed that as a result of harvesting seed crops by direct threshing in the optimal time frame, total energy costs decreased by 19%, and energy consumption for fuel – by 29%.

Scientific-methodological approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of using combine harvesters by large-scale agricultural producers

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-217
Author(s):  
V. Skibchyk ◽  
V. Dnes ◽  
R. Kudrynetskyi ◽  
O. Krypuch
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Production Unit ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Combine Harvesters

Аnnotation Purpose. To increase the efficiency of technological processes of grain harvesting by large-scale agricultural producers due to the rational use of combine harvesters available on the farm. Methods. In the course of the research the methods of system analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, system-factor and system-event approaches, graphic method were used. Results. Characteristic events that occur during the harvesting of grain crops, both within a single production unit and the entire agricultural producer are identified. A method for predicting time intervals of use and downtime of combine harvesters of production units has been developed. The roadmap of substantiation the rational seasonal scenario of the use of grain harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers is developed, which allows estimating the efficiency of each of the scenarios of multivariate placement of grain harvesters on fields taking into account influence of natural production and agrometeorological factors on the efficiency of technological cultures. Conclusions 1. Known scientific and methodological approaches to optimization of machine used in agriculture do not take into account the risks of losses of crops due to late harvesting, as well as seasonal natural and agrometeorological conditions of each production unit of the farmer, which requires a new approach to the rational use of rational seasonal combines of large agricultural producers. 2. The developed new approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of the use of combined harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers allows taking into account the costs of harvesting of grain and the cost of the lost crop because of the lateness of harvesting at optimum variants of attraction of additional free combine harvesters. provides more profit. 3. The practical application of the developed road map will allow large-scale agricultural producers to use combine harvesters more efficiently and reduce harvesting costs. Keywords: combine harvesters, use, production divisions, risk, seasonal scenario, large-scale agricultural producers.

Energy savings potential of new aeration system: Full scale trials

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lazić ◽  
V. Larsson ◽  
Å. Nordenborg
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Fine Bubble ◽  
Aeration Control

The objective of this work is to decrease energy consumption of the aeration system at a mid-size conventional wastewater treatment plant in the south of Sweden where aeration consumes 44% of the total energy consumption of the plant. By designing an energy optimised aeration system (with aeration grids, blowers, controlling valves) and then operating it with a new aeration control system (dissolved oxygen cascade control and most open valve logic) one can save energy. The concept has been tested in full scale by comparing two treatment lines: a reference line (consisting of old fine bubble tube diffusers, old lobe blowers, simple DO control) with a test line (consisting of new Sanitaire Silver Series Low Pressure fine bubble diffusers, a new screw blower and the Flygt aeration control system). Energy savings with the new aeration system measured as Aeration Efficiency was 65%. Furthermore, 13% of the total energy consumption of the whole plant, or 21 000 €/year, could be saved when the tested line was operated with the new aeration system.

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